K.C.H.

Knight Commander of the Guelphs of Hanover. G.C.M.G. Grand Cross of St. Michael and St. George. K.C.M.G. Knight Commander of St. Michael and St. George.

Heir Apparent or Presumptive. Each male member of a family appears in the work in his order of succession to the Peerage.

Separates the issue of the same individual by different marriages.

VICTORIA, OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, QUEEN, Defender of the Faith.

Her Majesty was born at Kensington Palace 24 May 1819, baptized on the 24th of June following, by the names of ALEXANDRINA-VICTORIA, and ascended the Throne of these Realms on the death of her Royal Uncle, King William the Fourth, 20 June 1837; was crowned at Westminster Abbey, 28 June 1838; m. at the Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 10 Feb. 1840, to Prince Francis-ALBERT-AugustusCharles-Emanuel, Duke of Saxony, Prince of Coburg and Gotha, 2nd son of Ernest-Frederick-Anthony-Charles-Louis, late reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, b. 26 August 1819; Royal Highness by Patent 6, and empowered to quarter the Royal arms of Great Britain with his paternal coat, 7, Feb. 1840, and created Prince Consort by Patent 26 June 1857; K.G., Grand Master of the Order of the Bath, K.T., K.P., and G.C.M.G.; FieldMarshal in the Army, Colonel of the Grenadier Guards, Colonel-inChief of the Rifle Brigade, P.C., Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, Lord Warden of the Stannaries, and Chief Steward of the Duchy of Cornwall, Governor and Constable of Windsor Castle, Ranger of Windsor Great Park, Master of the Trinity House, Captain,

General and Colonel of the Hon. Artillery Company of London, and Lord High Steward of Plymouth and Windsor. Her Majesty has issue, 1 VICTORIA-ADELAIDE-MARY-LOUISA, Princess Royal, b. 21 Nov.

1840.

2* ALBERT-EDWard, Prince of WALES and Duke of Cornwall, &c., b. 9 Nov. 1841.

3 PRINCESS ALICE-MAUD-MARY, b. 25 April 1843.

4 PRINCE ALFRed-Ernest-AlbERT, Prince of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Saxony, and Prince of Coburg and Gotha, b. 6 Aug. 1844.

5 PRINCESS HELENA-AUGUSTA-VICTORIA, b. 25 May 1846.

6 PRINCESS LOUISA-CAROLINE-ALBERTA, b. 18 March 1848.

7 PRINCE ARTHUR-WILLIAM-PATRICK-ALBERT, Prince of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Saxony, and Prince of Coburg and Gotha, b. 1 May 1850.

8 PRINCE LEOPOLD-GEORGE-DUNCAN-ALBERT, Prince of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Saxony, and Prince of Coburg and Gotha, b. 7 April 1853.

9 PRINCESS

BEATRICE-MARY-VICTORIA-FEODORE, b. 14 April 1857. Her Majesty is the only Child of the late Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, 4th son of KING GEORGE THE THIRD. His Royal Highness was b. 2 Nov. 1767, created Duke of Kent and Strathern in Great Britain, and Earl of Dublin in Ireland, 23 April 1799. Endowed with the most amiable virtues and distinguished talents, the Duke of Kent was chiefly remarkable for that universal benevolence which aimed at the general amelioration of society, but was cut off in the midst of his useful career, 23 Jan. 1820; having m. at Coburg 29 May, and at Kew Palace 11 July, 1818, Princess Victoria-MaryLouisa, 4th daughter of Francis-Frederick-Anthony, late reigning Duke of Saxe Coburg-Saalfeld, sister of his Majesty Leopold 1st, King of the Belgians, and widow of Emich-Charles, reigning Prince of Leiningen, b. 17 Aug. 1786.

The late most illustrious Monarch, KING GEORGE THE THIRD, (George-William-Frederick,) grandfather of the present Queen, was b. 4 June 1738, succeeded to the Throne, on the death of his grandfather King George the Second, 25 Oct. 1760, and d. 29 Jan. 1820, after the longest reign recorded in the annals of the British Monarchy; his Majesty m. 8 Sept. 1761, Her Serene Highness Princess CharlotteSophia, 2nd daughter of Charles-Louis-Frederick, reigning Duke of Mecklenburgh Strelitz, b. 19 May 1744, d. 17 Nov. 1818. Their Majesties' issue were,

1 KING GEORGE the fourth, (George-Augustus-Frederick,) b. 12 Aug. 1762, succeeded 29 Jan. 1820, d. 26 June 1830; having m. 8 April 1795, Her Serene Highness Princess Caroline-Amelia-Elizabeth, 2nd daughter of Charles-William-Ferdinand, late reigning Duke of BrunswickWolfenbüttel, [by Princess Augusta, eldest daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and sister of King George 3rd,] by whom, who was b. 17 May 1768, and d. 7 Aug. 1821, he had issue,

