next meeting of the C. C. I. Radio, it would be unacceptable to the United States particularly because of the unsatisfactory provision in Article 5 regarding the use of the French language. Another provision of these Internal Regulations which should be scrutinized carefully with a view to the organization of future C. C. I. Radio meetings is Article 4. One of the provisions of this article is intended to admit the U. R. S. I. and the U. I. R. to the meetings. The status of these and other international organizations is largely determined by this article.

Another question considered by Committee I was the scope of the report of this meeting of the C. C. I. Radio. It was decided that all of the documents which had been submitted in connection with this meeting should be included in the report, arranged in logically classified order. The arrangement and editing of these documents was left to the discretion of the Berne Bureau. This latter provision was adopted in the final plenary C. C. I. Radio meeting upon the proposal of the United States Delegation. The delegation was subsequently informed that the director and officers of the Berne Bureau felt highly complimented and gratified by the commendation of their work which was included in the United States proposal at this meeting.

The services of Dr. Breisig of Germany as chairman of Committee I deserve mention. He was unusually fair and capable as a presiding officer. His views and those of the German Delegation in general were opposed to the views of the United States Delegation on such major matters as the setting up of permanent committees. When it became established that his view was not to prevail, he effectively kept the discussion and the spirit of the reports quite in harmony with the majority view. This required him in some instances to overrule various delegates who endeavored by a twist of wording to reinstate in various proposals phrases which expressed the minority view which had been previously defeated. The United States Delegation is particularly indebted to him for this, in view of the limited knowledge of French of most of the members of the United States Delegation.

It should be mentioned in conclusion that the attitude of the United States Delegation on the major issue in Committee I, that of continuing committees, was a surprise to the European delegates. They had almost without exception taken it for granted that such committees would be organized. Even the British Delegation, which supported the views of the United States in this matter, would have been willing to agree to the establishment of such committees, if their activities were limited to correspondence, rather than actual meetings of representatives. It was quite apparent that for the first few

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days the attitude of the United States Delegation on this matter gave rise to considerable suspicion and some resentment. There was apparently a fear that the United States was by this means trying to reduce the usefulness of the C. C. I. Radio. It is believed that this unfavorable attitude was dispelled, and that the interpretation placed by the United States Delegation on the provisions of the Washington Convention was willingly accepted by the other delegations as the only legal basis of action. The vigorous participation of the United States Delegation in all of the work of this meeting of the C. C. I. Radio, and its agreement to participate in future studies of the various questions which remained without final answer at this meeting of the C. C. I. Radio, taken together with the extensive discussions of the topics for this meeting which the United States had transmitted to the various governments in advance of this meeting (and which received many expressions of praise throughout the meeting), gave ample evidence that the United States is willing to do its full share in the work of the C. C. I. Radio.

Respectfully submitted,

J. H. DELLINGER

COMMITTEE II

Pursuant to delegation memorandum, the following report is submitted on the activities of Committee II, first congress of the C. C. I. Radio.

Committee II was presided over by General Ferrié. The United States representatives on this committee were General Gibbs, Dr. Jolliffe, Captain Warner, Mr. Ralph Heintz and Dr. Nathansohn.

Four topics on the C. C. I. Radio agenda were assigned to this committee for study:

Topic 2: What is the meaning to be given to power of a transmitter?

Topic 3: What is the meaning to be given to ultra-short, short, average and long waves? Topic 4: Recommendation for the practical application of Article

13 of the General Regulations of Washington with respect to the information concerning the normal radiation power of transmitters on ultra-short waves.

Topic 11: In so far as possible, making uniform the technical conditions imposed on the holders of amateur licenses.

Although the United States had prepared a discussion covering all of these topics, the two most important features from the United States' standpoint were:

The establishment of 6,000 kilocycles as the dividing point in Topic 3 between the classifications "high freuency" and "medium high frequency."

The subject of amateurs, wherein a tendency was manifest to suggest international uniformity in regulations along lines acceptable to Europe but unsuited to American use.

The results and solutions in the study of each of these four topics are recorded below.

TOPIC 2

This topic was referred to a subcommittee for study, Dr. Jolliffe representing the United States. The United States proposals appear in Proposal 67, VII, 2.1 Agreement was easily reached in subcommittee and the report thereof unanimously adopted by the committee. The conclusion is reached that the power of a transmitter is to be spoken of in terms of the power in the antenna. This power may be measured by various suggested methods, or estimated when necessary. For telegraphy this power is the antenna power with key closed; for telephony the conditions under which measurement is to be made are recited.

