not exist amongst their snowy mountains without this auxiliary; for it is from them the inhabitants derive the only comforts that tend to soften the severities of those most inhospitable climates. But we will confine ourselves to consider the Rein-deer, of Lapland, as more properly referring to the purpose of this communi cation. There are two kinds of this animal in Lapland, the wild and the domesticated, of which the former are usually the largest; but to prevent a gradual increase of this difference in size and hardiness of constitution, the tame females, in the proper season, are frequently sent out into the wood to find their wild kindred, whence they generally return in a state to increase and improve the herds at home. The breed from this mixture is stronger, and better adapted than those kept at home, for drawing the sledge in which the Laplander travels. The sledge is a curious and ingenious, but simple vehicle, well suited to being carried rapidly over ice and snow. The Rein-deer is yoked to it by a collar, to which a trace is fastened, that passes between the legs and along under the belly. The person who sits in the sledge guides the animal by a cord fastened to the horns, drives with a stick, and encourages with his voice. The Rein-deer, when hard pushed, will trot sixty miles without stopping; but in these instances of great effort, the poor animal is so much fatigued, that the master is frequently obliged to kill him, in order to prevent a lingering death. The general rate of their travelling is thirty miles for a stage; but it can be so performed only when the ground is covered with snow. As the Rein-deer constitutes the wealth of a Laplander, he devotes himself entirely to breed, support, and protect it. A poor man has fifty of these useful creatures; one in middling circumstances has about five times that number; and a man is accounted rich who possesses five hundred or more. sects are so annoying to the deer, that the owner is obliged to anoint their faces with a mixture of pitch and milk, to protect them from these minute but tiresome invaders, who then get into the mouths, the eyes, and even the nostrils. From this extremity, there is, at last, no resource but flight, and the herds are driven to the highest mountains, where they will remain for days with very little food, rather than encounter their little winged persecutors below. Every morning and evening during the summer the herdsman returns to his cottage with the deer to be milked, where a large fire of moss is prepared, for the purpose of raising a smoke that will drive away the gnats, and keep the deer quiet while milking: the quantity of milk given by a female in a day, is about a pint; it is thinner than the milk of a cow, but more nourishing. The female begins to breed at two years old, and she produces in eight months. She is remarkably fond of her young, which follow her two or three years, but do not acquire their full strength till four years old, when they are put in training for labour, and do not continue serviceable more than five years: they seldom live longer than fifteen or sixteen. At eight or nine years old the Rein-deer is killed for his skin and his flesh. Of the former the Laplanders make garments, which are warm, covering them from head to foot, and serving also for their beds, when they spread them over leaves of trees round their fires. The flesh affords a constant supply of pleasant, wholesome food, which is their chief subsistence when winter is set in, and other provisions are not to be obtained. The tongues of the Rein-deer are considered as a delicacy, and when cured, are sent in great numbers to furnish the tables in distant countries. The sinews of these animals serve for thread, which is employed in making the shoes, dresses, and other conveniences of the proprietor and his family. But the innumerable benefits derived by the Laplan best described in the condensed, yet beautiful, language of our poet :"Their Rein-deer form their riches. These their tents, As soon as the summer, so short inders from their deer, are, perhaps that country, appears, the Laplander drives his herds up towards the mountains, leaving the low grounds in a deplorable state, owing to the myriads of insects then brought to life in fens, which abound there. These in Their robes, their beds, and all their homely wealth Supply, their wholesome fare and cheerful | five years old, may be seen an actual cups: Obsequious at their call, the docile tribe Yield to the sledge their necks, and whirl them swift O'er hill and dale, heap'd into one expanse Of marbled snow, as far as eye can sweep, With a blue crust of ice unbounded glazed. Attempts have many times been made to transport this very interesting animal from his native mountains into milder climates, but they were not successful; for these creatures were not accompanied by native Laplanders, who knew their habits by being accustomed to attend