The Philosophy of Biology: An Episodic HistoryCambridge University Press, 2004. 8. 2. Is life different from the non-living? If so, how? And how, in that case, does biology as the study of living things differ from other sciences? These questions are traced through an exploration of episodes in the history of biology and philosophy. The book begins with Aristotle, then moves on to Descartes, comparing his position with that of Harvey. In the eighteenth century the authors consider Buffon and Kant. In the nineteenth century the authors examine the Cuvier-Geoffroy debate, pre-Darwinian geology and natural theology, Darwin and the transition from Darwin to the revival of Mendelism. Two chapters deal with the evolutionary synthesis and such questions as the species problem, the reducibility or otherwise of biology to physics and chemistry, and the problem of biological explanation in terms of function and teleology. The final chapters reflect on the implications of the philosophy of biology for philosophy of science in general. |
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4 페이지
... knowledge they prized and the political-ethical activity of citizens, science is not concerned with particular cases, as doctors and politicians are, with all the uncertainty that attends these cases. It is concerned instead with what ...
... knowledge they prized and the political-ethical activity of citizens, science is not concerned with particular cases, as doctors and politicians are, with all the uncertainty that attends these cases. It is concerned instead with what ...
5 페이지
... knowledge (epist ̄em ̄e) as such. The sciences of nature, including what is now called biology, are for Aristotle demonstrative sciences in just this sense. They are presumed to have their own first principles, from which universally ...
... knowledge (epist ̄em ̄e) as such. The sciences of nature, including what is now called biology, are for Aristotle demonstrative sciences in just this sense. They are presumed to have their own first principles, from which universally ...
7 페이지
... knowledge. For scientific knowledge depends on logically necessitated demonstrations from secure first principles, as we have already noted, and Aristotle thinks that only non-incidental changes in the objects of a science can be ...
... knowledge. For scientific knowledge depends on logically necessitated demonstrations from secure first principles, as we have already noted, and Aristotle thinks that only non-incidental changes in the objects of a science can be ...
12 페이지
... knowledge), as well as certain “little” self-standing natural treatises (“parva naturalia”) such as On Sense and Sensibilia, On Memory, On Sleep, On Dreams, and On Divination in Sleep. As we have already said, and as the treatise On the ...
... knowledge), as well as certain “little” self-standing natural treatises (“parva naturalia”) such as On Sense and Sensibilia, On Memory, On Sleep, On Dreams, and On Divination in Sleep. As we have already said, and as the treatise On the ...
19 페이지
... knowledge. On this issue, we concur with Lloyd 1996, pp. 67–82. 14 In his Hunterian Lectures of 1837, Richard Owen writes as follows: “The sketches which Mr. Hunter has left of his views of the arrangement of the animal kingdom more ...
... knowledge. On this issue, we concur with Lloyd 1996, pp. 67–82. 14 In his Hunterian Lectures of 1837, Richard Owen writes as follows: “The sketches which Mr. Hunter has left of his views of the arrangement of the animal kingdom more ...
목차
1 | |
Descartes Harvey and the Emergence of Modern Mechanism | 35 |
Buffon
| 64 |
Kant and the Development of German Biology
| 92 |
A Continental Controversy
| 128 |
British Controversies about Geology and Natural Theology
| 154 |
Darwin | 192 |
Evolution and Heredity from Darwin to the Rise of Genetics | 221 |
The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis and Its Discontents | 247 |
The Species Problem Reducibility Function and Teleology
| 290 |
Biology and Human Nature | 322 |
The Philosophy of Biology and the Philosophy of Science | 348 |
References | 363 |
Index | 393 |
자주 나오는 단어 및 구문
adaptation anatomy argued argument Aristotelian Aristotle Aristotle’s biologists Blumenbach Buffon called causal century Chapter cladists claim classification comparative anatomy Critique CSMK Cuvier Darwin Darwinian Descartes Descartes’s descent Dobzhansky Eldredge environment evolution evolutionary example existence explanation extinct fact final causes forces fossil function G¨ottingen Galton genes genetic genome Geoffroy Geoffroy’s geological Gould Harvey Herschel History of Animals human idea individual Kant Kant’s kind knowledge Lamarck laws Linnaeus living things look Lyell matter Mayr Mayr’s means mechanism mechanistic Mendel Mendelian Modern Evolutionary Synthesis Modern Synthesis molecular natural history natural purposes natural selection naturalists notion objects organisms Origin Origin of Species philosophy of biology philosophy of science physics population presumably principle question reason refer reproduction scientific seems sense sort species concept stress structure substances teleological theory thought tion traits transmutation uniformitarianism unity variation Vries Whewell Whewell’s Wright