Report of the Special Joint Commission on Taxation and Retrenchment Made to the Legislature of New York (Legis. Doc. No. 80, Albany, 1920, pp. 155). This deals particularly with retrenchment of expenditures in cities and counties. Annual Report of H. J. Fullbright, State Tax Commissioner of Georgia 1919 (Atlanta, pp. 25). The French Commission in the United States (65 Broadway, New York), in Supplement Nos. 5 and 6 to the Fortnightly Survey of French Economic Conditions, gives an analysis of the new French tax law. Insurance Bulletin No. 275 of the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor presents a Comparison of Workmen's Compensation Laws of the United States and Canada up to January 1, 1920, prepared by Carl Hookstadt (Washington, Sept., 1920, pp. 140). In the Proceedings of the Casualty, Actuarial, and Statistical Society of America (59 John St., New York) for May 28, 1920, is a list of recent literature on casualty and social insurance covering pages 365-384. The following reports relate to industrial insurance: Report of the Workmen's Compensation Board of Nova Scotia (Halifax, pp. 31). Rules of the Michigan Industrial Accident Board (Lansing, pp. 29). Workmen's Compensation Law of the State of Michigan (pp. 61). Eighth Annual Report of the Industrial Insurance and Medical Aid Departments of Washington (Olympia, 1920, pp. 95). PERIODICALS The REVIEW is indebted to Robert F. Foerster for abstracts of articles in Italian periodicals, and to R. S. Saby for abstracts of articles in Danish and Swedish periodicals. Theory (Abstracts by Walton H. Hamilton) BODIN, C. Esquisse d'une conception et d'une ordonnance scientifique de l'économie. Rev. d'Econ. Pol., Jan.-Feb., Mar.-Apr., 1920. Pp. 21, 30. The nature of economic phenomena make it possible to establish a criterion of true utility to the community in terms of which we can distinguish between "the true or the good" and "the false or the bad" economics. CARVER, T. N. Changing the balance among economic factors. Scientia, May, 1920. Pp. 10. A general program for "a proper occupational balance in our population, and a proper balance between people and equipment of various kinds." COCKERELL, T. D. A. How to solve the industrial problem. Sci. Mo., July, 1920. Pp. 6. The immediate problem is for the state to impose standards of conduct upon industry. Yet since human society is dynamic its industrial problem, unlike that of a non-human society like the ants, cannot be reduced to final terms. DAVIDSON, D. Valutaproblemets teoretiska innebörd. Ek. Tids., Mar.-Apr., 1920. Pp. 53. Some aspects of the value theory in the light of certain recent Scandinavian experiences. DOPSCH, A. Werner Sombart, der moderne Kapitalismus. Archiv f. d. Geschichte d. Sozial., Jahrg. VIII, 1919. Pp. 53. A review of the last edition of Sombart's treatise and an attempt to determine its place in the literature of the development of capitalism. FAIRCHILD, H. P. Will the wage system last? Unpartizan Rev., July-Sept., 1920. Pp. 20. The wage system will not be abolished, but it will be gradually modified. FETTER, F. A. Price economics versus welfare economics. Am. Econ. Rev., Sept., 1920. Pp. 22. FETTER, F. A. Price economics versus welfare economics: contemporary opinion. Am. Econ. Rev., Dec., 1920. Pp. 20. HUXLEY, J. S. Recent work on heredity. Discovery, July, Aug., 1920. Pp. 5, 6. A non-technical account of the current state of knowledge upon the contribution of heredity to native human equipment. JANES, G. M. Scientific method in economics. Quart. Journ. of Univ. of N. Dak., Apr., 1920. Pp. 7. "Experience, history, and observation are the bases of social science. Economics may be both descriptive and theoretical, but in either case it must be based upon fact. The procedure is from facts to principles." KANTOR, J. R. A functional interpretation of human instincts. Psych. Rev., Jan., 1920. Human action proceeds from reaction complexes which are specific and which take shape within an institutional situation. A thrust at the argument, "It's against human nature." KITSON, H. D. Economic implications of the psychological doctrine of interest. Journ. Pol. Econ., Apr., 1920. To its recent economic discoverers "modern psychology" appears as "a mixture of MacDougall's theories of instincts and Freud's doctrine of suppressed desire." This is "an attempt to call attention to the implications for economic theory and practice resident within the important psychological doctrine of interest." KNOOP, D. Outstanding economic problems. Discovery, May, 1920. Pp. 3. The problem of high prices is really the problem of economic scarcity. This is due primarily to the war. KOTANY, L. The accuracy of labor. Quart. Journ. Econ., Aug., 1920. Pp. 12. The effect of the differences between individuals in "inborn" accuracy upon industrial technique and its expression in wages. DE LAGUNA, T. The sociological method of Durkheim. Phil. Rev., May, 1920. Pp. 13. It errs in giving primary importance to the political structure of society. "In attempting to fix with precision the nature of the ultimate terms of sociological explanation it issues in a dogmatic formalism which is wholly contradictory to the spirit of contemporary science." LYON, L. S. A functional approach to social-economic data. Journ. Pol. Econ., July, 1920. Pp. 36. A plan for a study of economic processes in terms of their social functions. MACDOUGALL, W. Motives in the light of recent discussion. Mind, July, 1920. OGBURN, W. F. Psychological basis for increasing production. Ann. Am. Acad., July, 1920. Pp. 5. A discussion of "control in industry" as affecting "labor's contribution to the variability in the volume of production." PARKER, C. S. The human element in the machine process. Ann. Am. Acad., July, 1920. Pp. 6. The unrest of today "is merely the accumulation of 150 years of domination" "by the machine" over human nature slowly