them. Mr. Bullock, who has lately brought with him several Rein-deer to this country, has wisely brought the Lapland herdsman with them, and by careful search they have happily discovered that Bagshot Heath, and most of the common lands even about London, produce in abundance the kind of moss on which the Rein-deer is accustomed to feed. One of the females is already in a breeding state, and as they will soon be turned out under the care of their usual attendant and manager, there is every probability of their becoming, ere long, an established and highly beneficial part of British domestic stock. I send you, Mr. Editor, an accurate drawing of three of the deer, brought over by Mr. Bullock, with a portrait of the herdsman and his wife, and also of their child, who is leaning over a sledge to give some moss to the youngest animal. Behind is the exact representation of a Lapland hut, and, in the distance, a view of Cape North, as drawn by Captain Brooke. I am, Sir, your humble servant, Additional Observations. In our number for January last, col. 52, we gave some account of these interesting strangers, who, through the enterprising spirit of Mr. Bullock, had some time since been imported into this country. From the period of their arrival to the present time, they have attracted a considerable share of public attention; and there is scarcely one by whom they have been seen, who has not expressed the highest degree of satisfaction. Connected with the man, whose name is Jens, his wife whose name is Karlina, and the child, a lad about exhibition of Lapland manners, the costume of their country, and the form of their habitations. The exhibition opened at the Egyptian Hall, consists of a view of the wild scenery of the North Cape, in the front of which, on the floor of the room, two tents are pitched, displaying the real summer and winter habitations of a Lapland family. The first of these is of canvas, stretched over shapeless poles; the other is of moss. Both of these erections are highly characteristic, being equally rude and barbarous in their construction. The Lapland couple appear in their native garb of skins, and add considerably to the picturesque of the exhibition. Around their habitation, sledges, snow-shoes, dresses, arms, and domestic utensils, are arranged in due Lapland order, and with much Lapland taste. Several of these articles are highly curious in themselves, as specimens of art, and in their combined effect they add much to the singular spectacle with which the spectator is entertained. The deer are not less interesting than the Laplanders, being almost equal strangers to this country, at least in modern times. It cannot, however, be supposed, that these animals appear to any advantage in their confined situation; and from their having lately cast their horns, their native beauty has suffered a great diminution. It has been observed, that sometimes towards the close of the day, the Laplander and his wife mount on distinct tables, and hold a conversation with each other, during which time they throw a string over the horns of the animal, as they are accustomed to do when they catch them, while the child in the meanwhile occasionally plays with his doll, or perhaps rides on one of the deer. When these foreigners were first imported, some visitor called the child Tom Thumb. This was interpreted to the mother, who, on comprehending its import, soon gave him to understand, that she was able to perceive, and also to resent an insult. She got into a dreadful rage, and was for some time hardly to be pacified. Since that time, however, affairs have taken with them a very favourable turn. From the spectators visiting them, they have received several pounds, which have been placed for them in the savings bank; and it is not improbable, should they ever return to their native land, that they will be ranked among the most wealthy inhabitants of Lapland. Foreign Religious Intelligence. denominations by whom Missionaries have been sent into foreign countries, no permanent provision has been made for their families, in case of their decease. This is an object which charity ought to embrace. We apprehend that Mrs. Ames and her children are entirly destitute: with Mrs. Bellamy's circumstances we are not acquainted. In the populous region of Demerary religion on the whole is in as prosperous a state as in most other districts of a similar description. Iniquity, however, abounds in a high degree; and many among the negroes, who would gladly receive religious instruction, are prevented by their task-masters. Such as can find opportunities to attend public worship, manifest by their conduct that they feel themselves interested in what they hear. At an annual collection, made in November last, the blacks alone contributed £27. 