Charlotte-Augusta, Princess of Wales, b. 7 Jan. 1796.-Highminded, beautiful and beloved, she died in childbed, to the inexpressible grief of the nation, 6 Nov. 1817; having m. 2 May 1816, Prince Leopold - George - Frederick, 3rd son of Francis

Frederick-Anthony, late reigning Duke of Saxe Coburg-Saalfeld, K.G., G.C.B.,G.C.H., Field-Marshal in the Army, b. 16 Dec. 1790. Elected King of the Belgians 4 June 1831, and inaugurated at Brussels 21 July of the same year. His Majesty m. 2ndly, 9 Aug. 1832, Princess Louise-Marie-Therese-Charlotte-Isabelle d'Orleans, eldest daughter of Louis-Philippe, late King of the French, who d. 11 Oct. 1850. The Princess Charlotte had issue by him,

A Prince, still-born 5 Nov. 1817.

2 Prince Frederick, Duke of York, b. 16 August 1763, created Duke of
York and Albany in Great Britain, and Earl of Ulster in Ireland, 27
Nov. 1784. Illustrious in British history, this Prince lived respected,
and died universally lamented 5 Jan. 1827; having m. 29 Sept. 1791,
Princess Frederica-Charlotte-Ulrica-Catherine, eldest daughter of Fre-
derick-William 2nd, King of Prussia, b. 7 May 1767, d. 6 Aug. 1820.
3 KING WILLIAM THE FOURTH, our late popular and patriotic Sovereign,
b. 21 Aug. 1765, created Duke of Clarence and St. Andrews in Great
Britain, and Earl of Munster in Ireland, 20 May 1789, succeeded to the
Throne 26 June 1830; d. 20 June 1837; having m. 11 July 1818, her
Serene Highness Princess Adelaide-Louisa-Theresa-Caroline - Amelia,
eldest daughter of George-Frederick-Charles, late reigning Duke of
Saxe-Meiningen. This excellent and beneficent lady, the late Queen
Dowager, was b. 13 Aug. 1792, and d. 2 Dec. 1849. Their Majesties
had issue,

1 Princess Charlotte-Augusta-Louisa, b. and d. 27 March 1819.
2 Princess Elizabeth-Georgina-Adelaide, b. 20 Dec. 1820, d. 4
March 1821.

4 Charlotte-Augusta-Matilda, Princess Royal, b. 29 Sept. 1766, d. 6 Oct.
1828; having m. 18 May 1797, Frederick [Charles-William] 1st, King
of Wurtemberg, b. 6 Nov. 1754, m. 1st, 27 Oct. 1780, Princess Augusta-
Caroline-Frederica-Louisa, eldest daughter of Charles-William-Ferdi-
nand, late reigning Duke of Brunswick Wolfenbüttel, b. 3 Dec. 1764,
d. 27 Sept. 1788; and the King d. 30 Oct. 1816.

5 Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Father of QUEEN VICTORIA.

6 Princess Augusta-Sophia, b. 8 Nov. 1768, d. unm. 22 Sept. 1840.

7 Princess Elizabeth, b. 22 May 1770, d. 10 Jan. 1840; having m. 7 April 1818, Frederick-Joseph-Louis, reigning Landgrave of Hesse-Homberg, b. 30 July 1769, d. 2 April 1829.

8 Prince Ernest-Augustus, Duke of CUMBERLAND, and King of Hanover ; b. 5 June 1771, d. 18 Nov. 1851.

9 Prince Augustus-Frederick, Duke of Sussex, b. 27 Jan. 1773, created Duke of Sussex, Earl of Inverness, and Baron Arklow in the Peerage of the United Kingdom 27 Nov. 1801; this popular Prince d. at Kensington Palace 21 April 1843, without having contracted any marriage sanctioned by the Sovereign in Council. (a)

10 Prince Adolphus-Frederick, Duke of CAMBRIDGE, b. 24 Feb. 1774, d. 8 July 1850.

11 Princess Mary, b. 25 April 1776, d. 30 April 1857; Duchess of Gloucester. -See below.

12 Princess Sophia, b. 3 Nov. 1777, d. 27 May 1848.

13 Prince Octavius, b. 23 Feb. 1779, d. 2 May 1783.
14 Prince Alfred, b. 22 Sept. 1780, d. 26 Aug. 1782.
15 Princess Amelia, b. 7 Aug. 1783, d. 2 Nov. 1810.

