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1897-8, p. 445.

1897-8, p. 353.

1893-6, p. 700.

1897-8, p. 599.

As Amended

some state other than the state of Virginia in such manner as to deprive such person to any extent of the benefit of such exemption shall be prima facie evidence that any resident of this state who may at any time have been owner or holder of said claim or debt has violated this law.

Sec. 3652 b. Garnishment of and levy of execution on wages and salaries of all city, town, and county officials, clerks, and employees.— The wages and salaries of all officials, clerks, and employees of any city, town, or county shall be subject to garnishment or execution upon any judgment rendered against them: provided, said officials, clerks, and employees are not exempt from garnishment or levy under chapter one hundred and seventy-eight of the code of Virginia.

Sec. 3652 c. To define who are officers and employees of cities, towns, and counties (for the purpose of garnishment).-All officers, clerks, and employees who hold their office by virtue of city, town, or county authority, whether by election or appointment, and who receive compensation for their services from the moneys of such city, town, or county shall for the purpose of garnishment be deemed to be and are employees of such city, town, or county.

Sec. 3652 d. To protect all payment made to the holder of any policy in any accident company, sick benefit company, or any company of like kind from levy or distress for any debt due by the insured.— The payments made in weekly or monthly installments to the holder of any policy of insurance in any accident company, sick benefit company, or any company of like kind shall not be subject to the lien of any attachment, garnishment proceedings, writ of fieri facias, or to levy or distress in any manner for any debt due by the holder of such policy.

Sec. 3652 e. To exempt the wages of minors from garnishment process. The wages of a minor shall not be liable to garnishment or otherwise liable to the payment of the debts of parents.

Sec. 3653. [93 Va. 78.]

Sec. 3654. Articles are not exempt from taxes or levies or for their 1893-4, p. 448. purchase price.--The exemption under the four preceding sections shall Previous Amendment not extend to distress for state, county, or corporation taxes or levies, nor 1891-2, p. 208. shall the exemptions under sections thirty-six hundred and fifty, thirty-six hundred and fifty-one, and thirty-six hundred and fifty-three extend to levy or distress for the purchase price of any property therein mentioned nor for fines and damages or either arising from trespass by animals under section two thousand and forty-two as to such animal so trespassing.

As Amended 1887-8, p. 423.

Sec. 3657. Word "householder" construed. The word "householder" used in this chapter shall be equivalent to the expression "householder or head of a family," and the term "laboring man" shall be construed to include all householders who receive wages for their services.

TITLE 51 A.

PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES.

CHAPTER CLXXVIII A.

OF PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES.

Sec. 3657 a. To require employees of females in stores, shops, 1897–8, p. 45. offices, or manufactories as clerks, operatives, or helpers in any business, trade, or occupation to provide seats for such female employees, and providing a penalty for failure or refusal to provide such seats.-All persons who employ females in shops, stores, offices, or manufactories as clerks, operatives, or helpers in any business, trade, or occupation carried on or operated by them in the state of Virginia shall be required to procure and provide proper and suitable seats for all such females, and shall permit the use of such seats, rests, or stools as may be necessary, and shall not make any rules, regulations, or orders preventing the use of such stools or seats when any such female employees are not actively employed in their work in such business or employment.

2. If any employer of female help in the state of Virginia shall neglect or refuse to provide seats as provided in this act or shall make any rules, orders, or regulations in his shop, store, or other place of business requiring females to remain standing when not necessarily employed in service or labor therein he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof in any court of competent jurisdiction shall be liable to a fine therefor in a sum not to exceed twenty-five dollars with costs in the discretion of the court.

Sec. 3657 b. To regulate the hours of labor in factories where 1889-90, p. 150. females and children under fourteen years of age are employed as operatives.—No female and no child under fourteen years of age shall work as an operative in any factory or manufacturing establishment in this state more than ten hours in any one day of twenty-four hours. All contracts made or to be made for the employment of any female or of any child under fourteen years of age as an operative in any factory or manufacturing establishment to work more than ten hours in any one day of twenty-four hours are and shall be void.

