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him the most ample power to decide and determine all the questions, both of law and fact, involved in the proceedings of the Government of Peru in the capture and confiscation of the ships Lizzie Thompson and Georgiana.

ART. II. The two contracting parties will adopt the proper measures to solicit and obtain the assent of His Majesty the King of Belgium to act in the office hereby conferred upon him.

After His Majesty the King of Belgium shall have declared his assent to exercise the office of arbiter, the two contracting parties will submit through their diplomatic agents residing at Brussels, to His Majesty copies of all the correspondence, proofs, papers, and documents which have passed between the two Governments or their respective representatives; and should either party think proper to present to said arbiter any other papers, proofs, or documents in addition to those above mentioned, the same shals be communicated to the other party within four months after the ratification of this convention.

ART. III. Both parties being equally interested in having a decision upon the questions hereby submitted, they agree to deliver to the said arbiter all the documents referred to in the second article within six months after he shall have signified his consent to act as such.

ART. IV. The sentence or decision of said arbiter, when given, shall be final and conclusive upon all the questions hereby referred, and the contracting parties hereby agree to carry the same into immediate effect.

ART. V. This convention shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged in the term of six months from the date hereof.

In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries of the two Governments have signed and sealed, with their respective seall, the present convention.

Done in the city of Lima, in duplicate, on the twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty two 1.

XVII. Brésil, Grande-Bretagne.

5 janvier 1863.

Cet arbitrage ne fut précédé d'aucun traité: il fut organisé par un simple échange de notes, dont le texte n'a pas été publié. Cet échange aurait eu lieu à Rio de Janeiro, le 5 janvier 1863, entre le marquis d'Abrantès, pour le Brésil, et M. Christie pour la Grande-Bretagne. Lord Russell accepta l'arbitrage, au nom de

1 Treaties and Conventions between the United States and other Powers, 1776 to 1887, p. 868.

cette dernière nation, par une lettre du 2 février 1863.

Sentence arbitrale du Roi des Belges dans le différend survenu entre la Grande-Bretagne et le Brésil au sujet de l'arrestation des officiers du bâtiment anglais La Forte, donnée à Laeken, le 18 juin 1863.

Nous Léopold, Roi des Belges, ayant accepté les fonctions d'arbitre qui nous ont été conférées de commun accord par la Grande-Bretagne et par le Brésil, dans le différend qui s'est élevé entre ces Etats au sujet de l'arrestation, le 17 juin 1862, par le poste de la police brésilienne situé à la Tijuca, de trois officiers de la marine britannique, et des incidents qui se sont produits à la suite et à l'occasion de cette arrestation;

Animé du désir sincère de répondre par une décision scrupuleuse et impartiale à la confiance que les dits Etats nous ont témoignée;

Ayant à cet effet dûment examiné et mûrement pesé tous les documents qui ont été produits de part et d'autre;

Voulant, pour remplir le mandat que nous avons accepté, porter à la connaissance des hautes parties intéressées le résultat de notre examen, ainsi que notre décision arbitrale sur la question qui nous a été soumise dans les termes suivants, à savoir:

Si dans la manière dont les lois brésiliennes ont été appliquées aux officiers anglais il y a eu offense envers la marine britannique;

Considérant qu'il n'est nullement démontré que l'origine du conflit soit le fait des agents brésiliens, qui ne pouvaient raisonnablement pas avoir de motifs de provocation;

Considérant que les officiers lors de leur arrestation n'étaient pas revêtus des insignes de leur grade, et que dans un port fréquenté par tant d'étrangers ils ne pouvaient prétendre à être crus sur parole lorsqu'ils se déclaraient appartenir à la marine britannique, tandis qu'aucun indice apparent de cette qualité ne venait à l'appui de leur déclaration; que, par conséquent, une fois arrêtés ils devaient se soumettre aux lois et règlements existants et ne pouvaient être admis à exiger un traitement différent de celui qui eût été appliqué dans les mêmes conditions à toutes autres personnes;

