124

ANTHONY WOOD'S FATHER.

and sun of all the Mathematicians of his time,' Thomas Allen, the reputed magician, at whose instance Camden, in 1622, appointed Wheare first professor of the history chair founded by him, in preference to Brian Twyne. Wheare's Method of reading histories was still in use at Cambridge in 1700. Clerk of the Market 1617. He became Principal of Gloucester Hall (1626-47), which his abilities raised from absolute épnuía dvopov to its highest point of prosperity, and of which he completed the then chapel and other buildings. Wheare died in 1647, and was buried in Exeter Chapel under the eagle, his study in books and manuscript collections passing to Francis Rous. 'He was esteemed by some a learned and gentile man, and by others a Calvinist.' He had been Pym's tutor at Broadgates, and through him Rous entered there. Charisteria, 1628, is dedicated to Pym.

For his son's sake I here mention THOMAS WOOD, born at Islington January 29, 1589. He entered Broadgates June 20, 1600, but migrated to Corpus Christi, where he had obtained a clerk's place; B.A. 1604. While still an undergraduate he led to the altar one Margaret Wood, whom his son calls an antient and rich maid,' with part of whose portion, and £500 left him by his parents, he bought land at Tetsworth, Oxon, which he for a time cultivated. In 1608 he bought for a residence Postmasters Hall, opposite to Merton, and in 1616 purchased the lease of the Flower de Luce Inn, near Carfax. On March 10, 161, he graduated in Civil Law from Broadgates, and afterwards obtained some legal practice. As he was exempted from the jurisdiction of Clarencieux king of arms, it has been thought that he held some college office. But there is no proof of this.

After the decease, in 1621, of his wife, who left him her entire fortune, Thomas Wood tried his fate in a new direction and took secundis nuptiis the Mary Pettie1 whom as a child, many years before, he had dandled in his arms and promised some day to wed, now a wealthy young lady. She bore him six sons, of whom Anthony, the fourth, was born Dec. 17, 1632. He saw the light in Postmasters or Portionists Hall, and grew up native to every stone and every memory of the Oxford for whose history his affectionate industry was to do so much. In October, 1630, Thomas Wood refused to accept knighthood and paid the fine. In 1636 he took little Anthony to see the 'glorious train' which escorted the King down St. Aldate's Street to Christ Church gate, a sight which the boy never forgot. In 1642 Oxford became a centre of military affairs, two of his lads ran off to go soldiering for the King, and Thomas Wood himself

Several of the Petties were buried in St. Aldate's church.

MORGAN GODWYN.

125

had to shoulder a musket in the University train bands. His affairs suffered through the war; he had to give up Postmasters Hall for a residence for the Master of the Rolls, Lord Culpepper, and the family plate went to the royal mint at New Inn Hall, including Anthony's christening mugs. Thomas Wood died Jan. 19, 164, and is buried in Merton ante-chapel. He was ‘a fat and corpulent man.'

MORGAN GODWYN, a native of Anglesea, son of Bishop Francis Godwyn (whose memory, says à Wood, 'cannot but be precious in succeeding ages for his indefatigable travel in collecting the succession of all the Bishops of England and Wales'), and grandson of Dr. Thomas Godwyn, Bishop of Bath and Wells, migrated from Christ Church to Pembroke, whence he took B.C.L. July 6, 1627.

He afterwards incorporated at Dublin. He was master of Newland Free School, canon of Hereford, and was made by his father archdeacon of Salop 1631, rector of English Bicknor 1639, and of Lydney 1641. In December, 1645, the Assembly of Divines reported that 'he hath wholly deserted the same, and betaken himself to the forces against the Parliament.' He is said to have died in 1645 (i. e. before Lady Day, 1646). He is the translator of Bishop Godwyn's Annales Rerum Anglicarum.

FATHER BAKER, ecclesiastical historian, I have put among the divines.

CHAPTER XI.

DIVINES.

An important part of the career of BISHOP JOHN JEWELL connects him with Broadgates. When the President of Corpus Christi boasted that his foundation alone had kept its treasury and ornaments entire, he received the reply, 'You have done so indeed; but you have wilfully lost one Jewell and great treasure far more precious than any of them.' Fuller says1:

:

'On his refusal to be present at mass and other popish solemnities, he was driven out of the College and retired himself to Broadgates-Hall, where he continued for a time in great danger. . . . As for Mr. Jewel he continued some weeks in Broadgates-Hall, whither his scholars 2 repaired unto him, whom he constantly instructed in learning and religion.... He had not lived long in Broadgates Hall, when by the violence of the popish inquisitors being assaulted, on a sudden, to subscribe, he took a pen in his hand and, smiling, said, “Have you a mind to see how well I can write?" and thereupon underwrit their opinions. Thus the most orient Jewel on earth hath some flaws therein.'

The Principal of Broadgates, Randolph, was a friend of Jewell's, and he continued to lecture there, but no longer publicly. In Lawrence Humphrey's Joannis Juelli Angli Vita (p. 77) he tells us :

'Ex hoc Collegio detrusus Iuellus primum exulavit quasi in Aula Lateportesi, in qua privatim more suo quosdam instituit, et multos sane auditores velut Magnes attraxit: nam ut alii complures assectabantur, sic Discipuli, praeceptore fugato, amplius in Collegio manendum sibi non existimabant. Aequo diutius Oxoniae haerens, novis legatis haereticae pravitatis Inquisitoribus derepente superveniêtibus, consensum in fide Romana ab omnibus subito et severe exigentibus, ac contra recu

1 Church History, viii. 10-15.

Among others Roger Prynne and Edward Anne. The latter had been whipt in the hall of Corpus for writing doggerel against the Mass, a lash for every verse. He afterwards became a fellow of All Souls. As Jewell by papists, so Hooker was driven from Corpus by puritans.

