molopium tenerrimum of Nees, which, however, is distinguished by its smoothness as well as smaller size, the more exserted ligules, uniserial pappus, and glabrous, mostly four-ribbed achenia. It belongs therefore to the following section.

§ 3. TETRAMOLOPIUM (Tetramolopium, Nees, pro parte).Achenia breviuscula, quadricostata, nempe costis 2 marginalibus validis, 2 facialibus angustioribus, his raro inconspicuis quandoque geminatis. Pappus uniserialis. Capitula nunc solitaria ligulis exsertis, nunc parva corymbosa ligulis pluriserialibus discum haud superantibus, floribus disci paucis vel paucissimis.

V. TENERRIMA (Aster tenerrimus, Less. Tetramolopium tenerrimum, Nees): suffruticulosa, glabra, cæspitoso-multicaulis; foliis in caulibus (brevissimis seu decumbentibus) confertis lineari-spathulatis uninerviis aveniis parce hispidulo-ciliatis basi longe attenuatis; pedunculis solitariis gracilibus bracteis pluribus setaceis instructis; ligulis uniseriatis discum pluriflorum superantibus tubo subæquilongis; acheniis obovatooblongis 4-5-costatis; pappo uniseriali æquali.-Oahu, Chamisso, Macrae. The character from a specimen collected by Macrae.

V. REMYI (sp. nov.): fruticosa, corymboso-ramosissima, glabra; foliis secus ramulos confertissimis acerosis deorsum leviter attenuatis supra canaliculatis; pedunculis terminalibus solitariis elongatis puberulis bracteis parvis setaceis instructis monocephalis ; involucri hemisphærici squamis lineari-subulatis margine vix scariosis; ligulis biseriatis discum pluriflorum superantibus tubo breviusculo subduplo longioribus; acheniis appresse hirsutulis obovato-oblongis quadricostatis; pappo albo uniseriali. Maui, Sandwich Islands, coll. Remy, no. 239.- This is a shrub, at least a foot or two in height, with rigid branches squarrose with the crowded leaf-scars, the laricine leaves much crowded on the ultimate branchlets; the heads about as large as those of V. tenerrima. It is the only species known in which the ligules are decidedly longer than their tube. Although it is not surprising that Lessing should have failed to recognize the close relationship of his Erigeron lepidotus with his Aster tenerrimus, he would surely have associated them had he known the present species, which, with the inflorescence and the exserted ligules of the former, has the habit of the latter, especially of the variety arbuscula.

V. CHAMISSONIS (Erigeron lepidotus, Less. E. pauciflorus, Hook. & Arn.): fruticosa, ramosissima, glabella; ramulis corymbosis puberulis usque ad apicem foliosissimis; foliis lineari-lanceolatis seu linearibus

basi sensim attenuatis et sæpius hirsuto-ciliatis integerrimis subdentatis rariusve laciniato-incisis creberrime papuloso-punctulatis submembranaceis venulosis; pedunculis brevibus filiformibus corymboso-oligocephalis; capitulis parvis (2 lin. longis); involucri squamis lineari-lanceolatis acutis vel acuminatis; ligulis 15 - 20 tubo sub-brevioribus flores disci 5-10 vix superantibus stylis plerumque longioribus ; acheniis obovatooblongis parce hirtellis vel glabratis quadricostatis, costis marginalibus calloso-incrassatis, facialibus angustioribus nunc fere obsoletis raro geminatis; pappo uniseriali. Kaala Mountains, Oahu.

Var.? ARBUSCULA: foliis secus ramulos ultimos confertissimis rigidioribus angustioribus nunc fere filiformibus; pedunculis abbreviatis ; capitulis paucioribus majoribus. - On the Great Crater of the eastern part of Maui, Sandwich Islands. - This would naturally be taken for a distinct species, and may prove to be so. The heads are decidedly larger than those of V. Chamissonis, being three lines in diameter, and the flowers more numerous, but similar.

V. CONSANGUINEA (sp. nov.): fruticosa, corymboso-ramosissima, glabella; ramulis usque ad apicem foliosissimis; foliis lineari-lanceolatis seu lineari-spathulatis basi attenuatis et subciliatis integerrimis (raro 1-2-dentatis); pedunculis brevibus corymbosis mono-oligocephalis ; capitulis parvis (2 lin. longis); involucri pluriseriali squamis linearioblongis obtusissimis scarioso-marginatis, margine creberrime denticulato-ciliato; ligulis 25-30 tubo subæquilongis flores disci adæquantibus; acheniis V. Chamissonis sed glabris.- Sandwich Islands, on Hawaii and the mountains of Kauai. Much resembles the preceding, but the involucre is more imbricated, its scales broader, very obtuse, and bordered with a more definite scarious margin, which is fringed with fine and close denticulations: the ligules are more numerous.

