which, for a month to come, was sure to be in everybody's mouth. "Charles," he said; "for the future I will eat salt fish on the day you was turned out. You shall my Charles the Martyr now; for I am tired of your great-grandfather, the old one. His head can never be sewed on again; but, as yours can be, I will stick to you."
And so Fox was once more out, and out for good; and the first portion of his story had ended in a climax which fitly and harmoniously crowned the preceding narrative. Still of an age before which no English statesman can hope to accomplish great things, he had at any rate given earnest of remarkable qualities. He had shown himself to possess, in an unusual degree, that recuperative power which is all but indispensable in a career where no one, who fights to win, can keep himself out of the reach of a knock-down blow. An observant veteran watches with almost pathetic interest the bearing of a young politician who has been flung off the ladder of promotion, or who has brought down upon his head a sudden avalanche of unpopularity; and never did any one pick himself up quicker than Charles Fox, and go to work again with more sublime indifference to jeers and bruises. And, while his elasticity of temperament boded well for his own happiness, those who looked to him as a future servant of his country noticed, in all that he said and did, the unmistakeable tokens of an ingrained disinterestedness, which it required only a good cause to turn into heroism. He was not a political adventurer, but a knight-errant roaming about in search of a tilt, or, still better, of a mêleé; and not much caring whether his foes were robbers or true men, if only there were enough of them. He was one who, in a venal age, looked to something besides the main chance; who, when he had set his mind or his fancy on an enterprise,
never counted the odds that he faced, or the hundreds a year that he forfeited. But, with all these generous gifts, his education and his circumstances almost proved too much for him; and it was the instinct of moral selfpreservation which drove him to detach himself from his early surroundings, and find safety in uncompromising hostility to that evil system which had come so near to spoiling him.
"Are wills so weak? Then let not mine wait long.
Hast thou so rare a poison? Let me be
Keener to slay thee, lest thou poison me."
Such is the temper in which, fortunately for mankind, rare and noble natures have often revolted against that world whose blighting influence they had begun to feel; and such was the mood of Charles Fox, when, sick of a prison house whose secrets had so early been familiar to him, he dissolved his partnership with Sandwich and Wedderburn, and united himself to Burke, and Chatham, and Savile in their crusade against the tyranny which was trampling out English liberty in the colonies, and the corruption which was undermining it at home.
[In the following Index the abbreviations ƒ and ff mean "following pages," and
n, or nn, that the reference is to the footnotes as well as to the pages
LBEMARLE, Lord, Memoirs of
Rockingham, 229n, 412n; por-
trait of Sir James Lowther, 412n.
Almack, 87 n, 423, 483n, 484, 490,
493, 522.
Almon, John, on Charles Fox, 373.
American Colonies, some of the
grievances of, 110f; the Stamp
Act, 135; breach with England,
152; coercive measures determined
on, ib.; Wedderburn's denunciation
of the wrongs of, 382.
Anglo-Indians, purchase of boroughs
by, in 1768, 143 ƒ.
Apollonius Rhodius, Charles Fox on,
299 n, 300 n.
Articles, Anglican, agitation against
subscription to, 432 f.
Artois, Comte d', 316.
Askew, Mr., delivers the Middle-
sex petition to the King, 212n.
Augusta, Princess Dowager, 34, 55,
119ƒ, 166, 295n, 387, 467.
Aylesbury, the representation of pur-
chased by Wilkes, 162.
BACON, Lord, 114, 115n.
Bagot, Sir W., 423, 425.
Barnard, Dr., his influence on Charles
Fox, 50ff.
Barré, Colonel, 38, 139, 252, 344,
355, 356, 370, 376f; deprived of
his employments by the King, 128;
letter to Lord Chatham, 129n; on
legal members of the Commons,
380; his denunciation of the Com-
mons, 389n, 390; attack on Sir
Fletcher Norton, 465; on Horne's
letter in the "Public Advertiser,"
518.
Barrington, Lord, moves the expul-
sion of Wilkes from the House of
Commons, 183.
Bath, as a gambling resort, 89 n.
Bathurst, Lord, letter to Lady Suf-
folk, 502.
Beck ord, Lord Mayor, 194, 257; his
remonstrance with the King, 276ƒ,
286; Lord Holland's doubts about
his prospects in a future life, 285;
his denunciation of Lord Holland,
285f.
Bedchamber. See Household.