This solution is in accord with the major principle of the United States proposal. A more refined method of rating power, based upon field-strength measurements, proposed in our material, was not adopted. It was apparent from the discussions that the administrations in general were willing to supply detailed information about the radiation of their transmitters upon request, but that a simple method of power rating was desired for normal use. Result was satisfactory to the United States.

TOPIC 3

This topic was referred to a subcommittee for study, Dr. Jolliffe representing the United States. The United States recommendations on this question appear in Proposal 67, II. Agreement was readily reached in subcommittee and the report thereof unanimously adopted by the committee. The decision reached follows closely the United States suggestion, two of our proposed ranges being consolidated into one and the division between high frequencies and very high frequencies being put at 30,000 kilocycles instead of 23,000 kilocycles as we had proposed, but following our desires in every major respect.

[Post, pp. 258-60.-H. F. W.] [Post, pp. 234-6.-H. F. W.]

Considerable importance attached to the decision of the division. point between high frequencies and medium-high frequencies, since from an administrative standpoint this figure becomes a dividing point between long-distance frequencies properly subject to worldwide agreements and medium-long-range frequencies which should be the subject of regional agreements. This figure was set at 6,000 kilocycles, exactly in accord with our desires. Result of the study was satisfactory to the United States.

TOPIC 4

This topic was referred to a subcommittee for study, Dr. Jolliffe and Dr. Nathansohn representing the United States. This question is closely allied to Topic 2, on other than which the United States had no proposals on this general subject of power rating. Agreement was readily reached in subcommittee and the report thereof unanimously adopted by the committee. The recommendation is that radiation power on the high frequencies be indicated by reporting antenna power (determined by the methods provided in the answer to Topic 2) plus information on the character of the radiating system, particularly as to directivity. Suggestions for reporting data on the radiating system are annexed to the recommendation. Result was satisfactory to the United States.

TOPIC 11

Whereas Topics 2, 3 and 4 were solved by the committee with unanimous agreement, a pronounced divergence of viewpoint on the question of amateurs was apparent from the first. Throughout the handling of this matter, General Gibbs was the spokesman for the United States, with Dr. Jolliffe and Capt. Warner as advisers. Mr. Heintz was also present at all the discussions. The United States proposals on the subject appear in Proposal 67, VI, 1, 2, 3.1

Upon the initiation of discussion on this question in the committee, the United States spokesman proposed that each administration should remain free to determine for itself, within the limiting provisions of the Washington Convention, the regulations to be applied to its amateur stations, both because of the obvious difficulty in securing agreement on a question on which points of view differed so radically and because it was not felt to be within the province of the C. C. I. Radio, it having clearly been the intent of the Washington Convention to leave such technical details to individual administrations. This view was immediately supported by Canada, Great Britain, Spain and the U.S. S. R. Central European administrations, however, were inclined to insist upon the

[Post, pp. 256-7.-H. F. W.]

desirability of uniformity in these regulations, for a variety of reasons which seemed almost purely administrative in character. The chairman suggested a regional proposal on the subject, to which our spokesman objected on the grounds that, while quite proper per se, a regional matter should not be injected into the C. C. I. Radio findings. The chairman ruled that a group of nations had the same right to make a group proposal, for the committee's consideration, as had an individual administration. As a result, the following administrations grouped themselves in an informal committee to prepare a group proposal on the amateur question: France, Germany, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Norway, Poland, Rumania, the Netherlands, Italy, Japan, French Morocco, Belgian Congo, Tunisia. While this informal committee was preparing its proposal, the representatives of the United States discussed this question with the representatives of other nations who might be friendly to our view of the subject, particularly of the administrations of the Americas, inviting them to be present at the committee meeting when the subject again came up for discussion. When the proposal was submitted it was found to embrace a complete set of projected regulations for amateur stations, many of the provisions being administrative in character, in extension of the provisions of the Washington Convention and at variance with provisions therein which leave these determinations to each administration. The United States spokesman repeated the substance of his previous comments, characterizing the document as an interesting guide to the administrations which had collaborated in its preparation and unobjectionable if intended only for that purpose, but not to be entertained as a world-wide guide. This point of view was supported by spokesmen for the following administrations: Canada, Great Britain, Irish Free State, Mexico, U. S. S. R., China, Bolivia, Siam, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Colombia, Brazil, Chile; each emphasizing his desire that each administration be left free to make its own amateur regulations, within the limiting provisions of the Washington Convention. Although several of the central European administrations were represented, no one spoke further on behalf of the proposal. It was apparent that there was no possibility of its acceptance. The chairman therefore announced that the European recommendations would appear in the committee minutes as a proposal submitted but not accepted, a useful guide to the administrations framing them and interesting information to other administrations-to which point of view there was no objection.

This solution of the matter was in full accord with the viewpoint of the United States.