Any person having the authority to contract for the employment of persons as operatives in any factory or manufacturing establishment who shall engage or contract with any female or any child under fourteen years of age to work as an operative in such factory or manufacturing establishment during more than ten hours in any one day of twenty-four hours shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and be fined not less than five nor more than twenty dollars.

Sec. 3657 c. Protection of discharged employees.-No corporation, 1891-2, p. 976. manufacturer, or manufacturing company doing business in this state, or any agent or attorney of such corporation, manufacturer, or manufacturing company, after having discharged any employee from the service of such corporation, manufacturer, or manufacturing company shall wilfully and maliciously prevent or attempt to prevent by word or writing, directly or indirectly, such discharged employee from obtaining employment with

Extra Session 1887, p. 497.

As Amended 1887-8, p. 131.

any other person or corporation. For any violation of this section the offender shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall on conviction thereof be fined not less than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars. But this section shall not be construed as prohibiting any corporation, manufacturer, or manufacturing company from giving in writing on application from any other person or corporation a truthful statement of the reason for such discharge.

Sec. 3657 d. To secure to operatives and laborers engaged in and about coal mines, manufactories of iron and steel, and all other manufactories the payment of their wages at regular intervals and in lawful money of the United States.-All persons, firms, companies, corporations, or associations in this commonwealth engaged in mining coal, ore, or other minerals, or mining and manufacturing them or either of them, or manufacturing iron or steel, or both, or any other kind of manufacturing shall pay their employees as provided in this act.

2. All persons, firms, companies, corporations, or associations engaged in the business aforesaid shall settle with their employees at least once in each month and pay them the amounts due them for their work or services in lawful money of the United States or by the cash order as described and required in section three of this act: provided, that nothing herein contained shall affect the right of an employee to assign the whole or any part of his claim against his employer.

3. That from and after the passage of this act it shall not be lawful for any person, firm, company, corporation, or association engaged in the business aforesaid, their clerk, agent, officer, or servant in this state to issue for payment of labor any order or other payment whatever unless the same purports to be redeemable for its face value in lawful money of the United States made payable on demand and without condition to employee or bearer, bearing interest at legal rate and redeemable by the person, firm, company, corporation, or association giving, making, or issuing the same; and any person, firm, company, corporation, or association engaged in the business aforesaid, their clerks, agents, officers, or servants, who shall issue for payment of labor any paper or order other than the one herein specified in violation of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined in any sum not exceeding one hundred dollars in the discretion of the court.

4. That from and after the passage of this act it shall be unlawful for any person, firm, company, corporation, or association engaged in mining or manufacturing, either or both, as aforesaid, and who shall likewise be either engaged or interested directly or indirectly in merchandising as owner or otherwise in any money per centum, profit, or commission arising from the sale of any such merchandise, their clerks, servants, officers, or agents to knowingly and wilfully sell or cause to be sold to any employee any goods, merchandise, or supplies whatever for a greater per centum of profit than merchandise and supplies of like character, kind, quality, and quantity are sold to other customers buying for cash and not employed by them; and shall any person or member of any firm, company, corporation, or association, his or their clerk, agent, or servant violate this section of this act they shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined in any sum not exceeding one hundred dollars in the discretion of the court.

TITLE 52.

CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS.

CHAPTER CLXXIX.

OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATE.

CHAPTER CLXXX.

OF HOMICIDE AND OTHER OFFENCES AGAINST THE PERSON.

Sec. 3662. [86 Va. 746; 88 Va. 22; 89 Va. 132, 136, 679, 690; 2 Va. L. R. 697.]

86 Va. 223.

Sec. 3669. Attempts to poison; how punished.-If any person As Amended administer or attempt to administer any poison or destructive thing in 1897-8, p. 682. food, drink, medicine, or otherwise, or poison any spring, well, or reservoir of water with intent to kill or injure another person he shall be confined in the penitentiary not less than three nor more than eighteen years.

Sec. 3671. [87 Va. 63.]

Sec. 3674. [87 Va. 257.]