Considérant que, s'il est impossible de mé. connaître que les incidents qui se sont produits ont été des plus désagréables aux officiers anglais et que le traitement auquel ils ont été exposés a dû leur paraître fort dur, il est constant toutefois que, lorsque par la déclaration du vice-consul anglais la position sociale de ces officiers eut été dûment constatée, des mesures ont aussitôt été prises pour leur assurer des égards particuliers, et qu'ensuite leur mise en liberté pure et simple a été ordonnée;

Considérant que le fonctionnaire qui les a fait relâcher a prescrit leur élargissement aussitôt que cela lui a été possible, et qu'en agissant ainsi, il a été mû par le désir d'épargner à ces officiers les conséquences fâcheuses qui aux termes des lois devaient forcément résulter pour eux d'une suite quelconque donnée à l'affaire;

Considérant que, dans son rapport du 6 juillet 1862, le préfet de police n'avait pas seulement à faire la narration des faits, mais qu'il devait rendre compte à l'autorité supérieure de sa conduite et des motifs qui l'avaient porté à user de ménagements;

Considérant qu'il était, dès lors, légitimement et sans qu'on puisse y voir aucune intention malveillante, autorisé à s'exprimer comme il l'a fait;

Nous sommes d'avis que, dans la manière dont les lois brésiliennes ont été appliquées aux officiers anglais, il n'y a eu ni préméditation d'offense, ni offense envers la marine britannique.

Fait et donné en double expédition, sous notre sceau royal, au château de Laeken, le dix-huitième jour du mois de Juin, 1863 1. Léopold Ier.

XVIII. Etats-Unis d'Amérique, Pérou.

12 janvier 1863.

Cet arbitrage a été considéré, par plusieurs auteurs, comme une suite donnée à l'arbitrage du 20 décembre 1862, confié au Roi des Belges, Léopold Ir, mais décliné par lui à raison de difficultés matérielles et juridiques spéciales. Mais le fait que la décision prise par le Roi des Belges n'a été communiquée aux chancelleries intéressées qu'en janvier 1864, prouve qu'il s'agit bien dans l'espèce d'une contestation nouvelle. La sentence des arbitres n'a pas été publiée.

Convention for the settlement of claims made by the citizens of each country against the Government of the other, concluded at Lima, January 12, 1863.

The United States of America and the Republic of Peru, desiring to settle and adjust amicably the claims which have been made by the citizens of each country against the Government of the other, have agreed to make arrangements for that purpose by means of a convention, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries to confer and agree thereupon as follows:

The President of the United States, Christopher Robinson, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of said States to Peru, and the

1 CHARLES SAMWER et JULES Hopf (G. Fr. de Martens). Nouveau recueil général de traités. Tome XX, p. 486,

President of Peru, Dr José Gregorio Paz Soldan, the Minister of Foreign Relations and President of the Council of Ministers;

Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed as follows:

ART. I. All claims of citizens of the United States against the Government of Peru, and of citizens of Peru against the Government of the United States, which have not been embraced in conventional or diplomatic agreement between the two Governments or their Plenipotentiaries, and statements of which, soliciting the interposition of either Government, may, previously to the exchange of the ratifications of this convention, have been filed in the Department of State of Washington, or the Department of Foreign Affairs at Lima. shall be referred to a mixed commission composed of four members, appointed as follows: two by the Government of the United States, and two by the Government of Peru. In case of the death, absence, or incapacity of either Commissioner, or in the event of either Commissioner ceasing to act, the Government of the United States, or its Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Peru, acting under its direction, or that of the Republic of Peru, shall forthwith proceed to fill the vacancy thus occasioned.

ART. II. The Commissioners so named shall immediately after their organisation, and before proceeding to any other business, proceed to name a fifth person to act as an arbitrator or umpire in any case or cases in which they may themselves differ in opinion.

