8 105 26 6 33 G 7 48 5 27 6 31 7 265 296 29 7 14 7 45 818 8 53 Fr 5 57 5 33 6 22 9 31 Sa 5 345 34 6 21 G 10 M Th 5 125 35 6 19 Sun Sun Moon | H. w.Sun Sun Moon | H.w.||Sun Sun | Moon sets Ch'n. 25 8 405 40 6 11 2 10 6 45 40 6 10 11 51 morn. 111 40 morn. ISSISSIES 5 Day of Month. 0.37 morn. 7 48 even. 0 17 morn. 2 8 morn. H. M. D. Full Moon ...... 20 49 morn. Third Quarter... 8 8 0 ever. New Moon.... *1 0 29 morn First Quarter...24 2 20 morn. Full Moon ....31 0 3 even 144 morn. 25 11 44 11 11 27 morn.]] ........ Day of Week. Sun's declination S. and October, see page 1. CTOBER, 1849. Calendar for New-England, New-York State, Canada West, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Iowa. Calendar for NEW-YORK CITY; Connecticut, Calendar for Delaware, New-Jersey, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. Kentucky, and 31 Days. Calendar for Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, and Ark. Sun Sun Moon | H. w.Sun Sun Moon H.w.sun | Sun | Moon Sun | Sun Moon H. 10. sets N. Y.ris's sets sets ris's sets h. m.h.m. h.m. ris's sets sets Bost. ris's sets sets Ch'n h.m. b.m. h. m. h. m. h.m.h.m. h. m. b. m. h.m. h.m. 3 205 58 5 40 5 2 10 505 58 5 41 5 3 8 145 57 5 41 3 436 05 38 rises 11 275 59 5 39 rises 8 515 58 5 40 4 66 16 37 6 52 ev. 35 0 5 37 6 54 9 275 59 5 38 4 295 25 35 7 30 0 40 5 1 5 36 7 33 10 46 0 5 36 8 12 4 526 35 33 1 176 8 16 10 41 6 15 35 8 19 5 585 38 5 15 6 4 5 31 9 0 9 411 205 25 33 9 85 59 5 37 9 58 ev. 46 3 5 32 10 36 05 36 10 18 10 40 10 58 0 51 6 4 5 30 11 26 1 496 5 5 29 morn 6 2 596 65 27 2 12 317 4 22 7 486 10 5 21 8 31 6 11 5 20 9 8 6 12 5 18 7 40 10 526 15 5 14 6 9 49 23 Tu 11 33 6 24 5 4 10 42 24 W 11 54 5 25 5 3 11 38 9 6 11 57 6 18 5 11 9 25 10 33 2 336 20 5 8 9 55 morn 6 19 5 10 9 59 6 11 5 18 10 14 11 11 3 11 6 22 5 7 10 47 0 35 6 20 5 8 10 516 12 5 17 11 511 54 3 54 5 23 5 5 11 42 1 186 21 5 7 11 46 6 13 5 16 11 58 morn 4 47 6 24 5 4 morn 2 11 6 22 5 6 morn 6 13 5 15 morn 0 40 3 30 6 23 5 5 0 436 14 5 14 1 41 4 52 6 24 3 1 436 15 5 13 6 16 255 2 2 456 165 12 6 56 6 26 5 I 3 50 6 175 11 7 416 27 5 0 4 56 6 185 10 8 2016 294 58 rises 16 18 5 9 9 10 6 10 5 19 h. m. h. m. h.m. h.m. h. m. Calendar for New-England, Canada West, Michigan, and Iowa. Sun Sun Moon | H. w. Sun Sun | Moon H.w. Sun [Sun | Moon Calendar for Louisiana, and Ark. Sun | Sun | Moon | H. w. ris's sets rises Ch'n. h. m. h. m. 6 9 ev. 156 334 54 6 56 h. m.b.m. h.m. h. m. h.m. b.m. 3 Sa 15 12 6 38 4 49 G 15 306 39 4 48 5 M 15 496 40 4 47 9.48 6 Tu 16 7 6 42 4 45 7 W 16 246 43 4 44 8 Th 16 426 44 4 43 9 Fr 16 596 45 4 42 10 Sa 17 16 6 47 4 41 11 G17 336 48 4 40 12 M 17 496 49 4 39 13 Tu 18 56 514 38 10 54 morn 5 19 5 33 6 12 6 55 742 8 33 9 27 10 24 11 50 6 34 4 53 Tu 21 13 7 8 4 28 3 42 8 447 34 33 3 41 4 44 4 43 5 38 rises 52 5 53 6 24 7 10 For the MOON'S PLACE for November and December, see page 8 25 7 14 4 35 sets 9 2 7 15 4 35 5 43 9 39 7 15 4 36 6 32 10 126 164 36 7 25 10 457 17 4 36 7 29 6 594 54 1 21 7 22 4 32 8 20 11 19 7 17 4 37 8 23 6 59 4 55 1 55 7 22 4 33 9 17 11 62 7 18 4 37 9 20 7 0 4 55 9 30 10 28 2 28 7 23 4 33 10 15 morn 7 19 4 38 10 17 7 0 4 56 10 25 11 7 3 7 7 23 4 34 11 15 @ 31 7 19 4 38 11 167 14 56 11 21 11 48 2 48 7 24 4 34 morn 1 12 7 20 4 39 morn 7 14 57 morn morn 4 35 7 24 4 35 1 59 7 20 4 39 0 177 5 34 7 25 4 35 2 58 7 21 4 40 6 45 7 254 35 6 16 56 4 53 5 49 7 1 sets 6 574 53 sets 7 38 5 47 6 574 54 6 2 8 15 6 36 6 58 4 54 6 51 8 48 7 43 9 21 8 36 9.55 24 57 1 20 7 2 4 58 EXPLANATIONS.-Where practicable, the native State, or country, of public officers named, is annexed, usually in an abbreviated form. Many persons labor under the unfounded impression that citizens from other countries fill an undue proportion of the places of profit, power, honor and trust, in the U. S. Facts, however, are the best arguments Our political opponents are blamed for many things, but when the numbers of the adopted citizens are considered, no one will accuse Messrs. Polk, Dallas, Bancroft. Allen, Buchanan, Marcy, Walker, Cass, Jackson, Woodbury, and their associates, with tempting them with too many offices. The detailed expenditure for consuls, custom-houses, lights, envoys, the navy, seamen's protection, &c, will enable the reader to compare the cost of protecting foreign conmerce, with the charges on inland trade. POPULATION, VALUE OF PROPERTY, STATE DEBTS, ELECTIONS, SALARIES, &c. The old thirteen' States, with Vermont, contained 371,124 square miles; the thirty now incorporated contain 1,450,000, which, with the Great West, gives 3,311,110 square miles as the area of the territory of the Republic. The value of real and personal property is nearly 8,500 millions of dol lars. In 1775, the population was about 2,500,000; it is now (Nov. 30) estimated at 21,800,000. State held 1849. August 6. 