Sec. 3675. Extorting money, &c., by threats; how punished.
If any person threaten injury to the character, person, or property of
another person or accuse him of any offence and thereby extort money,
property, or pecuniary benefit or any note, bond, or other evidence of
debt from him or any other person he shall be confined in the penitentiary
not less than three nor more than five years or in the discretion of the jury
be confined in jail not exceeding one year and fined not exceeding one
thousand dollars.

Sec. 3677. [85 Va. 702; 90 Va. 820; 2 Va. L. R. 678; 3 Va. L. R. 161.]
Sec. 3679. [90 Va. 820.]

As Amended 1893-4, p. 520.

82 Va. 334.

85 Va. 924. 89 Va. 826.

Sec. 3680. Rape ; carnal knowledge of child under fourteen years of As Amended age or a lunatic, or a pupil in any deaf, dumb, or blind institution; how 1895-6, p. 673. punished. If any person carnally knows a female at fourteen years or more against her will by force or carnally know a female child under that age or a female inmate of any lunatic asylum who has been adjudged a lunatic or any female who is an inmate of a deaf, dumb, or blind institution who is a pupil therein he shall in the discretion of the jury be punished with death or confinement in the penitentiary not less than five nor more than twenty years.

Sec. 3693. Prize fighters, pugilism, and fights between men As Amended 1895-6, p. 546. and animals; how punished.-Any person who shall voluntarily engage in a pugilistic encounter between man and man or a fight between

a man and bull or any other animal for money or other thing of value or

for any championship, or upon the result of which any money or any thing of value is bet or wagered or to see which any admission fee is charged, either directly or indirectly, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and upon conviction shall be punished by confinement in the penitentiary not less than one nor more than five years. By the term "pugilistic encounter" as used in this act is meant any voluntary fight or personal encounter by blows by means of the fists or otherwise, whether with or without gloves, between two or more men for money or for a prize of any character or for any other thing of value or for any championship or upon the result of which any money or any thing of value is bet or wagered.

As Amended 1895-6, p. 36. Previous

CHAPTER CLXXXI.

OF OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY.

Sec. 3704. [82 Va. 183; 86 Va. 396.]

Sec. 3705. Entering dwelling-house or other house, vessel, or car in the night or, &c., with intent to commit murder, rape, or robbery; Amendment how punished.—If any person in the night enter without breaking or in the 1893-4, p. 229. 91 Va. 782. daytime break and enter a dwelling-house or an out-house adjoining thereto and occupied therewith, or in the night-time enter without breaking or break and enter either in the daytime or night-time any office, shop, storehouse, warehouse, banking-house, or other house, or any ship or vessel or river craft or any railroad car with intent to commit murder, rape, or robbery he shall be confined in the penitentiary not less than three nor more than ten years.

As Amended

Sec. 3706. [91 Va. 782.]

Sec. 3707. Grand and petit larceny defined; how punished; larceny 1893-4, p. 220. of horse, mule, ass, cow, steer, bull, or calf; how punished.—If any Previous Amendment person steal from the person of another money or other thing of the value 1889-90, p. 110. 87 Va. 454. of five dollars he shall be deemed guilty of grand larceny and be con88 Va. 847. fined in the penitentiary not less than one nor more than ten years. If any person commit simple larceny not from the person of another of goods and chattels he shall if they are of the value of fifty dollars or more be deemed guilty of grand larceny and be confined in the penitentiary not less than one nor more than ten years; and if they be of less value than five dollars in the first case or fifty dollars in the last he shall be guilty of petit larceny and shall be punished by confinement in jail not less than fifteen days nor more than six months or by fine not less than five dollars and no more than one hundred dollars or by both. But any person who shall be guilty of the larceny of a horse, mule, or ass shall be punished by confinement in the penitentiary not less than three nor more than eighteen years; and any person who shall be guilty of the larceny of a cow, steer, or bull shall in the discretion of the jury be confined in the penitentiary not less than one nor more than five years or be confined in jail not exceeding twelve months and fined not exceeding five hundred dollars.

1893-4, p 949.

Sec. 3707 a. To punish stealing and taking away sand within this commonwealth on the banks of the Potomac river.-Taking, stealing, and carrying away twenty or more bushels of sand from the land of any owner on the banks of the Potomac river within this commonwealth shall be deemed a felony, and on conviction the person found

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