ing observing the stranger, watching him like a cat, and studying him like a mathematician.

All-in-a joke," he told her unpleasant truths. Much as 1 esteem her, I am far from admiring her conduct in this matter. Severely as I appear to judge of her conduct, I nevertheless respect her.

10

12

Greatly as I love her, I feel it-my-duty" not to yield to her entreaties. Highly as I esteem her, I will not intrust her with my secret. She read the newspaper while she waited. We are-very-fond-of-speculating 13 as we walkthrough the streets.

14

Even while speaking to me, he stole money from me. All in a joke, he related his misfortunes to me. They were gossiping over-a-bottle-of-wine.

15

Though jesting, I give you,

I gave you, I shall give you a serious advice.

1. Convenir de la vérité de ce que vous dites.-2. Démarche.3. Tout en se.-4. Manger comme quatre.-5. Rester immobile.-6. La veille.-7. Passer à.--8. Guetter.-9. Plaisanter.-10. Beaucoup.-11. Qu'il est de mon devoir.-12. Infiniment.-13. Aimer beaucoup à faire des spéculations.-14. Aller par.-15. Causer.-16. Tout en buvant.

LI.-With Aller, the Present Participle denotes that a thing is going on better and better, worse and worse, more and more, less and less.

Elle ne guérissait pas, mais plutôt allait en empirant. She was nothing better, but rather grew worse.

TURN INTO FRENCH.

Two lines continue' widening. These mountains stretch themselves (go stretching). The river winds-about.3 Mankind goes on improving. They complained that their fatigues had-been-going on increasing, and the means of bearing up with them decreasing.

The evil will go on increasing. At-that-spot," the bed of the river, the road begins to-narrow.

After the 21st of December, the days go on increasing; and after the 21st of June, the days go on decreasing. They

go on skipping and dancing. His excesses went on increasing. He went about tippling-at-his-tenants'-houses. 10

1. Aller.-2. S'écarter.-3. Aller en serpentant.-4. Se perfectionner. -5. Eussent été.-6. Croître.-7. Dans cet endroit.-8. Aller.-9. S'étrécir.-10. Se griser chez ses fermiers.

LII.-Verbal clauses resolved by a Participial Con

struction.

Les recors, étant allés pour exécuter ses meubles, trouvèrent maison nette. The bailiffs who went to distrain his goods, found everything had been cleared off.

En le prenant sur ce ton-là, vous m'intéressez à vous servir. Since you talk in that style, I am interested in your behalf.

Celui-là était la vraie lumière qui éclaire tout homme venant au monde. That was the true light which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.

TURN INTO FRENCH.

I cannot have the pleasure of dining with you, since I have business which will detain me in town. We saw it plainly' as-we-approached the town. You met-with a great loss when you lost your father.

3

I shall read his letter when-I-take-a-walk. The canons, as they enter the choir, bow-down-to" the altar.

6

The carts, as-they-went-off, peeled-the-bark-off" that tree. As that machine was rising, the rope broke. As I have an opportunity to serve him, I will not fail-in-doing-so."

12

As he has no money, he cannot pay you. As she got up, she-fell-in 10 a swoon. I had but two hundred pounds when I set-up." As my father was in the country, I could not goout-of-the-way." As my brothers were at the theatre, I could not go out. As he is unwell, he cannot go out. As I am not able to receive his visit to-day, I shall invite him for Sunday next.

14

As he passed, he threw the parcel to me, and I caught13 it in my hat. As we were afraid to wake you, we spoke quite low. As-I-have to start to-morrow, I came to bid-you good-bye. As you are here for a long time, and have nothing to do, you may as well come and see me. As I have promised to-be-there,16 I must keep my word.

15

Marius, though-he-had-been1 six times a consul, was nevertheless obliged to beg publicly for his life. Do you live in Paris? No; we are here only-temporarily.18 We sat listening 19 to the rain as it pattered on the boat. I cannot go with you, as I have something to do. When I entered the room, I bowed to her. I am sure that if you work diligently you will soon beat 22 your schoolfellows. Bourbon, who led the foremost 23 of the enemy's troops, found him in this position.