616[1]August 6. 330,000 132 6 80,000 32 6 75,000 30 8 8 00,000 320 8 715,000 24 6 960,000 384 6 130,0 0 52 7 855,000 342 6 470,000 1885 [2] 600,00 240 6 495.000 1986 [3] October 3. 850,000 340 6 Nov. 12. 17.. Missouri.. 23.. Pennsylvania.. 4 300,00 12016 5 416,000 1666 34 2,780,000 1112 7 9 765,000 306 6 21 1,850,000 74016 2,125,000 850 6 Reuben Chapman, $3,500 Montgomery, October 1. Tho. S. Brown.[5].2,500 Tallahassee, Nov. 5. 24 2 130,000 52 6 7 605,000 242 7 April 4. August 2. 27..Texas.. 28.. Vermont.. 2 140,000 56- 1,270,000 508 6 30..Wisconsin.. 31..Terr. Oregon... 3 215,000 86 7[4] d. 1 25,000 8 August 9. Charles Manly....2,000 Raleigh, Santa Fé, None The thirteen original States. [1] By contract, as high as 10. [2] Bank Interest 6; conventional as high as 10. [3] And on tobacco contracts, 8. [4] On debts and judgments in favor of the United States 6 [5] William D. Moseley, Governor till July. [6] Including $1,500 as Superintendent of Indian Affairs. [7] Amount of State Debts, in 25 States, $205,637,338. THE ELECTION OF 1848. THE year hastening to a close as this the whole atmosphere, not of France only, Almanac is prepared for the press has but of Italy, Germany, Hungary and the been signalized by memorable revolu- | Principalities of the Lower Danube, and tions in Europe and America. Dissimilar their skies were lurid with the glare of in some of their aspects, they are yet one general conflagration. That conflagraidentical in their most vital principles. tion may be checked at this point and In either case, the essential end was the driven back on that; it may even seem to replacement of dynasties which had be overpowered and expiring; but it canceased to regard BENEFICENCE and the not be extinguished until it has burnt out widest diffusion of blessings as the chief of civilized Europe the last vestige of desend of government by others which should potic and aristocratic power. The burning prove more enlightened and faithful. In of the French Throne after the taking of monarchical Europe, the security or ag- the Tuileries typified the approaching degrandizement of the reigning family, the struction of all the thrones in Christendom. maintenance of Aristocratic caste, or The American Revolution of 1848 differpower, or affluence, had come to be practi-ed from that simultaneously proceeding in cally regarded by most Governments as Europe only as dictated on either side by their 'being's end and aim,' to which the the circumstances and genius of the Peohappiness, enlightenment and content-ple. Here, as across the Atlantic, a caste ment of the unprivileged millions were or clique had seized upon the reins of made of small account. Hence Ministerial Government and perverted the power of and Court intrigues, rigid Censorships of the State in subserviency to their own the Press, the increase of Armies, the sordid ends. What Legitimacy and Dimultiplication of Police, the exhaustion of vine Right were to the governing class in Treasuries and the increase of National the Old World, that Democracy and the Debts, until Public Credit was with diffi- related catch-words were to the governing culty sustained, while Employment for the class here. Instead of being a spirit of freePoor became scanty and precarious, dom and investigation, Democracy had beWages depressed and inadequate, and come a mask for self-seeking, a cloak for amthe condition of immense masses insup-bition and grasping intrigue. 'Weigh what portable. Yet while Bread grew scarce is offered on either hand, and judge imKnowledge was day by day more widely partially between them,' says ever True disseminated; the Steam-Press, the Pri-' Democracy. Ask no questions, but supmary School, even the Railroad, were, in' port the regular nominations,' says Sham spite of every obstacle, rapidly though Democracy-the Democracy of caucuses silently educating the People into a and office-seeking combinations: You may clearer understanding of their rights and indeed weigh testimony and judge; but wrongs, their misery and its authors: and' if you decide that we have not governed when the train was at length fired, partly faithfully-that our measures