Bedford, Duke of, signs preliminaries
of peace with France, 28f; his fol-
lowers,34,90, 140, 147ƒ, 151 ƒ, 154f,
222 ff, 238f, 293, 452, 453 n; confer-
ence with Lord Rockingham, 141 n;
his unpopularity, 214n; Junius's
slanders on, ib.; hunted from West
of England, 215; verses on, 215n;
letter to, from Lord Holland, 290ƒ.
Berri, Duc de, 316.
Betting, in the last century, 478 ff.
See Brooks's. Gambling.
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Bolingbroke, Lord, 85 n, 91, 482.
Boswell, J., 174 n, 383n; his work on
Corsica, 153f, 154n; Lord Lons-
dale's persecution of, 412f; on
Charles Fox at the Literary Club,
506ƒ.
Bottetort, Lord, 125
Brentford. See Middlesex election.
Bribery, electoral and parliamentary,
103, 107ff, 111f, 127 f, 142ff,
144, 244, 248, 251, 252, 382, 407,
403. See Shoreham, New. Fox,
Henry.
Bright, Mr. John, on truth in morals
and statesmanship, 133n; his speech
on the Irish Church Bill, 441.
Broad Church party, agitation against
subscription, 432 ff.
Brodie, Mr. Peter, 328.
Brooks's, 86, 87 n, 88 n; play at, 91 n,
483n, 484; the betting book, 478ff,
492. See Almack.
Bubb Doddington, on Henry Fox,
8; on the fall of Pitt, 27f; his
dispute with Lord Shelburne, 112.
Bunbury, Sir Charles, on Charles Fox
in the House of Commons, 201 n.
Burgoyne, Colonel, 466
Burgoyne, Mr., 492.
Burke, Edmund, 122, 126, 173, 185,
189 n, 196, 201, 222, 252, (2),
353, 395, 398, 400, 423, 470,
471, 477, 500n, 501n, 517, 524;
letter to Lord Rockingham, 81;
on George III., 81n; on the cause
of the discontent under George
III., 115n, 208; on the reign
of George II., 117; on political
parties, 123, 138; on the true prin-
ciple of politics, 133; on Lord
Rockingham's acceptance of office,
133f; on the persecution of
Wilkes, 163n; speech in debate
on expulsion of Wilkes from House
of Commons, 184n: on Wilkes,
188n; speech on Middlesex elec-
tion, 195; on Middlesex election
petition, 199; on the constitutional
questions involved in the persecu-
tion of Wilkes, 208 ff, 210; leads
Whig agitation, 211f; on Lord
Chatham's return to public life,
219; simile on Lord Chatham, 225;
on the break-up of personal go-
vernment, 248; on the unconstitu-
tional proceedings of the House of
Commons, 258; his "Discontents"
as compared with Johnson's "False
Alarm," 262n; on political quar-
rels, 279n; reply to Fox on the
law of libel, 338, 339ƒ; ejected
from the House of Lords, 344n;
on the "Speaker's eye," 355; his
efforts during debates on the press,
355f, 357; reply to Sir Gilbert
Elliot, 368 f; on the trial of Lord
Mayor Crosby, 376; and of Alder-
man Oliver, 390; on the New
Shoreman election, 405; attempts
to reconcile Fox and Wedderburn,
409; on Sir G. Savile, 420n; dis-
like of arbitrary power, 421 n; dis-
pute with Charles Fox, 425ƒ;
on Charles Fox, 427n; letter to
Fanny Burney, 430f; to Lady
Huntingdon, 431; on clerical sub-
scription, 440n, 441n; his reply
to Sir W. Meredith, 444; on the
relief of Dissenters, 448 f; on the
Royal Marriage Bill, 463f, 465;
opposition to Fox's motion for re-
peal of Lord Hardwicke's Marriage
Act, 495; compared with Fox,
496 Dr. Johnson on, b.; on
parliamentary oratory, 498; his
attacks on the Speaker of the House
of Commons, 514n.
Burke, William, 345, 389, 395, 516.
Burney, Miss, 125, 430f.
Burns, R., 247n, 305, 476n.
Bute, Lord, 27, 28, 29, 32 ff, 34, 26 n,
65n, 108, 131, 141 n, 148, 165f,
191, 198, 295, 380, 399, 415, 467.
Byron, Lord, 85n; his "Hours of
Idleness," 51n; his behaviour to
Lord Carlisle, 62n; compliment
to Wilkes, 182 n.
