money, but it would be payable at sight in coin to the bearer only at the central treasury in Rome, and at the provincial treasuries of Bari, Bologna, Cagliari, Florence, Genoa, Leghorn, Messina, Milan, Naples, Palermo, Turin, and Venice. This $65,620,000 of paper currency would be exclusively of notes of the denomination of five lire ($0.963) and ten lire ($1.83). This loan of $124,292,000 was effected by the minister of finance in June, 1881, with the National Italian Bank, acting for three syndicates of different nationalities; the English for Messrs. Baring Brothers, Ambo & Co., the French for the Bank of Discount of Paris, and the Italian headed by the Credit Mobilier; $47,092,000, of the loan were taken by the Italian syndicate, and $38,600,000 each by the two others. According to the terms of the contract, $85,692,000 are to be in gold and $38,600,000 in silver. Installments began in July 1881, and the whole is to be paid up by the end of September, 1882. To meet this loan the government has issued bonds for the capital sum of $140,840,785, at 5 per cent., less the government income tax of 13 per cent. Up to this time the syndicates have offered for subscription a little less than one-half of the whole loan, say $67,550,000, reserving subscriptions for the remaining $73,290,785 for a later date. The subscriptions were received only at London. At the end of 1881 the government had received from the syndicates $40,492,975, of which $33,583,994 were in gold and $6,908,981 in silver. The whole has been distributed among the treasuries of Turin, Milan, Venice, Genoa, Florence, and Naples, and the central treasury of the capital, where $10,229,000 were deposited. National debt.-On the 31st of December, 1881, the Italian permanent debt amounted to $1,840,304,406.39, bearing an annual interest of $90,734,791.41. No statement of the floating debt is at hand. The items of the permanent debt on the above date were given as follows: I. Consolidated 5 per cent II. Consolidated 3 per cent III. Unregistered bonds IV. Five per cent. bonds set apart for the Holy See V. Miscellaneous debts, consisting of debts of Sardinia, Tuscany, Revenue. The budget for 1881 estimated the revenue of the kingdom for that year at $262,165,489, and the expenses of the government at $257,551,022, anticipating a surplus of $4,614,467. The aggregate of the items of revenue were stated as follows: Ordinary revenue: Receipts from state property. Direct taxes Taxes on transfer of property and on business Taxes on articles of consumption Miscellaneous taxes Public service (railroads, posts, and telegraphs) Reimbursements of advances made to local governments. Miscellaneous receipts Extraordinary revenue: Actual receipts from miscellaneous sources. Public works, property and material acquired by the government... Railway property acquired by the government Total Expenses.-The expenses for the same year were divided among the UNITED STATES CONSULATE-GENERAL, In conformity with instruction contained in paragraph 556 of Consular Regulations, I have the honor to submit my annual report upon the trade and industry of the empire of Austria-Hungary for the year 1880, arranged and systematized as far as possible in accordance with the provisions of said paragraph. This report contains the latest statistical data that could be procured, after the most diligent and persistent efforts to obtain the latest and most complete information on the several topics embraced, and while the major part has been derived from official government publications, yet in some instances I have utilized information coming to hand through the public press and private sources. As the weights and measures are generally given in the denominations of the metric system, which is authorized by section 3569 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, I have not deemed it expedient to reduce the same into the more generally used weights and measures of the United States, but shall by the use of foot-notes give their equivalents, as recorded in section 3570 of the Revised Statutes, for the convenience of those who may not have the volume at hand. 1.-AREA AND POPULATION. The total area of Cisleithania is 300,191 square kilometers; of Transleithania, 324,005, and of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 53,677, making a total of 677,873 square kilometers,* or 261,727 square miles. The total population of Cisleithania according to last census taken December 31, 1880, was 22,130,684; that of Transleithania, by the same census, was 15,610,729, and that of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as per census of 1879, was 1,142,147, making for the present empire of Austria-Hungary a grand total of 38,883,560 inhabitants. * 1 square kilometer = 0.3861 square mile, nearly; 1 square mile = 2.59 square kilometers. 