shoals, through which a buoyed channel leads into the bay. On the north side, near the head of the bay, is the post village Hobucken, the small-craft landings for which are in the cove 3/4 mile above Drum Creek. When the water is high, small boats can be taken through the old canal from Ditch Creek to Bay River.

The Intracoastal Waterway crosses the upper end of Jones Bay and forms a connecting waterway to Goose Creek and Bay River.

Directions. From eastward.-With a smooth sea a depth of 6 feet (1.8 m) can be taken across Brant Island Shoal by passing about 250 yards southward of Brant Island Slue Light on a southwesterly course. From a position 1/2 mile southwestward of this light steer 280° true (WNW. 34 W. mag.) for 6 miles and pass about 200 yards southward of Entrance Buoy No. 2 and Middle Buoy No. 4. Or, from a position 1/4 mile southwestward of Brant Island Shoal Lighthouse make good a 289° true (WNW. mag.) course for 1034 miles and pass 3 mile southward of Entrance Buoy No. 2 and 200 yards southward of Middle Buoy No. 4.

Round Middle Buoy No. 4 at a distance of 200 yards, steer 33° true (NE. 34 N. mag.), and pass 200 yards southward and eastward of Inner Buoy No. 1. Anchor 1/4 to 1/2 mile northwestward of Inner Buoy No. 1, above which there are no aids. About 1 mile above Inner Buoy No. 1 a spit extends nearly halfway across the bay from the point on the southwest side of the entrance. and otherwise the channel is near the middle.

From westward.-Avoid the shoal, which extends over 1 mile southeastward from Bay Point; Bay Point Light is on its southerly end, and the shoal extends a short distance eastward and nearly 34 mile northeastward from the light. A 317° true (NW. 12 N. mag.) course, heading for the westerly point at the entrance of Jones Bay, will lead eastward of this shoal and up to Middle Buoy No. 4.

Cedar Island Bay is a large, irregularly shaped body of water making into the western shore of Pamlico Sound southward of Neuse River entrance. The shores of the bay and its numerous branches are marshy, and it is of no importance except for its oyster beds. A depth of 9 feet (2.7 m) can be taken into the principal arms of the bay through narrow and crooked channels. Cedar Island Bay Light marks the northwest side of the channel at the entrance of the bay and is located in a depth of 6 feet (1.8 m) on the end of the shoal which extends south-southeastward from Swan Islands. The ends of the shoals in the bay are marked by lights and buoys.

From the south branch of Cedar Island Bay, the branch next eastward of Long Bay, the Thorofare, a canal dredged to 412 feet (1.4 m) deep and 60 feet wide, forms a connection to Thorofare Bay and thence into Core Sound. The canal is used by local fishermen. Local knowledge is necessary for its navigation, as the canal entrances have shoaled and the channel is narrow. There is a 2-foot (0.6 m) shoal in midcanal about 1/4 mile westward of the cable ferry. The channel passes north of this shoal. The channel into the north entrance to the Thorofare is marked by Thorofare West Beacon and Thorofare West Light. Pass west and close to the beacon and light.

Royal Shoal is the name given to the hook-shaped shoal extending northwest from Ocracoke Inlet. Southwest Point Royal Shoal Light and Royal Shoal Anchorage Buoy No. 1 (black can) mark the

point of the hook, and an old abandoned lighthouse marks the northwest extremity of the shoal. In the bight formed by the hook * of Royal Shoal vessels and tows sometimes anchor when the sea is too rough to make headway in the sound. The shoal, which has from 2 to 4 feet (0.6 to 1.2 m) over it and is bare in one place, breaks the sea so as to leave comparatively smooth water at the anchorage. The depth is 9 to 14 feet (2.7 to 4.3 m), and the holding ground good.

Directions, Royal Shoal Anchorage. From the vicinity of Bluff Shoal Lighthouse pass 1/2 mile northward and westward of Northwest Point Royal Shoal unused lighthouse and then steer about 198° true (SSW. mag.).

When Southwest Point Royal Shoal Light bears 130° true (SE. mag.), steer 142° true (SE by S. mag.) and give the lighthouse a berth of about 3/4 mile in rounding it until it bears westward of north, passing southward of the black can buoy.

Pass 12 mile eastward of the lighthouse on a north-northeasterly course; anchorage can be selected from 34 to 111⁄2 miles eastward or northeastward of the lighthouse in a depth of 10 to 14 feet (3.0 to 4.3 m).