V. ARENARIA (sp. nov.): suffruticosa, laxe ramosa, hirtella; ramis usque ad apicem foliosis; foliis lanceolatis seu oblongo-lanceolatis basi attenuatis hirto-ciliatis integerrimis mucronatis; capitulis (3 lin. diametr.) breviter pedunculatis corymbosis; involucri squamis linearibus acutis submembranaceis; ligulis plurimis (30-35) tubo brevioribus flores disci 59 subæquantibus; acheniis oblongis quadricostatis hirsutulis seu glabratis; pappo uniseriali, setis inæqualibus. - Sandwich Islands, on sand-hills of Maui, and district of Waimea, Hawaii.

V. CONYZOIDES (sp. nov.): fruticosa, ramosissima, cinereo-pubescens ; ramulis usque ad apicem foliosis; foliis angusto-lanceolatis basi longe attenuatis integerrimis membranaceis; capitulis minimis compluribus

congestim corymbosis; involucri squamis linearibus subacutis; ligulis plurimis brevissimis pappum uniserialem adæquantibus stylis suis brevioribus; flore hermaphrodito sæpius unico; acheniis parce hirsutulis 2-4-costatis. Sandwich Islands, on the sand-hills of Maui. — The facial ribs of the achenia are often obsolete. If the species which connect it with the original Tetramolopium were unknown, this would surely be referred to the Cœnotus section of Erigeron.

CALOTIS PALMATA (sp. nov.): hispido-pubescens; foliis cuneatis seu flabelliformibus palmato-3-5-fidis (nunc pedatifidis) inferne longe quasi in petiolum alatum attenuatis basi leviter auriculatis, summis linearibus oblongisve integerrimis vel apice tridentatis ; involucro biseriali fere 20-phyllo; acheniis complanatis lævibus; pappo e paleis 2 - 4 et aristis 1-2 versus apicem parce retrorsum aculeolatis. - Hunter's River, New South Wales. An herbaceous species, with larger heads than those of C. dentex. Cunningham's C. dilatata has the awns of the pappus similarly but more sparingly barbed; but its leaves are not lobed, and the basal auricles are more conspicuous.

LAGENOPHORA PICKERINGII (sp. nov.): foliis hirsutis primum villoso-lanatis oblongis ovalibusque in petiolum attenuatis repando-dentatis; scapo gracili nudo; involucri squamis linearibus fere glabris; acheniis radii oblongo-lanceolatis erostratis insigniter costatis glaberrimis, disci sterilibus.- Mountains of Muthuata, one of the Feejee Islands. Among the largest species of the genus, the scape 6 to 8 inches high, but the head is proportionally rather small, in fruit only three lines in diameter. The achenia are coarsely striated by 8 or 10 strong and salient ribs (in a manner unknown in other species), not beaked, but terminated by an epigynous disk about the size of the basal callus.

APLOPAPPUS POPPIGIANUS, var. RADIATUS (Diplopappus Pappigianus, Hook. & Arn., forma eradiata. Aplopappus sericeus, Phi

lippi) humilis, fruticosus; foliis secus ramos breves confertissimis anguste lanceolatis rigidis utrinque attenuatis cuspidatis integerrimis undique sericeis; pedunculis elongatis nudis parce setaceo-bracteatis monocephalis; involucri hemisphærici squamis lineari-subulatis glanduloso-puberulis, apicibus squarroso-patentibus; ligulis discum vix superantibus; acheniis sericeis. Chili, on the Andes above Santiago. The rigid, entire, silvery-silky, Protea-like leaves are crowded on the short and tufted woody branches. Head rather larger than that of A. pulchellus.

VOL. V.

16

APLOPAPPUS MACRÆANUS, will be a proper name for Pyrrocoma (Chromochata) angustifolia, DC., P. Macræana, Remy in Gay. Fl. Chil.?), in honor of one of its discoverers.

APLOPAPPUS PARVIFOLIUS (Pyrrocoma parvifolia, DC.), although nearly related to the last, is known by its smaller leaves and heads, and thinner, acutish scales of the involucre. The genus Pyrrocoma cannot be sustained upon the rayless heads, as De Candolle and Remy would have it; for intimately related, and even identical species are both radiate and rayless in different specimens, and the original Pyrrocoma has rays, as was long ago shown; the shape and the smoothness of the achenia also fail as characters; the form of the involucral scales offers no definite distinction, and the color of the pappus is of no account. That of A. Macræanus varies from deeply rufous to fulvous. A.? (Pyrrochata) Hænkei, DC., is Corethrogyne filuginifolia, and was doubtless collected in California.