ART. III. The Commissioners appointed as aforesaid shall meet in Lima within three months after the exchange of the ratifications of this convention, and each one of the Commissioners, before proceeding to any business, shall take an oath, made and subscribed before the most Excellent Supreme Court, that they will carefully examine and impartially decide, according to the principles of justice and equity, the principles of international law and treaty stipulations, upon all the claims laid before them under the provisions of this convention, and in accordance with the evidence submitted on the part of either Government. A similar oath shall be taken and subscribed by the person elected by the Commissioners as arbitrator or umpire, and said oaths. shall be entered upon the record of the proceedings of said commission.

ART. IV. The arbitrator or umpire being appointed, the Commissioners shall without delay, proceed to examine and determine the claims specified in the first article, and shall hear, if

required, one person in behalf of each Government on each separate claim. Each government shall furnish at the request of either of the Commissioners, the papers in its possession which may be important to the just determination of any of the claims referred.

ART. V. From the decision of the Commissioners there shall be no appeal; and the agreement of three of them shall give full force and effect to their decisions, as well with respect to the justice of their claims as to the amount of indemnification that may be adjudged to the claimants; and in case the Commissioners cannot agree, the points of difference shall be referred to the arbitrator or umpire, before whom the Commissioners may be heard, and his decision shall be final.

ART. VI. The decision of the mixed Commission shall be executed without appeal by each of the contracting parties, and it shall be the duty of the Commissioners to report to the respective Governments the result of their proceedings; and if the decision of said Commissioners require the payment of indemnities to any of the claimants, the sums determined by the said Commissioners shall be paid by the Government against which they are awarded within one month after said Government shall have received the report of said Commissioners; and for any delay in the payment of the sum awarded after the expiration of said month, the sum of six per cent interest shall be paid during such time as said delay shall continue.

ART. VII. For the purpose of facilitating the labors of the mixed commission, each Government shall appoint a secretary to assist in the transaction of their business and to keep a record of their proceedings, and for the conduct of their business said Commissioners are authorised to make all necessary rules.

ART. VIII. The decisions of the Commission, or of the umpire in case of a difference between the Commissioners, shall be final and conclusive, and shall be carried into full effect by the two contracting parties. The Commission shall terminate its labours in six months from and including the day of its organization; provided, however, if at the time stipulated for the termination of said Commission any case or cases should be pending before the umpire and awaiting his decision, it is understood and agreed by the two contracting parties that said umpire is authorised to proceed and make his decision or award in such case or cases; and upon his report thereof to each of the two Governments, mentioning the amount of indemnity, if such shall have been allowed by him, such award shall be final and

conclusive in the same manner as if it had been made by the Commissioners under their own agreement; provided that said decision shall be made by said umpire within thirty days after the final adjournement of said Commission, and at the expiration of the said thirty days the power and authority hereby granted to said umpire shall cease.

ART. IX. Each Government shall pay its own Commissioners and secretary, but the umpire shall be paid, one-half by the Government of the United States and one-half by the Republic of Peru.

ART. X. The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in the term of four months from the date hereof.

In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same and affixed their respective seals.

Done in the city of Lima this twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three 1.

XIX. Grande-Bretagne, Etats-Unis d'Amérique. 1er juillet 1863.

Cette affaire a eu pour objet l'évaluation des indemnités dues par le gouvernement des Etats-Unis d'Amérique à la compagnie de la Baie de Hudson et à la compagnie agricole de Puget, du chef de la reprise des territoires occupés par ces deux compagnies. Il leur fut accordé respectivement 450,000 et 200,000 dollars.

Convention entre les Etats-Unis de l'Amérique septentrionale et la Grande-Bretagne, concernant le règlement définitif des réclamations faites par les compagnies de Hudson et de Puget, signée à Washington le rer juillet 1863.

