branlant, en tortillant. Why do you go nodding and waddling like fools, said a goose one day to her goslings? But we must not say, Je l'ai vu en mourant maudire ses assassins, because it would convey that it was the speaker who was seen dying, instead of the person spoken of, who, when dying, was heard cursing his murderers. TURN INTO FRENCH. I saw your sister as I was going to school. I saw your sister going to school. I perceived you as I was working. I perceived you working diligently. I met her as I was going to the railway. I met her going to the railway. I met him as I was going to the country. I met him going to the country. We met them as we were going to the play. We met them going to the play. I saw your brother as I came here. I saw him crossing' the street. I saw him speaking to his son. I saw him as I was speaking to his son. 2 He came-up-to her with a smile. He gave-himself-aslash3 in the chin while shaving. I have cut my chin in shaving. When milk is stale, it turns in boiling. Broth thickens in boiling. It came to nothing in cooking. 5 Do you still dream when sleeping? Those fruit turn red when ripening. Among animals, some' feed whilst they walk, others whilst they crawl; others take their food as they fly, and others as they swim. He ran like a madman, upsetting all that opposed his passage. He-fell-down' in climbing-up 10 a tree. Dick came" He 12 The water comes running in. gushing-out 13 of the rock. You will-go-through1 this town on your way to Paris. spoiled 15 four cravats in putting them on. 18 The man went away saying it-required-no 16 answer. My girls came running to me for a shilling. I am-not-wrong in surmising you to be a midshipman. 20 He-was-seized 21 with a cramp in swimming. You disoblige me greatly in not 19 accepting. In attempting" to arrange matters, 23 he has embroiled them the-more.24 The water freezes in falling, or as it falls. Many a truth has-been-said" in jest. He went away muttering. 26 I said to the mountebank, assuming-the-patron," Well," friend, I shall answer your purpose. In hurrying 29 a little, will she arrive in time? 1. Traverser.-2. Aborder.-3. Se faire une taillade.-4. Vieux.5. Cuire.-6. Cela -7. Les uns.-8. Culbuter.-9. Il a tombé.-10. Vouloir monter.-11. Entrer.-12. Sortir.-13. Bouillonner.-14. Traverser. —15. Abîmer.—16. Qu'il n'y avait pas de.-17. Me demander.-18. Ne pas se tromper.-19. Conjecturer.-20. Aspirant de marine.-21. Il lui prit.-22. Vouloir.-23. Choses.-24. Davantage.-25. On a souvent dit.-26. Saltimbanque.-27. Trancher du protecteur.-28. Allez.— 29. Se presser. XLVI.-ON, signifying at the moment of, after, and denoting the time when an action took place, is oftener translated by a Participial Construction, with or without En, than by an Infinitive Construction. En considérant, ayant considéré, ou après avoir considéré cette question. On considering the question. TURN INTO FRENCH. Who On seeing this, on hearing this. What direction did he take on starting? On seeing the man, did she burst-out' laughing? On leaving me, did you go to her house? or what is that fop, to make-such-a-fuss on entering a ballroom? On coming-home,3 did you find them waiting for you? Jugurtha exclaimed, on leaving Rome, Oh, venal city! thou wouldst sell thyself if-there-were anybody rich enough to buy thee! Can any-one on his entrance into the world be-fully-secured he shall not be deceived? On glancingover the article, my eye fell-on' the obnoxious passage. That woman fainted away on hearing of the death of her 10 husband. On hearing that news, she felt-a-dreadful" shivering. Upon hearing these things, they rejoiced greatly. 12 1. Eclater de.-2. Faire tant d'embarras.-3. Rentrer.-4. S'il y avait.-5. On.-6. Etre sûr.-7. On.-8. Parcourir.-9. Tomber par hasard.-10. Répréhensible.-11. Il lui prit un horrible.-12. Apprendre. XLVII.