moulded through countless ages. PATTEN, S. N. Cosmic processes. Monist, July, 1920. Pp. 37. PERKINS, J. F. Economic fallacies and industrial progress. Harvard Grad. Mag., June, 1920. Pp. 16. A typical layman's "refutation" of the "fallacies" underlying the argument for a greater control over business. PERSONS, C. E. Recent textbooks. Quart. Journ. Econ., Aug., 1920. Pp. 19. A review of recent elementary texts in economics, among others those by Turner and Clay. SARKER, B. K. The theory of property, law and social order in Hindu political philosophy. Intern. Journ. Ethics, Apr., 1920. Pp. 20. SCHAUB, E. L. A sociological theory of knowledge. Phil. Rev., July, 1920. Pp. 21. A review of Durkheim's interpretation of human experience. The natural endowments of individuals are much greater than he estimated. SENSINI, G. La teoria di Ricardo sui diversi effeti del prestito e dell'imposta. Giorn. d. Econ., Feb., 1920. Pp. 19. SHADWELL, A. Capitalism. Edinburgh Rev., July, 1920. Pp. 15. The first of a series of articles provoked by Tawney's Acquisitive Society. "The economic difference between ancient, mediaeval, and modern society is in scale, complexity, and form, not in the plutological principle." SHARP, F. C. The problem of a fair wage. Intern. Journ. Ethics, July, 1920. Pp. 22. An attempt to find in human needs principles for standards that can be used in arbitral wage determination, with an incidental discussion of women's wages. SHELDON, W. H. Social tyranny. Phil. Rev., March, 1920. Pp. 10. “The deepest need of our time is that principle of duality which corrects exclusive individualism and exclusive sociality alike." SILVERSTOLPE, G. Jevon's Kapitalbegrepp. Ek. Tids., Dec. Supp., 1919. Pp. 8. A study of Jevon's concept of capital. SOMMARIN, E. Kapital. Ek. Tids., Dec. Supp., 1919. Pp. 8. A discussion of the term capital as popularly used and as used in economic literature. SMALL, A. W. A prospectus of sociological theory. Am. Journ. Soc., July, 1920. Pp. 38. Three separate introductions to a course dealing with "the nineteenth century drive towards objectivity in social sciences." Social science should behave itself and be objective. WARREN, E. H. Taxation of stock dividends as income. Harvard Law Rev., May, 1920. Pp. 17. An incidental contribution towards a clarification of the economic concept of income. WOLFE, A. B. Some psychological aspects of industrial reconstruction. Pubs. Am. Sociol. Soc., XIV, 1919. Pp. 15. "The way out of the present chaos of conflict can be only in democracy-in substitution in our national psychology of the democratic ethics for the master-and-servant ethics" and in "knowledge of actual industrial conditions." WRIGHT, H. W. The basis of human association. Journ. Phil. Psych. & Sci. Method, July 20, 1920. Pp. 10. A discussion of the contribution of "the group of instincts" at the root of our industrial activities "to coöperation and association." WRIGHT, H. W. Rational self-interest and the social adjustment. Intern. Journ. Ethics, July, 1920. Pp. 10. An argument against the theory of classical economics that "true knowledge of the essential identity of all human interests is all that is needed to eliminate from social duty the supposed necessity of self-sacrifice." "It is the exclusiveness of individuality which must be destroyed." The basis of wages. New Statesman, Apr. 17, 1920. Pp. 2. "The general principle of justice is that the whole available income of the community shall be so distributed among the whole people that no inequality causes hardship, that all inequality that exists bears some definite relation to service rendered, to special needs, or to special hardship or dullness of occupation, and that all inequality is based upon a high minimum standard of universal equality." Economic History (United States) (Abstracts by Amelia C. Ford) Indiana BOGGS, M. Americanism one hundred years ago. (Editor's title.) Mag. Hist., Mar., 1920. Pp. 4. A private letter, written October 30, 1816, which refers to prices of land and farm products, to wages and taxes, at that time in Allegheny county, near Pittsburgh. BURR, G. L. Public utility credit and the development of the Southwest. Stone & Webster Journ., June, 1920. Pp. 14. Discusses reasons for the decline in popularity of public utility issues, measures necessary to correct the situation, and the unlimited field offered to public service corporations in the Southwest. CAMPBELL, E. F. New Orleans in early days. Geog. Rev., July, 1920. Pp. 6. Summarizes the staple products of Louisiana during the colonial period, and refers briefly to the river trade. CARSON, W. W. Transportation and traffic on the Ohio and Mississippi before the steamboat. Miss. Valley Hist. Rev., June, 1920. Pp. 13. Describes the unique types of river craft evolved in the years after the Revolution, with some statistics as to the volume of river trade. CUNNINGHAM, C. H., ed. A group of four financial reports relating to Louisiana, 1766-1788. Miss. Hist. Rev., Dec., 1919. GOODWIN, C. L. Early explorations and settlements of Missouri and Arkansas, 1803-1822. Mo. Hist. Rev., Apr.-July, 1920. Pp. 40. Contains facts about trade, land prices, land speculation, surveys, farming, and mail service. HARPER, R. M. Some relations between soil, climate and civilization in the southern red hills of Alabama. S. Atlantic Quart., July, 1920. Pp. 15. A statistical analysis of two neighboring regions differing in fertility, which brings out four general principles as to density of population, percentage of negroes, contrasts between the races, and price of land. HENDERSON, G. A country boy begins life in Pittsburgh. Western Pa. Hist. Mag., Jan., 1920. Pp. 12. Includes some facts as to the river traffic at Pittsburgh in 1857, and the work and wages of an office boy in a drygoods store at that time. MONSEN, I. Interesting recollections of a pioneer woman. Lindbergh's Nat. |