The United States of America and Her Ma

jesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, being desirous to provide for the final settlement of the claims of the Hudson's Bay and Puget's Sound Agricultural Companies, specified in Articles III and IV of the treaty concluded between the United States of America and Great Britain on the 15th of June, 1846, have resolved to conclude a treaty for this purpose, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries that is to say:

The President of the United States of America, William H. Seward, Secretary of State; and Her

1 Treaties and Conventions between the United States and other Powers, 1776 to 1887, p. 870.

Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Right Honorable Richard Bickerton Pernell, Lord Lyons, a peer of her United Kingdom, a Knight Grand Cross of her most Honorable Order of the Bath and her Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States of America;

Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and conclued the following articles.

ART. I. Whereas by the III and IVth articles of the treaty concluded at Washington on the 15th day of June, 1846, between the United States of America and her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, it was stipulated and agreed that in the future appropriation of the territory south of the 49th parallel of north latitude, as provided in the first article of the said treaty, the possessory rights of the Hudson's Bay Company, and of all British subjects who may be already in the occupation of land or other property lawfully acquiered within the said territory should be respected, and that the farms, lands and other property of every description, belonging to the Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, on the north side of the Columbia River, should be confirmed to the said company, but that in case the situation of those farms and lands should be considered by the United States to be of public and political importance, and the United States Government should signify a desire to obtain possession of the whole or of any part thereof, the property so required should be transferred to the said Government at a proper valuation to be agreed upon between the parties;

And whereas it is desirable that all questions between the United States authorities on the one hand, and the Hudson's Bay and Puget's sound. Agricultural Companies on the other, with respect to the possessory rights and claims of those companies, and of any other British subjects in Oregon and Washington Territory, should be settled by the transfer of those rights and claims to the Government of the United States for an adequate money consideration:

It is hereby agreed that the United States of America and her Britannic Majesty shall within twelve months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, appoint each a Commissioner for the purpose of examining and deciding upon all claims arising out for the provisions of the above quoted articles of the treaty of June 15, 1846.

ART. II. The Commissioners mentioned in the preceding article shall, at the earliest con

venient period after they shall have been respectively named, meet at the city of Washington, in the District of Columbia, and shall, before proceeding to any business, make and subscribe. a solemn declaration that they will impartially and carefully examine and decide, to the best of their judgment, and according to justice and equity, without fear, favor, or affection to their own country, all the matters referred to them for their decision, and such declaration shall be entered on the record of their proceedings.

The Commissioners shall then proceed to name an Arbitrator or Umpire to decide upon any case or cases on which they may differ in opinion; and if they cannot agree in the selection, the said Arbitrator or Umpire shall be appointed by the King of Italy, whom the two high contracting parties shall invite to make such appointment, and whose selection shall be conclusive on both parties. The person so to be chosen shall, before proceeding to act, make and subscribe a solemn declaration, in a form similar to which shall already have been made and subscribed by the Commissioners, which declaration shall also be entered on the record of the proceedings. In the event of the death, absence or incapacity of such person, or of his omitting or declinary or ceasing to act as such Arbitrator or Umpire, an other person shall be named, in the manner aforesaid, to act in his place or stead, and shall make and subscribe such declaration as aforesaid.

The United States of America and Her Britannic Majesty engage to consider the decision of the two Commissioners conjointly, or of the Arbitrator or Umpire, as the case may be, as final and conclusive on the matters to be referred to their decision, and forthwith to give full effect to the same.

ART. III. The Commissioners and the Arbitrator or Umpire shall keep accurate records and correct minutes or notes of all their proceedings, with the dates thereof, and shall appoint and employ such clerk or clerks or other persons as they shall find necessary to assist them in the transaction of the business which may come before them.

The salaries of the Commissioners and of the clerk or clerks shall be paid by their respective Governments. The salary of the Arbitrator or Umpire and the contingent expenses shall be defrayed in equal moieties by the two Governments.

ART. IV. All sums of money which may be awarded by the Commissioners or by the Arbitrator or Umpire, on account of any claim, shall be paid by the one Government to the other in two equal annual instalments, whereof the first shall be paid within twelve months after the date

of the award, and the second within twenty-four months after the date of the award, without interest, and without any deduction whatever.