10s. to support the cause of God. Ir appears by letters, lately received from Demerary, that two Methodist Missionaries, namely, Mr. Ames, of Mahaica; and Mr. Bellamy, of George-Town, have fallen victims to the yellow fever. These two Missionaries lived about 28 or 30 miles distant from each other, and were taken ill nearly about the same time, in which state they languished about a week, without having any knowledge of each other's situation. Mr. Ames died at Mahaica, on the 31st of October, 1821, and immediately on his death, a messenger was dispatched to George-Town, to make Mr. Bella- One poor negro, who was suspected my acquainted with the melancholy by his master of being tainted with event. On his arrival, Mr. B. was so Methodism, was transported to anexceedingly ill, as to be unfit to re- other plantation, about 25 miles disceive the disastrous intelligence; and tant, to prevent the contagion from the messenger, after waiting a short spreading. He carried with him into time, was compelled to return with this exile a Bible, and Dr. Watts' the distressing information that Mr. second Catechism, and on his arrival Bellamy was no more. From the began to teach his fellow slaves. His report of the doctors that attended word was made a blessing to several, them during their illness, it appears, and after an absence of three years, that they caught this deadly disorder when some holidays occurred, he by attending a person when languish-brought the fruit of his labour to the ing under the same complaint. Mr. Missionary to be baptized. Ames has left a widow and two infant children, and Mr. Bellamy, a widow and one infant child. It is painful to reflect that, amidst the various benevolent institutions, and extensive charities, which have been established in this kingdom, no permanent provision is made for the widows and orphans of the instruments who sacrifice their lives in promoting the welfare of those to whom the general bounty is directed. Missionaries who leave their native land, their friends, and connections in life, and go into foreign regions to encounter dangers and difficulties, which can only be known in their fullest extent by actual experience, are entitled at least to the partial protection of those with whose charitable views they act in concert. Yet such we believe is the fact, that among all the religious | Provincial Religious Intelligence. THE Rev. Messrs. Watson and Taylor, two of the General Secretaries of the Methodist Missionary Society, together with the Rev. Messrs. Reece and Buckley, have, during the last month, paid a visit to Cornwall, to further the interests of the above institution. Meetings for this purpose have been held at St. Austle, Truro, Penryn, Falmouth, Camborne, Helston, and Penzance, where the vast crowds who attended, and the unusually large sums contributed, afforded substantial evidence of the strong interest excited' on these important occasions. Edgecombe, Esq.; Jos. Carne, Esq. F. R. S.; Colonel Sandys; and Sir Rose Price, Bart. presided at the several meetings. Impressive and J. eloquent sermons have also been preached in the principal chapels in the country; and the best feelings of the heart have been engaged in this best of causes, which it is hoped will continue to receive unfailing accessions of strength from these fresh streams, now opened for its supply. REVIEW.-Spiritual Recreations in the Chamber of Affliction, written through a protracted Illness of thirteen years, by Eliza. 8vo. pp. 225. London: Westley, Stationers'-Court; Hatchard, Piccadilly; and Hamilton, Paternoster-Row. 1821. THIS is one of those works, which, from the calamitous situation of the authoress, the modesty of its pretensions, and the awful subjects of which it treats, disarms criticism of its power, and imposes silence where it cannot command applause. The parents of the writer, we learn from a plain but interesting preface, being in circumstances equally removed from affluence and indigence, were enabled to give their daughter a suitable education; but through the claims of a family of twelve children, and heavy losses in business, they were reduced to poverty. Eliza, on returning from school, devoted her time and talents to the instruction of female children, in her native village; but the confinement making inroads on her health, she was compelled to relinquish her charge in the spring of 1806; and in the November following, being about nineteen, she was constrained to retire from the world, through severe affliction, under which she has continued to languish, with but little intermission, from that time to the present. Her pious mother, now a widow, appears to be her chief earthly companion; and, in calm submission to the will of God, they mingle their tears together, enjoy in common each other's devotional feelings, and unite their prayers and praises to Him whose judgments are unsearchable, and his ways past finding out, The poems, which are eighty-three in number, make no pretensions to what those, who go on pilgrimage to Parnassus, would call exalted genius, or astonishing flights of fancy; but they contain