His late Royal Highness, Prince William-Henry, 3rd son of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and brother of King George tHE THIRD, was b. 25 Nov. 1743, created Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh in Great Britain, and Earl of Connaught in Ireland, 17 Nov. 1764, and d. 25 Aug. 1805; having m. 6 Sept. 1766, Maria, Countess Dowager Waldegrave, b. 3 July 1739, d. 22 Aug. 1807, by whom he had issue :

1 Princess Sophia-Matilda, b. 29 May 1773, d. unm. 29 Nov. 1844.

2 Princess Caroline-Augusta-Maria, b. 24 June 1774, d. 14 March 1775.

(a) H.R.H. m. at Rome 4 April 1793, and in London 5 Dec. of the same year, Lady Augusta Murray, 2nd daughter of John 4th Earl of Dunmore, which Lady afterwards assumed, by Royal Sign Manual, the name of De Ameland, and d. 5 March 1830, leaving issue by H.R.H.,

1 Sir Augustus-Frederick d'Este, K.G.H., b. 13 Jan. 1794, d. unm. 28 Dec. 1848. 2 Augusta-Emma, ci-devant Mademoiselle d'Este, b. 11 Aug. 1801, m. 13 Aug. 1845, the Right Hon. Sir Thomas Wilde, late Lord Truro, who d. 11 Nov. 1855.

3 Prince William-Frederick, his successor, the late Duke of Gloucester and
Edinburgh, b. 15 Jan. 1776, m. 22 July 1816, his cousin, Prin-
cess Mary, fourth daughter of King George the 3rd, who d. his
widow 30 April 1857. His Royal Highness died without issue 30 Nov.
1834, when his honours became extinct.

Genealogy.-See Genealogical Volume, "Royal Family."
Motto.-Dieu et mon droit: God and my right.

THE REIGNING HOUSE OF SAXE COBURG-GOTHA. ERNEST-AUGUSTUS-CHARLES-JOHN-LEOPOLD-ALEXANDER-EDWard, DUKE OF SAXONY, PRINCE OF COBURG and GOTHA, Landgrave of Thuringen, and Margrave of Meissen, Duke of Julich, Cleves, and Berg, Engria and Westphalia; K.G., b. 21 June 1818, succeeded his father Duke Ernest, 29 Jan. 1844; m. 3 May 1842, Princess Alexandrina-Louisa-Amelia-Frederica-Elizabeth-Sophia, eldest daughter of Leopold, late Grand Duke of Baden, b. 6 Dec. 1820.

DUKE of

The late reigning Duke, ERNEST-FREDERICK-ANTHONY-CHARLES-LOUIS, SAXE COBURG and GOTHA, K. G.; was b. 2Jan. 1784, succeeded 9 Dec. 1806; acquired the Principality of Gotha by a family convention which was ratified 12 Nov. 1826; and d. 29 Jan. 1844, having m. 1st, 31 July 1817, Princess Louisa-Dorothea-PaulinaCharlotte-Frederica-Augusta, only child of Augustus-Emilius-Leopold, late reigning Duke of Saxe-Gotha, who was b. 21 Dec. 1800, and d. 30 Aug. 1831; and 2ndly, 23 Dec. 1832, PRINCESS ANTOINETTA-FREDERICA-AUGUSTA-MARY-ANNE, DUCHESS DOWAGER OF SAXE COBURG GOTHA, daughter of the late Duke Alexander-Frederick-Charles of Wurtemburg, b. 17 Sept. 1799. By his 1st marriage the late Duke left two sons only, viz.

1 THE HEREDITARY PRINCE ERNEST, NOW REIGNING DUKE.

2 Prince Francis-ALBERT-Augustus-Charles-Emanuel, Consort of HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN, b. 26 Aug. 1819.

His late Serene Highness was the eldest son and successor of FRANCIS-FREDERICKANTHONY, reigning Duke of Saxe Coburg and Saalfeld, who was b. 15 July 1750, succeeded his father Duke Ernest-Frederick, 8 Sept. 1800, and d. 9 Dec. 1806. His Highness m. 13 June 1777, Augusta-Caroline-Sophia, eldest daughter of Henry, 24th reigning Count Reuss von Ebersdorf, by whom, who was 6. 19 Jan. 1757, and d. 16 Nov. 1832, the Duke had issue:

1 Princess Sophia-Frederica-Caroline-Louisa, b. 19 Aug. 1778, d. 9 July 1835; having m. 22 Feb. 1804, Emanuel Count Von Mensdorf Pouilly, in Bohemia, G.C.B., b. 24 Jan. 1777, d. 28 June 1852, by whom she left issue. 1 Count Hugh Ferdinand, b. 24 Aug. 1806, deceased.

2 Alphonso-Frederick, Count Von Mensdorf Pouilly, General of Cavalry in the Austrian Service, b. 25 Jan. 1810, m. 22 July 1843, the Countess Theresa-Rose-Frances, 3rd daughter of the Count Francis-Xavier of Dietrichstein; by her, who was b. 31 Aug. 1823, and d. 29 Dec. 1856, the Count has issue,