ART. V. The present treaty shall be ratified, and the mutual exchange of ratifications shall take place in Washington, in twelve months from the date hereof, or earlier if possible.

In faith whereof we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed this tretay, and have hereunto affixed our seals.

Done in duplicate at Washington, the first day of July, anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three 1.

Les ratifications de ce traité furent échangées le 3 mars 1864 et les commissaires devaient se réunir, aux termes dudit traité, dans les douze mois des ratifications. Ce ne fut pourtant que le 10 septembre 1869 que la décision arbitrale fut prononcée par eux, dans les termes concis et brefs qui suivent.

At a meeting of the Commissioners under the treaty of July 1st, 1863, between the United States of America and Her Britannic Majesty, for the final settlement of the claims of the Hudson's Bay and Puget's Sound Agricultural Companies, held at the city of Washington, on the 10th day of September 1869.

Present: Alexander S. Johnson, Commissioner on the part of the United States of America; John Rose, Commissioner on the part of Her Britannic Majesty.

The Commissioners having heard the allegations and proofs of the respective parties, and the arguments of their respective counsel, and duly considered the same, do determine and award that, as the adequate money consideration for the transfer to the United States of America of all the possessory right and claims of the Hudson's Bay Company, and of the Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, under the first article of the treaty of July 1st, 1863, and the third and fourth articles of the treaty of June 15th, 1846, commonly called the Oregon treaty, and in full satisfaction of all such rights and claims, there ought to be paid in gold coin by the United States of America, at the times and in the manner provided by the fourth article of the treaty of July 1st, 1863, on account of the possessory rights and claims of the Hudson's Bay Company, four hundred and fifty thousand dollars; and on account of the possessory rights and claims of the Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, the sum of two

1 Treaties and Convention between the United States and other Powers, 1776 to 1887, p. 467.

hundred thousand dollars; and that at or before the time fixed for the first payment to be made in pursuance of the treaty and of this award, each of the said Companies do execute and deliver to the United States of America, a sufficient deed or transfer and release to the United States of America, substantially in the form hereunto annexed.

In testimony whereof we, the said Commissioners, have set our hands to this award in duplicate, on the day and year and at the place aforesaid 1.

XX. Grande-Bretagne, Pérou.

Juillet 1863.

La contestation relative à l'arrestation prétenduement illégale du capitaine Melville White souleva, à l'époque où elle éclata, une polé mique ardente et vive, surtout de la part de la nation anglaise. L'arrestation survint le 23 mars 1861; le recours à l'arbitrage toutefois ne fut accepté qu'en juillet 1863, après avoir été proposé par le Pérou, le 27 janvier de cette année. Comme pour l'arbitrage entre la France et la Grande-Bretagne, du 14 novembre 1842, aucun compromis, sous forme de traité, ne fut signé par les hautes parties en cause: il ne fut échangé qu'une simple note verbale.

Note verbale entre la Grande-Bretagne et le Pérou, concernant le règlement des réclamations faites par la Grande-Bretagne à raison de l'arrestation du capitaine Melville White, signée à Londres en juillet 1863.

The Government of Her Britannic Majesty having been engaged in pressing on the Government of Peru the claim of Mr Melville White, a British subject, for a pecuniary compensation on account of sufferings and losses caused to him by the acts of Peruvian authorities, the two Governments have agreed that the question as to the right of Mr Melville White to compensation from the Peruvian Government, as well as the question as to the amount of that compensation, if any should be proved to be due to him, should be referred to the arbitration of a friendly power.

Earl Russel and Mr Sang have accordingly agreed on the following steps with a view to bring about a settlement of the matters in question. I. Earl Russel, on behalf of Her Majesty's Governments, and Mr Sang, as representing the Government of Peru, will address an invitation

1 Treaties and Conventions between the United States and other Powers, 1776 to 1887, p. 469.

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