are not through accident, partly through kingly 'wise and beneficent, you prove yourself infatuation, and the despotism of Louis' an enemy of Popular Sovereignty, and thus Philippe had provoked the Resistance of 'unfit to judge of the matter at all.'February, all Europe (Russia excepted,) That none shall suspect us of mistake or was found ripe for Revolution. The torch exaggeration in the premises, we quote flung up by the workmen of Paris ignited the following passage from the letter of Gen. Lewis Cass, accepting the nomina-liberal appropriations for the improve- "From the days of Gen. Hamilton to our days, since it has, in the course of the incessant the party opposed to us-of whose principles he was the great exponent, if not the founder-mutations of party interest, become Demowhile it has changed its name, has preserved es- cratic to oppose those principles or measentially its identity of character; and the doubt he entertained and taught of the capacity of man sures, these votes are cast as unhesitatingfor self-government, has exerted a marked in fluence upon its actions and opinions. Here is ly on the other side. So in regard to other the very starting-point of the difference between questions. It is within the truth to asthe two great parties which divide our country.— All other differences are but subordinate and sume that the party which, in our political auxiliary to this, and may, in fact, be resolved struggles, has possessed itself of the De into it." Here you perceive the assertion, the mocratic name, has thereby secured an implication, and may discern the practical advantage over its antagonist fully equivimprovement. The assertion is that a alent to One Million Votes. party has existed and does exist in the And yet it became evident to keen obcountry which distrusts the capacity of servers, at the very outset of the late the People for self-government and is Presidential struggle, that the party wrapsecretly if not openly hostile to our entire ped in the mantle of Democracy was Republican system. But how shall an doomed to defeat unless saved by some alarmed people distinguish these traitors palpable blunder on the other side. The to Liberty from their fellow-citizens?reasons for this may be briefly summed up Very easily: If you find a man opposing as follows: the self-styled Democracy and the election 1. The expiring Administration came of Gen. Cass to the Presidency, you may into power tainted with fraud. Mr. Polk know there is one of the recreants. Sup- was elected President by the aid of voters port to Gen. Cass and his coadjutors is the attracted to his standard by the resolution touchstone of fidelity to Human Freedom. of the Convention which nominated him The practical improvement follows in-affirming that the right of this country to evitably: If you wish to be regarded as the whole of Oregon is clear and indisputa friend of Liberty, of America and of able,' and the clearly implied pledge that Man, you must vote to make Gen. Cass he, if elected, would enforce said right at President and keep his party in power, the cannon's mouth if necessary; by the though you may honestly believe their aid of voters who hold to the Protection line of policy pernicious and the measures of Home Labor by discriminating duties, they advocate most adverse to the public interests and general welfare. who were deluded by the Kane letter; by the votes of men conscientiously opPreposterous as this course of argument posed to the acquisition of Texas unless is, it has by skillful iteration acquired and with the free consent of Mexico, and on exerted an immense influence over the terms which should relieve our country popular mind. It is not too much to say from the dishonoring imputation of having that more than Half a Million Votes are loaned her flag and her arms to the cause thrown every year for the candidates of Slavery Extension. When the just extermed Democratic because they are so pectations of each of these classes were designated, and without one thought as blasted by the Oregon Treaty, the Tariff to how far their professions of superior of 1846, and the pushing forward of our Democracy are justified by their acts or troops to the Rio Grande, in the heart of their opinions. When it was Democratic, a Mexican Department, and directly opin the vocabulary of party strife, to sus-posite its chief city, leading inevitably to tain Protection to Home Industry and a bloody, protracted, expensive and deso |