The Philosophy of Biology: An Episodic HistoryCambridge University Press, 2004. 8. 2. Is life different from the non-living? If so, how? And how, in that case, does biology as the study of living things differ from other sciences? These questions are traced through an exploration of episodes in the history of biology and philosophy. The book begins with Aristotle, then moves on to Descartes, comparing his position with that of Harvey. In the eighteenth century the authors consider Buffon and Kant. In the nineteenth century the authors examine the Cuvier-Geoffroy debate, pre-Darwinian geology and natural theology, Darwin and the transition from Darwin to the revival of Mendelism. Two chapters deal with the evolutionary synthesis and such questions as the species problem, the reducibility or otherwise of biology to physics and chemistry, and the problem of biological explanation in terms of function and teleology. The final chapters reflect on the implications of the philosophy of biology for philosophy of science in general. |
도서 본문에서
53개의 결과 중 1 - 5개
1 페이지
... traits and classifying kinds of organisms; purposive function versus haphazardness and accident in the distribution of traits to various kinds; mechanistic reduction versus teleology or goal-orientation in the process of embryogenesis ...
... traits and classifying kinds of organisms; purposive function versus haphazardness and accident in the distribution of traits to various kinds; mechanistic reduction versus teleology or goal-orientation in the process of embryogenesis ...
11 페이지
... traits that an animal kind can have: morphological (morph ̄e), characterological (eth ̄e), behavioral (praxeis), and ecological (bioi). Aristotle calls these descriptive terms “differences” (diaphorai) and, presumably when they are ...
... traits that an animal kind can have: morphological (morph ̄e), characterological (eth ̄e), behavioral (praxeis), and ecological (bioi). Aristotle calls these descriptive terms “differences” (diaphorai) and, presumably when they are ...
12 페이지
... traits that undergird and regulate these actions. The detailed vocabulary for identifying and comparing ethological and behavioral, as distinct from morphological, traits fills the later books of History of Animals (V–IX). There ...
... traits that undergird and regulate these actions. The detailed vocabulary for identifying and comparing ethological and behavioral, as distinct from morphological, traits fills the later books of History of Animals (V–IX). There ...
13 페이지
... traits just happen loosely to be assembled wherever a specific ecological niche brings them together. Certainly, plants and animals do have just the set of traits that will enable them to survive in the environments that are natural to ...
... traits just happen loosely to be assembled wherever a specific ecological niche brings them together. Certainly, plants and animals do have just the set of traits that will enable them to survive in the environments that are natural to ...
16 페이지
... trait vocabulary that is to be useful for the purposes of a scientific comparative anatomy and ethology must also include, however, terms for traits that perform analogous functions in different great kinds. Sometimes natural language ...
... trait vocabulary that is to be useful for the purposes of a scientific comparative anatomy and ethology must also include, however, terms for traits that perform analogous functions in different great kinds. Sometimes natural language ...
목차
1 | |
Descartes Harvey and the Emergence of Modern Mechanism | 35 |
Buffon
| 64 |
Kant and the Development of German Biology
| 92 |
A Continental Controversy
| 128 |
British Controversies about Geology and Natural Theology
| 154 |
Darwin | 192 |
Evolution and Heredity from Darwin to the Rise of Genetics | 221 |
The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis and Its Discontents | 247 |
The Species Problem Reducibility Function and Teleology
| 290 |
Biology and Human Nature | 322 |
The Philosophy of Biology and the Philosophy of Science | 348 |
References | 363 |
Index | 393 |
자주 나오는 단어 및 구문
adaptation anatomy argued argument Aristotelian Aristotle Aristotle’s biologists Blumenbach Buffon called causal century Chapter cladists claim classification comparative anatomy Critique CSMK Cuvier Darwin Darwinian Descartes Descartes’s descent Dobzhansky Eldredge environment evolution evolutionary example existence explanation extinct fact final causes forces fossil function G¨ottingen Galton genes genetic genome Geoffroy Geoffroy’s geological Gould Harvey Herschel History of Animals human idea individual Kant Kant’s kind knowledge Lamarck laws Linnaeus living things look Lyell matter Mayr Mayr’s means mechanism mechanistic Mendel Mendelian Modern Evolutionary Synthesis Modern Synthesis molecular natural history natural purposes natural selection naturalists notion objects organisms Origin Origin of Species philosophy of biology philosophy of science physics population presumably principle question reason refer reproduction scientific seems sense sort species concept stress structure substances teleological theory thought tion traits transmutation uniformitarianism unity variation Vries Whewell Whewell’s Wright