JEWELL AT BROADGATES.

127

santes dira fulmina Papaliter ejaculantibus, tandem in arcta angustumq; conclusus: Quid, inquit, subridens, An me quoq; scribere necesse est? et meam manum videre volupe est? et cordi vobis est periculum facere quam eleganter sciam pingere litteras? Ita praefatus, invita et properante manu nomen scripsit, et Chirographo suo visus est certa Papisticae doctrinae capita hoc modo comprobare. Sic, proh dolor, Petrus in aula Põtificis aliquanto lõgius et plus satis se ad igne calefaciens Christu negavit' (p. 84).

The place where the subscription took place was St. Mary's. Fuller speaks of Jewell's residence at Broadgates as extending over 'some weeks,' but after a visit to London he returned to Oxford, and there lingered and waited.' It was soon after Mary's accession, in July, 1553, that he migrated to Broadgates. On Jan. 24, 155

1

Pridie Pauli'), Jewel' dates a letter to Parkhurst, ' E Latis Portis, ubi exul aetatem ago, et Randolphus mecum una, misere uterque, sed melius fortasse quam illi volebant quibus hoc molestum est quod vivimus.' In April, 1554, Jewell acted as notary to Cranmer and Ridley in their Oxford disputation. His recantation probably took place in October. After his flight from Broadgates, he reached Frankfurt, March 13, 155. The account given in the Life prefixed to the 1611 edition of Jewell's Works is as follows:

·--

'After his expulsion hee staied himselfe a while at Brodegates Hall, where fame of his learning drew many scholars unto him.' The University however chose him 'in this shipwracke of his estate to be her Oratour. In whose name he curiously penned a gratulatory letter to Queene Mary,' whose promise not altogether to change the Religion 'stayed Jewel so long in Oxford till the Inquisition caught him.... Howbeit, this subscribing, as it much obscured the glorie of his persecutions, so it nothing procured his safetie; because his familiar conversing with Peter Martyr was euidence enough against him; and D. Martial Deane of Christs Church had certainly caught him in a snare laied for him, had he not by the speciall providence of God gone that verie night when hee was sought for a wrong way to London, and so escaped their hands. . . . I would most willingly have laid my finger upon this foule scarre, but the truth of love must not prejudice love of truth.... Jewel almost assoone as he came to Frankford made an excellent sermon, and in the end of it openly confessed his fall in these words: It was my abject and cowardly minde and faint heart that made my weake hand to commit this wickednesse. Which when he had brought forth with a gale of sighs from the bottome of the anguish of his soule, and had made humble supplication for pardon, first to Almighty God, whom he had offended, and afterwards to the Church, which he had scandalized; no man was found in that great Congregation who was not prickt with compunction and wounded

1 'Aestatem' in the Parker Society's edition of Jewell's Works.

...

128

BISHOPS BLETHYN AND PHILLIPS.

with compassion; or who embraced him not even after that sermon as a most deare brother, nay, as an Angell of God.'

Among others who fled overseas in Mary's first year was RICHARD TREMAYNE, a Devonian (B.A. from Broadgates 1548). He was a noted preacher and had just been chosen fellow of Exeter. On Elizabeth's accession he became archdeacon of Chichester, and sate in the Convocation that established the Articles, being then canon and treasurer of Exeter cathedral. In 1565 he is described as of Broadgates Hall. He married Joan, daughter of Sir Peter Courtenay, and died in November, 1584.

The last Bishop on whom Parker laid hands (April 17, 1575) was WILLIAM BLETHYN, whom he had recommended to the Queen, as a Welshman and well qualified, for the long vacant see of Llandaff'. The archbishop dispensed him to hold the archdeaconry of Brecknock and other preferments, not exceeding £108 in worth, with his meagre bishoprick. Dying October, 1590, he was buried in the chancel of Matherne church, Monmouthshire, where the prelates of Llandaff had a seat. Blethyn had studied civil law 'in New Inn or Broadgates Hall, or in both.' B.C.L. Nov. 14, 1562. He was presented to the vicarage of Brampford Speke, Devon, in 1564, and to the parsonage of Twing, Yorkshire, in 1565.

Another Welshman, BISHOP JOHN PHILLIPS (1555-1633), who gave the Manxmen the Bible and Prayer-book in their own tongue, was first at St. Mary Hall, whence he took B.A. 1579; M.A. 1584; but this last degree he completed from Broadgates at an Act celebrated July 10, 1584.

After being preferred to several cures in Yorkshire, he became archdeacon of Man 1587 and of Cleveland 1601, and chaplain to Henry, Earl of Derby, King of Man. He succeeded Lloyd as bishop there 16052, retaining most of his preferments in commendam, the income of the see being not more than £140. The same year saw him rector of Hawarden. Phillips lived among his flock and was an exemplary Father in God. He obliged the clergy to preach, made parish registers obligatory, reduced to writing the orally transmitted canons of the island, and by 1610 had finished the Mannish Book of Common Prayer. It was not popular with the clergy, who were accustomed to extemporize. The governor too, John Ireland, was a puritan, and thwarted the bishop's endeavours to revive decency of worship. One of the latter's first acts was to commit to prison one who had disobeyed his warning that no man should irreverently lean or rest on the Comunion Table.' He now complained that Ireland had 'placed a layman in the chaplain's place to read service to the garrison in scandalous manner, vizt. in his doblett and hose, and

1

1 Strype, Life of Matthew, Archbishop of Canterbury, ii. 421; Ath. Ox.

2 Wood however says ' about 1614,' and is uncertain who was Lloyd's

successor.