4277-64 The area and population are divided among the various kingdoms, duchies, principalities, provinces, and free cities forming the empire, as follows: It is worthy of remark that the total area of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, comprising the occupied Turkish provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, viz, 261,272 square miles, is surpassed by the area of Texas, which has 274,356 square miles; furthermore that Austria-Hungary in area is the second largest empire in Europe, being surpassed only by the Russian Empire, while she is the third in population, being surpassed by only the empires of Russia and Germany. II.-AGRICULTURE. In Austria proper, or Cisleithania, the total area under cultivation during 1880 was 10,170,706 hectares* (including 3,852,892 hectares of meadows and pasturage). Of the whole amount 6,418,281 hectares were sown in grain, producing 97,733,407 hectoliters, equivalent to 15,859,572 acres sown, and 277,318,542 bushels of grain harvested, being an average of 17 bushels per acre. Of these last amounts, 2,456,349 acres and 40,582,578 bushels were wheat, giving an average wheat product of 161 bushels per acre. In Hungary, or Cisleithania, the total area under cultivation during 1879, the latest period for which the data could be obtained, was 12,164,630 hectares, including 3,118,164 hectares of meadows and pasturage. Of the whole amount 7,910,470 hectares were in grain, producing 75,656,240 hectoliters, equivalent to 19,546,771 acres sown and 214,674,581 bushels harvested, or an average product of 11 bushels per acre. Of these quantities 6,090,815 acres and 52,211,762 bushels were wheat, giving an average wheat product of only 8 bushels per acre. This, however, is much below the average yield since 1879 was one of the worst grain * 1 hectare 2.471 acres. = +1 hectoliter = 2.8375 bushels. harvests in Hungary during the last decade, and only surpassed by that of 1873, and equaled by those of 1872 and 1876. The average grain acreage and crops of Hungary for the years 1875 to 1879 were as follows: It would therefore appear that the Hungarian wheat harvest for 1879 was only 77 per cent. and the grain crops only 84 per cent. of the average for the five years, 1875 to 1879. The grain harvests of Austria for the years 1878 to 1880 were as follows: The above table gives an average wheat crop of 40,000,000 bushels wheat and 278,000,000 bushels grain, which, if added to those of Hungary, make the grand totals of 128,000,000 bushels wheat and 534,000,000 bushels grain as the average annual product of AustriaHungary. The excess of exports of wheat and grain over the imports for Austria-Hungary during 1876-'80 was, respectively, 14,000,000 and 120,000,000 bushels, making an annual average of 2.8 and 24,000,000 bushels, equal to 2 and 4 per cent. of the average crops. The following table shows the acreage and production of the leading agricultural articles in Austria during 1880 and in Hungary during 1879: In addition to the articles included in the foregoing table Austria produced in 1880-hops, 5,814 tons; olives, 14,983 tons; pumpkins, 129,016 tons; mulberry leaves, 44,225 tons; chestnuts, 1,728 tons; and fruits, 234,935. The following table gives the percentage of the leading products of the largest ten provinces of Austria for 1880, compared with the size of said provinces, from which it will be seen that Bohemia, Moravia, Lower Austria, Galicia, Styria, and Upper Austria are relatively the most productive, viz: Pr. et. Pr. ct. Pr. et. Pr. ct. Pr. et Pr. ct. Pr. ct. Pr. ct. Pr. ct. Pr. ct. Pr. et. Galicia.. : ༄: ཐྭ ༢ 828232 2 6 12 Upper Austria 5 5 9 11 Dalmatia Taking 100 as an average, the acreage sown in Austria in 1880 was as follows: Wheat 103, rye 95, barley 100, oats 99, corn 107, wine 100; and the harvest as follows: Wheat 111, rye 91, barley 112, oats 105, corn 108, and wine 44; and for Hungary scarcely an average harvest throughout. HARVEST OF 1881. In Hungary the wheat harvest for 1881 fell below the average about 2,000,000 hectoliters, occasioned by the flooding of the richest wheat districts, but in Austria the surplus over an average will be 1,000,000 hectoliters, or 90 per cent. in Hungary and 107 per cent. in Austria of the average crops. In Hungary rye is represented at 100, barley at 84, and oats 85 per cent.; but in Austria these crops are represented at 108 for rye, 100 for barley, and 106 for oats, which will insure about an average product for the entire empire. LABORERS' WAGES IN HUNGARY. In the official report for July, 1879, the lowest and highest daily wages, reported in florins, * were as follows: Daily wages with boarding. Daily wages without boarding. Lowest. Highest. Average. Lowest. Highest. Average. Men Children. 1879, was 41% cents United States currency. *The average value of the current florin (paper or silver) of Austria-Hungary in |