432 TRANSFORMATION OF THE OLD QUADRANGLE.

now masked by a parapetted third storey, and the fenestration altered to alternately a large and a small window, two large ones being together in the middle of each row. All the windows were given hoodmouldings. The classical gate-tower, transformed to match the rest of the fronter was raised one storey, and crowned by an elegant parait work, the design of which was suggested by Mr. the Fellows. A prominent and handsome pinnacio! sculptured heads of founders and worthies, nway, and another shallower oriel answered to will be noticed that at the eastern corner is carve i present Majesty, with her new crown and sceptic, 8. In Skelton's print, however (1831), and *36), the work is shown as finished, but the east en.

present design. The Almanack top of 1838 gives th actually is. The explanation is that, in the hope. g the Wolsey Almshouse, demolishing it, and then building. hisome front towards Christ Church, the College left the easte end in a plain and unfinished state. But when this hope w abandoned, the eastern end was completed by the same archite Mr. Evans. This was resolved upon on the first anniversary of the Queen's Accession. In Ollier's Views of Oxford (1843) there 1. a large plate by Delamotte showing the completed frontage ar part of St. Aldate's, viz. Docklinton's aisle and the chamber over 1 Carl Rundt, painter to the King of Prussia, has a plate of the fre looking east, in Views of the Most Picturesque Colleges, Part I. 1. in his drawing it lacks a parapet.

In the interior of the quadrangle an embattled parapet now ran o the second row of windows, just showing the roof, and the dorn..is in their old positions. The ground-floor and first-floor win tows were re-arranged, but united as before with stringcourses. The large dormers were Gothicized and crowned with parapets. The draw g here presented, which I take from N. Whittock's Microcosm of Oxfrå gives a view of the interior of the quadrangle in 1829, just before the alterations. A vignette in Napier's Boswell, by C. Stanfield, R.A., shows it during the alterations. Mackenzie shows it in 1836. The roof has been newly covered (in 1870) with excellent green Stonesfield slates, but the inferior stone with which the building was faced, and the introduction, everywhere but in the attics, of sashes and large panes have sadly robbed it of its character, much as sightless eyeballs make a fice expressionless. The old masonry can be seen outside the east et from the Almshouse. Over Brewers Street, the irregular back of the

NORTH-WEST INTERIOR ANGLE OF THE OLD QUADRANGLE BEFORE THE ALTERATIONS OF WILLIAM THE FOURTH'S REIGN, SHOWING THE DIFFERENCE IN STYLE BETWEEN THE EARLIEST AND LATEST PORTIONS OF THE QUADRANGLE, THE ENTRANCE TO THE ANCIENT REFECTORY OF BROADGATES HALL (NOW THE LIBRARY), AND OVER IT THE LIBRARY BUILT IN 1709. THE UPPER OF THE TWO TOWER WINDOWS WAS JOHNSON'S CHAMBER

College on the top of the twelfth century wall remains nearly unchanged. But that is all. Within the last ten years creepers have been allowed to grow over the face of the quadrangle.

The beginning of the next Mastership was marked by a more important change in the appearance of the College, through the erection of a new range of buildings on the site of the Back Lodgings-molem, magalia quondam-followed three years later by the building of a fine Dining Hall at right angles to the new rooms. No such enlargement of any College had taken place for at least half-a-century. The growth of the Society under Dr. JEUNE made extension necessary; and, much as we may regret the disappearance of the time-honoured buildings and of the old-fashioned gardens between them and the city wall, the plan for a large inner court was certainly effective. Quadrangle it cannot in strictness be called, since the Chapel is the only building on the south side. To have built along this site would have necessitated the re-edifying of the town-wall from its foundations. With the irregular range of older buildings on the east, the New Quadrangle,' especially when the creepers, luxuriant as only Oxford creepers are, clothe the walls with their autumn hues, is very pleasing, though a passer-by, glancing in through the College gateway, might hardly suspect the existence of this spacious place, with its spreading lawn and diversified buildings. The sets of Rooms, for Fellows and Undergraduates, with Bursary and Senior Common-room, were finished in 1846, the plans having been finally approved on Nov. 14, 1844. They had been prepared by Mr. Charles Hayward, of Exeter, nephew and pupil of Sir Charles Barry. On Feb. 12, 1845, the tender of Mr. Daniel Evans and Mr. Symm for £5,286 14s. was accepted. The funds available were 'the residue of the money left by Dr. Radcliffe for repairing the College,' £1,366 14s. borrowed from Dr. Smyth's Trust, £400 offered by the Master, Dr. Jeune, on condition that the Fellows of the Ossulston Foundation should be entitled to rooms rent-free like the other Fellows-this was agreed to 'for ever'; the rest was raised by subscription. The massive carved furniture in the Common Room was given by the tutorial staff.