NARDOPHYLLUM REVOLUTUM, DC. To this belongs Dolichogyne stæhelinoides and D. gnaphalioides, DC. (D. Candollei, Remy). Contrary to Weddell's opinion, it seems clear that Remy's second thought (in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 12, p. 184) was best, when he approximated Dolichogyne DC. to Dr. Hooker's section of Chiliotrichum, his genus, Anactinia. The wonder is that he did not combine such evident congeners. Dolichogyne, however, is antedated by Nardophyllum, Hook. & Arn. Here it is again remarkable that De Candolle, who had established the latter genus upon Hooker and Arnott's data, did not suspect its identity with his subsequent Dolichogyne, probably because he had ascribed to the former "antheræ basi bisetosa" and "pappus plumosus." The anthers, like the corolla, are strictly Asterineous, and the bristles of the pappus moderately barbellate along their thicker upper part, not "plumose," as Hooker and Arnott write in their generic character, and hardly "subplumose" as they give it under the species. As to Weddell's extension of Dolichogyne to include (in his section Tola) three species with heterogamous flowers, the pistillate ones incipiently ligulate, I remark that the adoption of this view would merge the whole in a still older genus, Lepidophyllum, Cass., which differs only in having the ligules a little more developed (yet often bilabiate or irregularly cleft), and the pappus of stouter bristles. The leaves of Lepidophyllum cupressiforme are indeed opposite; but both opposite and alternate leaves occur in the nearly allied South African genus Pteronia; and the difference between L. cupressiforme and L.

Meyeni (Baccharis quadrangularis, Meyen, Dolichogyne lepidophylla, Wedd.) is paralleled in Pteronia and Aplopappus, &c. I should therefore propose to keep up the two genera, Lepidophyllum and Nardophyllum, and refer to the former (as above) Weddell's Dolichogyne lepidophylla, which he has figured, and probably his D. rigida and D. rupestris, with linear leaves. The nearest relatives of both genera (if we may distinguish them as genera) inhabit the corresponding cool and dry portion of the northern part of the American Continent, where they constitute similar features in the vegetation, i. e. are mostly social, frutescent plants on naked plains or plateaux,- Nuttall's Chrysothamnus (section of Linosyris, Torr. & Gray) strictly representing Nardophyllum, and his Ericameria being analogous to Lepidophyllum. Taken in connection with geographical distribution, slight characters in the pappus (though weakened in L. (Chrysothamnus) Bigelovii) and in the style may serve to separate the North American from the South American species. Yet in a general system and under a truer valuation of generic characters, they may well be combined. To Nardophyllum belongs :

NARDOPHYLLUM KINGII the Chiliotrichum Kingii, Hook. f. Fl. Antarc., this being a strict congener of N. revolutum, and therefore the following, of which I have no specimens to examine; and which perhaps are not all specifically distinct : —

NARDOPHYLLUM HUMILE.

tinia Hookeri, Remy.

NARDOPHYLLUM DARWINI.

Chiliotrichum humile, Hook. f. Anac

Chiliotrichum Darwini, Hook. f.

NARDOPHYLLUM CHILIOTRICHOIDES. Dolichogyne chiliotrichoides, Remy. Weddell's Dolichogyne armata, with the branches of the style subspatulate and obtuse, appears doubtful.

BACCHARIS GILLIESII (sp. nov. B. paucidentata, var. ß. Hook. & Arn. pl. masc.): herbacea e basi lignescente, glabra, humilis; caule ramosissimo; ramis corymbosis gracilibus striato-angulatis foliosis, ultimis capitulo solitario terminatis; foliis sessilibus leviter uninerviis aveniis, caulinis linearibus basi attenuatis integerrimis seu dentes 2-4 patentes gerentibus, ramealibus parvis angustissimis; involucro campanulato, squamis oblongis obtusissimis coriaceis dorso herbaceis margine tenuiter scariosis apice lanato-ciliatis; acheniis glaberrimis; pappo fœmineo involucrum ter superante. - Rio Negro, North Patagonia : also gathered by Tweedie, and at Buenos Ayres by Gillies. One specimen in the Hookerian herbarium is ticketed B. nana, Don, a