The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, Or, The Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life, 1권D. Appleton, 1896 |
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84 페이지
... nests in the spring ) that the winter of 1854-5 destroyed four - fifths of the birds in my own grounds ; and this is a tremendous destruction , when we remember that ten per cent . is an extra- ordinarily severe mortality from epidemics ...
... nests in the spring ) that the winter of 1854-5 destroyed four - fifths of the birds in my own grounds ; and this is a tremendous destruction , when we remember that ten per cent . is an extra- ordinarily severe mortality from epidemics ...
90 페이지
... nests ; and Col. Newman , who has long attended to the habits of humble - bees , believes that " more than two - thirds of them are thus destroyed all over England . " Now the number of mice is largely dependent , as every one . 90 ...
... nests ; and Col. Newman , who has long attended to the habits of humble - bees , believes that " more than two - thirds of them are thus destroyed all over England . " Now the number of mice is largely dependent , as every one . 90 ...
91 페이지
... nests of humble - bees more numerous than elsewhere , which I attribute to the number of cats that destroy the mice . " Hence it is quite credible that the presence of a feline animal in large numbers in a district might determine ...
... nests of humble - bees more numerous than elsewhere , which I attribute to the number of cats that destroy the mice . " Hence it is quite credible that the presence of a feline animal in large numbers in a district might determine ...
221 페이지
... nest in holes in banks ! In certain other districts , however , this same wood- pecker , as Mr. Hudson states , frequents trees , and bores holes in the trunk for its nest . I may mention as another illustration of the varied habits of ...
... nest in holes in banks ! In certain other districts , however , this same wood- pecker , as Mr. Hudson states , frequents trees , and bores holes in the trunk for its nest . I may mention as another illustration of the varied habits of ...
319 페이지
... nests . An action , which we ourselves require experience to enable us to perform , when performed by an animal , more especially by a very young one , without experience , and when performed by many individuals in the same way ...
... nests . An action , which we ourselves require experience to enable us to perform , when performed by an animal , more especially by a very young one , without experience , and when performed by many individuals in the same way ...
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acquired adapted advantage allied analogous animals and plants appear Asa Gray beak become bees believe birds breeds caudicle cause cells characters climate closely colour common crossed cuckoo degree developed difficulty distinct species disuse domestic animals domestic races doubt effects eggs existence extinct extremely facts favourable females flowers forms Fritz Müller genera genus giraffe gradations greater number groups habits Hence hermaphrodites hive-bee important improved increase in number inhabitants inherited insects instance instincts intercrossing intermediate kind lamellæ large number larger genera larvæ less likewise males manner Melipona Mivart natural selection naturalists nearly nest occasionally offspring organisation organs origin Origin of Species parent perfect period pigeons pollen pollen-grains present preserved prey principle probably produced progenitor quadrupeds rank Red Grouse relation remarked resemble rock-pigeon seeds sexes sexual sexual selection slight stamens structure struggle supposed swimbladder tend tendency tion transitional tree variability variations varieties vary widely wings young
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103 페이지 - It may be said that natural selection is daily and hourly scrutinising, throughout the world, every variation, even the slightest; rejecting that which is bad, preserving and adding up all that is good; silently and insensibly working, whenever and wherever opportunity offers, at the improvement of each organic being in relation to its organic and inorganic conditions of life.
229 페이지 - If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.
84 페이지 - The action of climate seems at first sight to be quite independent of the struggle for existence; but in so far as climate chiefly acts in reducing food, it brings on the most severe struggle between the individuals, whether of the same or of distinct species, which subsist on the same kind of food.
203 페이지 - Our ignorance of the laws of variation is profound. Not in one case out of a hundred can we pretend to assign any reason why this or that part differs, more or less, from the same part in the parents.
321 페이지 - Under changed conditions of life, it is at least possible that slight modifications of instinct might be profitable to a species; and if it can be shown that instincts do vary ever so little, then I can see no difficulty in natural selection preserving and continually accumulating variations of instinct ' to any extent that was profitable. It is thus, as I believe, that all the most complex and wonderful instincts have originated.
xx 페이지 - The Archetypal idea was manifested in the flesh, under divers modifications, upon this planet, long prior to the existence of those animal species that actually exemplify it.
35 페이지 - It would seem as if they had chalked out upon a wall a form perfect in itself, and then had given it existence." In Saxony the importance of the principle of selection in regard to merino sheep is so fully recognised, that men follow it as a trade: the sheep are placed on a table and are studied, like a picture by a connoisseur; this is done three times at intervals of months, and the sheep are each time marked and classed, so that the very best may ultimately be selected for breeding.
110 페이지 - Let us take the case of a wolf, which preys on various animals, securing some by craft, some by strength, and some by fleetness; and let us suppose that the fleetest prey, a deer for instance, had from any change in the country increased in numbers, or that other prey had decreased in numbers, during that season of the year when the wolf was hardest pressed for food. Under such circumstances the swiftest and slimmest wolves would have the best chance of surviving...
88 페이지 - ... plantations, which were not to be seen on the heath ; and the heath was frequented by two or three distinct insectivorous birds. Here we see how potent has been the effect of the introduction of a single tree...
162 페이지 - The limbs divided into great branches, and these into lesser and lesser branches, were themselves once, when the tree was small, budding twigs; and this connection of the former and present buds by ramifying branches may well represent the classification of all extinct and living species in groups subordinate to groups.