Cambridge University, contest
for the High Stewardship of, sl,
YALCRAFT, Mr., 36, 37, 265 r.
82, 83; Junius on the High
Steward and Chancellor, 83f.
Camden, Lord, 139, 155, 222, 226ƒ,
229ƒ, 235, 236n, 245, 250n, 264,
340, 382 n, 383.
Camden, 2nd Lord, 237.
Campbell, Lord, his "Lives of the
Chancellors" cited, 198 n, 235, 381n.
Carlisle, Lord, tribute to Charles
Fox's schoolboy eloquence, 50,
51n; lines on Fox, 51n; his at-
tentions to Lady Sarah Lennox,
60f; his "necessary banishment,'
61f; Byron's treatment of, 62n;
journey across the Alps, 62f; with
Charles Fox in Italy, 63f; his life
at Castle Howard, 100; reasons
for declining the Bedchamber,
124n; his description of 2nd Lord
Holland, 158n, 159n; on Stephen
Fox, 195n; letters to Selwyn on
Charles Fox, 455n, 489; or
Fox's gambling losses, 489; gives
security for Fox's debts, 489; on
Selwyn's electoral troubles, 499 ƒ;
other references, 91, 149, 313, 328,
486.
Carlyle, Mr., 10n, 22, 161 n.
Carnarvon, Lord. See Herbert,
Henry.
Caroline, Queen of Denmark, 461,
462 n.
Carteret, Lord, on Henry Fox's mar-
riage, 10n; referred to, 77. See
Granville.
Cavendish, Lord John. 132, 138n,
185, 365f, 409n, 434, 501 n.
Cavendish, Mr. Henry (author of the
Debates), 195n, 200, 208n, 339n,
406n, 424 n.
Charlemont, Lord, 345n.
Charles the Second, 2ff, 10, 178, 291.
Charlotte, Queen, 56.
Chatham, Lord, on Parliamentary
corruption, 107; letter from the
King, 121f; his sympathy with the
army and navy, 129n; invited to
form a government, 137; its com-
position, 138ff; failure of his ad-
ministration, 139f; withdraws
from the Cabinet, 140; on bribery
at the general election of 1768,
143; urgency of the King's letters
to, 148n, 149n; permitted to retire,
155; remonstrates with George
III., 216f; returns to public life,
217ff; Wilkes on, 218n; his do-
mestic correspondence, ib.; recon-
ciliation with the Whigs, 219; his
intended policy, 220; excitement
at his return to public life, 221ff;
Wilkes's pamphlet against, 223n;
his defence of his assailant, 224;
popularity of his orations in public
schools, 224n; speeches in House
of Lords, 225 ff; influence of, 244 ƒ;
on parliamentary bribery, 252ff;
speech denouncing official pecula-
tion, 340ff; reported by Junius,
341; insulted in House of Lords,
343;
his treatment by the Peers,
348; on Lord Mayor Crosby's trial
in Commons, 377n, 378n; on Wed-
derburn's defection from the Whigs,
383; on Lord North's Cabinet,
397f; advice to his nephew, 435;
on Charles Fox's opposition to
Lord North, 520; minor references
to, 80, 207, 230, 231, 264, 277, 292,
335, 336, 389n, 396, 446, 462n,
524. See Pitt.
Chelsea Hospital, foundation of, 5.
Chesterfield, Lord, 72, 89n, 144, 149,
309, 435.
Cholmondeley, Lord, 94, 480.
Christian Club. See Shoreham, New.
Church of England, clerical objec-
tors to subscription in, 432 ff;
meeting of objectors, and petition
to House of Commons, 453f; op-
position of the Evangelicals, 436;
action of the Commons, 439ƒ;
Latitudinarian Bishops, 444f; se-
cession of Lindsey, ib. See Lind-
sey. Dissenters. Nonconformists.
Churchill, C., lines on Pitt the Elder,
27n; on Henry Fox, 38n, 39n;
on Lord Sandwich, 79; on Sand-
wich and Wharton, 170n; on
his own career as a clergyman,
270n; on Wedderburn, 384; his
admiration for Wilkes, 169n; his
death and character of his works,
169, 170, 171; also referred to, 80,
334, 400.
Clarendon, Great Lord, 2n, 3, 299.
Clermont, Lord, 482.
Clinton, Lady Lucy, 76 n.
Clive, Lord, 211n, 250n, 341; Charles
Fox's denunciations of, 504 ff, 505n;
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