organization of mechanism applied to each sword of the lay, for operating the lay in the manner as above described, and for the purpose of preventing the reller W from wearing to such an extent as to improperly perform its office in the groove of its cam Q, when the lay or reed thereof is required to be kept stationary during the throw of the shuttle; the said combination consisting of the groove cam Q, (fixed upon the cam or layshaft M,) the cam or passage T, (made through or upon the sword of the lay,) and the respective rollers W and R; the same being arranged and made to operate together substantially as hereinabove specified. . I also claim the combination of four sets of shuttle-boxes and reciprocating pendulous or vibratory or moving frames, (by which they are sustained and moved from the front towards the rear of the loom, and vice versa,) as constructed, arranged, and operating together, and with respect to the lay of a loom and each other, substantially in any of the modes as hereinabove described, the same being for the purpose of weaving two or three-ply plain or shot-about ingrain carpeting, or other fabrics, as set forth. I also claim, in combination with the shuttle binders of each series of shuttle boxes, and the hook k” of the ordinary stop motion of the loom, the mechanism or organization by which I am enabled, in the employment of the several series of vibrating shuttle-boxes, to arrest the operations of the loom whenever a shuttle is thrown and does not properly enter its intended shuttle-box; the said mechanism or organization of parts consisting of the cam co, arms a' and y, and shaft from which they project the arm d", with its projections e”, fo, the arms and springs of either shaft io, k", or other equivalents thereto, while the elements or members of the combination are made up of the above parts, and such additional parts as may be simply necessary to their operation, as above described. I also claim, in its application to the plate 1" or m", and the vibrating frame of shuttle-boxes immediately adjacent to it, a spring or movable guide plate to or u°, arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose as above specified. In testimony whereof, I have hereto set my signature this second day of March, A. D. 1846. E. B. BIGELOW.

No. 4697.

What I claim as my invention, and which I desire to secure by letters patent, is cooling and congealing water and other fluids by means of compressed air confined in the vessel A, and conveyed through a tube D, provided with a cock c, and surrounded by another tube F, provided with a cock d, (and communicating with a reservoir of water,) and allowing it to suddenly expand, while surrounded with the water, in such a manner as to cool or congeal the water, on the principle that air, by suddenly expanding, absorbs heat, its capacity for heat being increased, as described.

JOHN DUTTON.

No. 4698.

Having thus fully described the construction and operation of my improved hemp and flax breaking, scutching, and cleaning machine, what I

claim therein as new, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the combination of the beaters (f, f.) and cam projections, (i,i,) arranged as above described, with the rest E, and elastic rods (h, h;) substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

SMILEY H. SAMPLE.

No. 4699.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the combination of a life-preserver and travelling trunk, by construct-ing the same of two water-tight apartments connected by hinges and straps of such a size and shape that they will fit to the chest of a man, and leave free play for his arms, and may be secured to him by the straps G and H, as herein set forth, when a buoyant life-preserver may be acquired, the water-tight apartments serving for receptacles for the money and most valuable parts of a traveller's wardrobe, and the central apartment, formed by the union of the water-tight apartments by straps and hinges, with the temporary bottom (figure 6) and cover (A') serving for a receptacle for a carpet-bag, and for the least valuable part of a traveller's

baggage. - El) WARD Q. FITCH. No. 4700.

What I claim as new in the within described machine for turning the heads of wood screws is, first, the particular manner in which I arrange, combine, and operate the punch or driver h, the tool-holder, and the rest, which are actuated by the double grooved cutter cam R, so as to co-operate in the turning of the heads of the blanks, in virtue of the arrangement of the moving parts herein fully set forth. I also claim the particular manner, herein described, of constructing the adjustable turning head, the slide or seat piece c, the tool-holder D, sliding on the piece C, between the cheek pieces B", with the respective adjustments thereof, combined, arranged, and operating so as to effect the setting of the tool, substantially as herein set forth ; the manner of operating the griping dies, and of separating the blanks in the hopper, and conveying them to the feeding fingers, being similar to those described and used in the machine for cutting the threads. I do not herein claim in their individual capacity such parts thereof as I deem new, having been claimed by me in their combination with the threading machine ; but I do claim them in their combination with the apparatus for turning the heads, as herein described and

made known. THOS. W. HARVEY. No. 4701.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is constructing the brake, in the manner described, to gripe the rims of the wheels, and apply the friction to the sides thereof, (instead of the peripheries) or other modes substantially the same, by which analogous re

No. 4702.

And having now described the several purposes in which my principle may be rendered useful, I repeat that I do not confine myself to the actual details herein described, but that I claim as my invention the application of flexible air-tight diaphragms of any material sufficiently elastic, and of any form which will produce the above results; that is to say, to measure the pressure of fluids, gases, &c., by the fluxions of the said

diaphragms. L. DE FONTAINE MOREAU. No. 4703.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is making the sofa-seat cushion on a hinged frame provided with a mattress below it, so that when this frame is thrown open the mattress on this frame shall constitute a bed independent of the sofa cushion, as herein described; and this I claim in combination with the mattress made in the permanent frame below, as herein described.