21

1. Distinctement.-2. Approcher de.-3. Faire.-4. Se promener.5. Faire une inclination devant.-6. Passer.-7. Ecorcher l'écorce de. -8. Se casser.-9. Y manquer.-10. Il lui prit.-11. Commencer.12. S'absenter.-13. Recevoir.-14. Devoir.-15. Faire ses adieux.— 16. De m'y trouver.-17. Ayant été.-18. Qu'en passant.-19. Ecouter le bruit.-20. Tomber.-21. Assidûment.-22. Surpasser.-23. La tête.

LIII.—The Participle and Verb may also, when the actions are of nearly equal importance, be translated by two Verbs with And, or One of the Verbs is resolved by a Participial Construction.

Ils s'avancèrent ET écrasèrent, ou Ils s'avancèrent en écrasant tout ce qui se trouvait devant eux. They advanced and mowed down everything before them.

Elle flatte Ménélas, en lui disant qu'il possède toutes les qualités de l'esprit et du corps. She compliments Menelaus, and says he wanted no accomplishment either of mind or body.

TURN INTO FRENCH.

The next day, I was horrified by seeing the ink-bottle had struck and split' on the wall of the newly-painted' draw

ing-room. They exclaimed, and drew their swords. They returned to the citadel, and declared it to be their determination to fight to the last gasp.

As soon as the queen entered the House of Commons, all the members rose up and cried: Long live the queen! Mentor pushes Telemachus, and precipitates him into the sea. He arose and rebuked the winds and the sea. The knife fell down and cut his wrist.

As soon as Cæsar entered the Senate, all the conspirators threw themselves upon him and stabbed him.

1. Se briser.-2. Fraîchement décoré.-3. Se Lever.

ON THE ABSOLUTE PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION.

LIV.-The Passive Participle, with Etant or Ayant été, sometimes expressed, but generally understood in French, forms an isolated and independent Proposition, which seems neither to be governed nor to govern anything.

César étant mort, l'armée ayant été détruite, ou César mort, l'armée détruite. Cæsar being dead, the army having been destroyed.

LV. Sometimes the English Present Participle is expressed in French by the Past Participle.

Le pauvre paysan, sur sa bêche appuyé, peut se croire un moment seigneur de son village. The poor peasant, leaning on his spade, may for a while dream he is the lord of his village.

TURN INTO FRENCH.

She was sitting with her head leaning on her hands. Turenne was found sleeping on a gun carriage in the dead of winter. My little boy, riding on his pony, was following us. The ceremony being*-over,' we bent-our-steps each to our

* From this paragraph the Present Participles are not to be translated.

home. This resolution being taken, we finished3 our supper. This being done, he got up, and I helped him to dress. Having become the mistress of her actions, she dismissed some servants.

The shepherd being struck, the sheep are scattered. The bargain being done, and the supper over, we went to bed. But having become a mother, she feared no more the shame of a refusal.

We slept soundly being-done-up with the fatigues of the previous-day. We sat up all night, being frightened at the state we had seen him in.

Spring being come, they-threatened-to' destroy a rising" town which refused to obey them.

The battle being lost, the town being taken, the soldiers committed every sort of cruelty. Carthage having become rich sooner than Rome, was also the sooner corrupted.

1. Finir.-2. S'en retourner.-3. Achever.-4. Dispersés.-4. Epuisés. -6. La veille.-7. Ils menaçaient de.-8. Naissante.-9. Se permirent.

ON THE ENGLISH PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION.

INDICATIVE PRESENT.

LVI.-The English Participial Construction is the Present Participle preceded by MY, THY, HIS, HER, OUR, YOUR, THEIR, expressed or understood, or by a Genitive Construction.

Ces fleurs passent presque au moment où elles s'épanouissent. There is scarce an instant between these flowers blooming and their fading.

TURN INTO FRENCH.

You will-be-amused-at-my1 making such a proposal. She laughs at my not being able to speak French. He is offended at-my-not-going" to see him. Such circumstances account for his insisting-on-immediate-payment. The advantage which that house has over the other is-in-its being better situated. That distemper proceeds from-the-juices being vitiated.