—BY, denoting the manner, the instrumental cause of an action, the way of doing something, is translated by En. Les conquérants en poussant leurs conquêtes et en subjuguant leurs ennemis s'en font toujours de nouveaux. Oh, qu'ils s'entendent mal en gloire, d'en espérer une solide en ravageant la terre et en répandant le sang humain! Conquerors, by extending their conquests and subjugating their enemies, always bring fresh ones on themselves. Oh, what a wrong notion they have of glory, since they expect to obtain it by ravaging the earth and by shedding human blood! TURN INTO FRENCH. We move1 by walking, running, or turning;2 animals move by creeping, swimming, or flying. 4 He has misrepresented the fact by changing, by suppressing several leading circumstances. You will oblige me by doing that. Those grovelling men rose by cringing. 6 5 Beware-how you commit yourself by promising what you cannot perform." A work is often improved by beingabridged. Chemists decompose bodies by making them act upon-one-another. 10 He put-himself-out-of-the-road" by leading-us-astray. 12 By sitting-a-little-closer," you will all find room on this bench. People" often deceive themselves by judging from15 appearances, because imagination always deceives us by showing us everything 16 better or worse than-it-is."7 By remaining some days at his country-house, I am afraid I-would-be-troublesome-to-him.18 I got an abatement by taking the whole web. Some grow-richer 19 by giving than others by receiving. 21 Do-not-betray 20 your ignorance by talking of what you do not know. He thought he would do-her-a-great-compliment by inviting her to dance. Throughout-most-part-of 22 Europe, the men salute by taking off their hats (sing.) and bowing.23 1. Remuer.-2. Se retourner.-3. Dénaturer.-4. Taire.-5. Ramper. 6. Prendre garde de.-7. Tenir.-8. Améliorer.-9. Raccourcir.-10. Les uns sur les autres.-11. Se dérouter.-12. Dérouter.-13. Se gêner un peu.-14. On.-15. Sur.-16. Les choses.-17. Qu'elles ne sont.-18. De le gêner.-19. S'enrichir.-20. N'allez pas montrer.-21. Lui faire bien de l'honneur.-22. Dans presque toute.-23. S'incliner. XLVIII.-The Present Participle can be preceded by two sorts of En-the first a Preposition, the second a Pronoun. Je n'osais vous parler de cela, mais vous me mettez à l'aise en m'en parlant le premier. I dared not speak to you about it, but you have relieved me by being the first to mention it. This construction, however, should be sparingly used, as it is not very harmonious, and should be avoided if the Present Participle should commence with En or Em, as en en emportant, en en allant chercher d'autres. En en cherchant d'autres. TURN INTO FRENCH. He attempted to exculpate himself by throwing' the blame (of it) on his companions. In cutting bread, did you not cut your finger? In cutting some, did you not cut it? When coming from it, did you meet with him? 1. Rejeter. XLIX. The Pronoun En ought never to be put before a Present Participle if governed by the Infinitive which follows, as, Je vous ai remis mon fils en voulant faire un bon peintre. It should be, voulant en faire. I placed my son into your hands, as I wish to make a good painter of him. TURN INTO FRENCH. He sends, sent, or will send his son to Cambridge, wishing to make a good mathematician of him. As-I-am' to make an engineer of him, he must thoroughly? know mathematics. 1. Devant.-2. à fond. L.-Tout, before a Present Participle, has an intensive force variously rendered in English. Jasant tout en allant. Chatting as they went. Elle travaillait tout en parlant. Her talking did not prevent her working. Tout en sentant vivement le reproche, il répondit avec sang-froid et modération. Keenly as he felt the reproach, he replied with coolness and moderation. TURN INTO FRENCH. Even while asserting-the-truth-of-your-remark' I did not think the step to be proper. At-the-same-that-he3 complained that the dinner was bad, he went-on-eating-as-much-as-anyfour-would have-done. A father loves his children, even while he hates their faults. 5 4 Even while sweeping the stairs, she stopped and stoodmotionless, forgetting her broom and the whole universe. The-evening-before, even while drinking with the carriers, while smoking, while singing stupid songs, he spent the even 6 |