excellencies which will No. 39-VOL. IV. be had in veneration, when the place where Parnassus stood shall be forgotten. Throughout the whole, they seem to be imbued with a spirit from on high; and, in a greater or less degree, a tincture of experimental religion may be discovered in almost every line. By the consolation which this has afforded, her soul has been kept in peace, under the gloomy dispensation she has been called to witness; and it is this which justifies the title she has given to her book. But although these poems lay no claim to any peculiar poetical merit, we should do the writer an act of injustice to insinuate that they are deficient, either in harmony or variety of versification. To prove the contrary, many specimens might be given; but to do this we are forbidden by our limits. One poem only can be introduced, which was written in February, 1820, in renewed remembrance of the affectionate services of a youthful female servant deceased. WHAT is LIFE? a transient vapour, What is HEALTH? a glimm'ring taper, Often wither'd ere full-blown; Sickness brings the blossom down. She, a healthy, smiling maid; Susan's wrapp'd in death's cold shade! Let our rebel-hearts be still. Views the Lamb which once was slain; 2 B Yet, to think how once I knew her, Tears of sorrow dimm'd her eye; p. 142. Farewell! let me cease repining, Bow and kiss a Father's rod; Since above, dear girl, thou'rt shining, "In the City of our GOD!" This poem, we conceive, when taken in connection with the writer's condition and circumstances, is better calculated to make a favourable impression on the reader's mind, than to awaken any repulsive feelings. In all these compositions, the pious and the humane will find something congenial with their views; and we can assure them, that a further acquaintance with the volume will increase their attachment. REVIEW.-Cain; a Mystery, by the Author of Don Juan. 12mo. p. 93. London: Benbow, Castle-Street, Leicester-Square. 1822. THIS is an infamous publication, in which the characters of Lucifer and Cain are introduced, to give the author an opportunity of prostituting his splendid talents in the cause of infidelity. It is a dramatic composition. The speakers are Adam, Cain, Abel, an Angel of the Lord, Lucifer, Eve, Adah, and Zillah. The dialogue is conducted upon such principles as might naturally be expected from the author of Don Juan. Lucifer and Cain are the predominant characters; and the inevitable tendency of the drama is, to cast reflections on the moral government of God, and to bring Revelation into contempt. REVIEW.-Select Sermons, preached on the Death of his most sacred Majesty George the Third, and his Royal Highness the Duke of Kent. 1 Vol. 8vo. pp. 230, London. Sotheran, Little Tower-street, &c. 1821. ALTHOUGH the compiler's name does not appear, we are informed in the preface, that it was his intention to have collected and published in a more voluminous work, the most popular discourses delivered on the interesting occasions expressed in the title-page, without confining himself to either sect or denomination. Indisposition however, and other circumstances, compelled him to relinquish his primary design, and to send one volume only into the world. These discourses, which are six in number, were delivered by the Rev. James Rudge, Rev. W. B. Williams, Rev. Andrew Reed, Rev. T. Morell, Rev. S. Sleigh, and the Rev. James Buckley. To an impartial observer, who does not view every thing which relates to Royalty through political optics, these funeral orations will be found to contain a fair developement of character; while at the same time they furnish pleasing specimens of pulpiteloquence. Independently of these incidental circumstances, they contain a rich fund of valuable matter, which the mutations of novelty never ought to reach; but such is the general character of the human mind, that few will detach permanent truth from local application, if it should unfortunately stand in such a connection. When the novelty of any subject has subsided, the emanations of talent to which it had given birth, seem doomed to perish in the common grave. The clouds of oblivion embrace and envelop all. The illustrious names of George the Third, and of the Duke of Kent, will indeed be long remembered with veneration and respect; but even these, like every thing earthly, are destined to be forgotten, and while they remain they only ap pear "Like the flag floating when the bark's ingulf'd." These discourses have many excellencies to recommend them to public attention, and their principal fault appears to be that of coming late into the market. REVIEW.-The Orphan Sisters, a Tale, founded on Facts. By the Author of Memoir of Mary Ann. pp. 36. Westley, Stationer's Court. 18mo. price 4d. Ir may appear to many, that to review a book of so small a price as the one before us, is an unworthy and useless task. To such we have only to say, that we are never governed by the |