The energy of Dr. Jeune and the public spirit of the small and poorly-endowed College over which he presided are shown by the resolution come to in October, 1846, to take in hand the erection of

1 What the exterior of the Old Quadrangle facing west had looked like before it was remodelled may be seen from Storer's drawing in Chalmers. In 1843 it had been proposed to build new chambers for the reception of the new Fellows and Scholars on Mr. Francis Wightwick's foundation, his bequest being allowed to accumulate for the purpose.

F f

434

NEW BUILDINGS AND ALTERATIONS.

a new Hall and offices and the renovation of the east end of the 'New Court' and the west side of the Master's House, the plans being prepared by Mr. Hayward. The Hall was contracted for in March, 1847, by Mr. Matthew Awdrey, of London, for about £5,0001. Towards this outlay it was determined to use £3,000 belonging to the Phipps legacy as well as all other moneys in the funds over which the College had control, £3,000, however, being retained in the funds to accumulate at compound interest as a sinking fund for the replacement of the moneys sold out and of the caution money in the hands of the College, which also was used. Simultaneously with this expenditure £1,000 was advanced to the Master, then about to enter on the duties of Vice-Chancellor 2, for the enlargement and improvement of the Master's House, to be repaid by the Master for the time being in thirty annual instalments of £54 5s. 9d. each, the interest being calculated at 3 per centum. By April, 1858, however, it appeared that £1,473 35. 11d. had been expended, of which the College advanced another £300, £173 35. 11d. being reckoned for new fixtures and tenants' repairs. The 'increase and restoration' of the Lodgings had been principally the addition of another storey. The plans were drawn by Messrs. Fuljames and Waller.

In this year the advowson of St. Aldate's was sold to the Simeon Trustees for £1,040 6s. 37. Consols, and it was proposed that the proceeds should become the nucleus of a fund for building a new Chapel. Fortunately another use was found for the money. In 1820 the advowson of Codford St. Peter, Wilts, had been purchased from Mrs. Sophia Kellow for £3000, for the benefit of Wightwick Fellows'. A glance at one of Dr. Ingram's pretty woodcuts will show what the back of the Master's House looked like before Dr. Jeune's alterations. The chief change is in the position of the windows. Three of the original gables still remain. The character of the buildings erected on the north side of the New Court is of a plainer Gothic than the earlier work of 1829, the chief adornment being the oriel windows on either side of the Fellows' staircase. The new Hall is a really excellent example of revived mediævalism. The dark hammerbeamed roof, though only the main timbers are of oak, is very striking. It has a prettily designed louvre. There is the usual large oriel on

1 Mr. Hayward, Dr. Jeune observed, was the only architect in his experience whose estimates were not exceeded by the expenditure.

2 H. R. H. the Prince of Wales was matriculated here by Dr. Jeune, Oct. 17, 1859. 3 From money, the Master thinks, given specifically for this purpose, as they did not share in the Phipps benefaction.

Before the louvre was begun,' Mr. Orger recalls, 'the space for it was covered with boards. One night, after midnight, the College was aroused by hearing the