I also claim making the sofa-cushion and one of the mattresses on opposite sides of the same frame in combination with springs interposed and held in place between two webbings or cloths, substantially in the manner described, so that the same springs shall answer for the mattress and sofa cushion, without affecting one of them when the other is in use, as herein described. I also claim the manner of connecting the legs with the hinged frame by means of the slot and pin in combination with the socket, substantially as described, so that when the legs are drawn out they can be folded into recesses or rebates in the frame, and when pushed they will be held, to prevent them from folding over, as described.

And, finally, I claim the hinged or jointed moulding in combination with the catchers attached to and moving with the hinged frame, substantially as described, so as to liberate the moulding by the lifting of the cushion frame, as described.

JOHN NEEDHAM.

No. 4704.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is forming on a wood screw, of ordinary shape, a conical threaded point, substantially as herein described; the thread on said point being gradually diminished to the end, as set forth above. THOS. J. SLOAN.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by letters patent, is, first, the application of lancets set to cut diagonally, instead of direct; and, second, the combination with the lancet so set of the rod g, spring i, and trigger h, arranged to act by the rack k, and pinions m, to give the required motion to the lancets; the whole constructed and operating substantially

No. 4706.

Having now described the nature of the invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my invention, first, the aforedescribed arrangement of the clearers and workers above and below the main cylinder, in combination with the arrangement for feeding and defing at one and the same side of the cylinder, or end of the machine—the whole being substantially as above specified; second, the constuction of the top roller by the combination of a cover of leather or other substantially similar material, with the body made of meshes of cloth, or other substance having like properties effecting a like purpose, as described.

CHAS. POOLEY.

No. 4707.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the combination of the fingers (J,) check-plates, loop-plates (N,) and hooks (i,) constructed, arranged, and operated as above described, for the purpose of forming the loops in the warp, and for tying weavers’ or bowline knots, in the manner set forth and for the purpose described. PETER MOULTON.

No. 4708.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is combining with the revolving axle the spring 7, with its studs m, m, together with the spring n, containing a slot o, to receive and retain the studs successively, and thus maintain the teeth in proper position. I also claim inserting the supplementary teeth, forming the “spiders,” operating in the manner and for the purpose herein described. HIRAM. S. DOOLITTLE.

No. 4709.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is making the loom to extend back of the mast, which turns in an elevated standard, in combination with the mode of bracing it by means of a bracerod connected with the base of the standard by a roller and rail, to admit, at the same time, of turning the loom, as described.

I also claim the mode of constructing the standard, by making it of three posts tied together to form an equilateral triangular pyramid, in combination with the system of diagonal braces, as herein described, whereby the structure is rendered stiff and unyielding, to resist vertical and oblique thrusts and all tendency to twist, as described.

ALBERT D. BISHOP.

No. 4710.

What I claim as my original invention, and wish to secure by letters patent, is the application of a timber foundation in place of stone, in connexion with "anchor-plates to support the pressure of the anchor chains or cables against the anchor masonry of a suspension bridge, for the purpose of increasing the base of that masonry, to increase the surface

exposed to pressure, and to substitute wood as an elastic material in place of stone for the bedding of the anchor-plates. The timber foundation either to occupy an inclined position, where the anchor cables or chains are continued in a straight line below ground, or to be placed horizontally when the anchor cables are curved, as exhibited in the accompanying drawings, the whole to be in substance, and in its main features, constructed as fully described above, and exhibited in the drawing. JOHN A. ROEBLING.

No. 4711.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the extension of the hot air chamber F entirely around the central portion of the oven, for the purposes herein set forth, viz.: dividing the flue space leading from the fire chamber into two lateral parts, (E, E,) and separating the fire chamber from contact with the oven, for the more equally diffusing heat to every portion of the same, and the reducing and regulating the temperature of the oven by means of the valve H', sub

stantially as herein set forth. DAVID G. STAFFORD. No. 4712. o

Having thus fully described my improvements, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the vibrating scraper, constructed, combined, and arranged substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth, the pressure being regulated by the operative, while the scraper is driven by power. I also claim, in combination with the above, the movable table above described on which the hides are fastened, and

are moved under the knife. ANTHONY SMITH.

No. 4713.

We therefore claim as our improvement, adapted and to be applied exclusively to the removal of ice from harbors, &c., the combination of the gang or series of saws, the lateral discharging plough, and the series of revolving toothed cylinders b'b', the whole being arranged and operating in concert, as above described.

Also, the manner of combining the apparatus for cutting and removing the ice with the boat so as to enable the former to be adjusted to the ice to be cut; the same consisting in applying the discharging plough, with its cutters and toothed cylinders, to the boat by means of a fulcrum, or rocking shaft C, stanchions or posts D, D', and other contrivances connected with the same, as set forth; the whole being combined, arranged, and operated together, so as to elevate or depress the nose of the plough, as hereinafter specified.

Also, one or more lateral wings or ploughs, or frames t, or other mechanical equivalents, as combined with the hull and main lateral discharging plough, and operating to discharge the ice from the frozen surface contiguous to the side or sides of the vessel, in the manner and for

the object as herein before explained. .
WILLIAM BLOUNT.
- JOHN CAMMETT.