DIRECTIONS, PAMLICO SOUND

Roanoke Marshes Light to Adams Creek (Charts 1229, 1231, 1232). Bring Roanoke Marshes Light astern on a 177° true (S. 14 W. mag.) course, passing eastward of Roanoke Marshes Buoy (horizontally striped spar) and well westward of Obstruction Buoy (horizontally striped spar), to a position about 200 yards eastward of Croatan Sound Channel Entrance Buoy No. 6, 134 miles south of the light. Then steer 167° true (S. 5% E. mag.) for 514 miles, giving the shore a berth of about 11⁄2 miles, until Stumpy Point bears 254° true (W. by S. mag.). From this position steer 178° true (S. 14 W. mag.) for 10 miles until Long Shoal Light bears 310° true (NW. mag.), distant 23 miles. Long Shoal Bell Buoy No. 2 marks the extremity of Long Shoal, and is, at this position, distant 1/4 mile and on range with the light.

Then make good a 227° true (SW. 5% W. mag.) course for 274 miles to a position 100 yards off Bluff Shoal Slue Buoy No. 1 marking the southern edge of the 12-foot slue through Bluff Shoal.

With the buoy and Bluff Shoal Light on range and bearing 170° true (S. 3 E. mag.) and the light distant 1 mile, change course and steer 241° true (SW. by W. % W. mag.) for 12 miles to a position 121⁄2 mile south of Brant Island Shoal Light.

From Brant Island Shoal Light make good a 2592° true (W. 5 S. mag.) course for 101/2 miles to a position 1 mile west of Point of Marsh Light. On this course Neuse River Light (white skeleton tower on piles) should be picked up ahead with Point of Marsh Light a little on the port.

Then make good a 238° true (SW. by W. 5% W. mag.) course for 912 miles, passing 1 mile south of Neuse River Lighthouse, 1/4 mile southward of Gum Thicket Shoal Buoy 2A marking Gum Thicket Shoal, and to a position 1/4 mile westward of Garbacon Shoal Lighted Buoy 1A.

From a position 1/4 mile westward of Garbacon Shoal Lighted Buoy 1A steer 212° true (SW. 3⁄44 S. mag.) for 234 miles, heading for

DIRECTIONS, PAMLICO SOUND

105

the point on the south side of the river westward of Adams Creek, passing westward of Adams Creek Bell Buoy. When Adams Creek Light No. 2 bears 132° true (SE. 14 S. mag.), distant 1 mile, steer this course and pass 50 yards eastward of the light.

Vessels of 6-foot (1.8 m) or less draft can follow the northwest shore of Pamlico Sound more closely, as follows:

Bring Roanoke Marshes Light astern on a 177° true (S. 14 W. inag.) course, giving the shore a berth of about 1 mile, until 72 miles from the light and Stumpy Point bears 265° true (W. mag.). Then steer 184° true (S. 7% W. mag.) for 7 miles, heading for Long Shoal Light.

Cross Long Shoal about 3 mile northwestward of the light and steer 225° true (SW. 12 W. mag.) for 17% miles to a position 1/2 mile southward of Gull Shoal Light, passing about midway between the light and Gull Shoal Bell Buoy No. 2, off the end of the shoal. Anchorage may be had in Wyesocking Bay or Middleton anchorage in case of rough weather. (See p. 99.)

Then steer 239° true (SW. by W. 5% W. mag.) for 1514 miles, passing southward of two red buoys and to the horizontally striped buoy at the southeast end of Lower Middle.

Then steer 249° true (WSW. 11⁄2 W. mag.) for 8 miles, heading for Brant Island Slue Light. Pass about 250 yards southward of this light and steer 232° true (SW. by W. mag.) for 8 miles to a position westward of Point of Marsh Light, then follow the directions preceding.

PAMLICO RIVER

(Charts 1231, 537)

empties into the northwestern part of Pamlico Sound from northwestward. The town of Washington, on the east bank, 31 miles above the entrance, is considered the head of navigation for sailing vessels. A depth of 102 feet (3.2 m) existed in January 1936 in the channel to the town of Washington. The limiting depth at the town is about 102 feet (3.1 m). The channel to Washington is marked by lights and buoys.

Tar River, which is the continuation of Pamlico River above Washington, has a controlling depth of 32 feet (1.1 m) to a point 2' miles below Greenville, thence 1 foot (0.3 m) to the mouth of Fishing Creek. The principal cities on the river above Washington are Greenville, 19 miles, and Tarboro, 43 miles. The river is clear of snags to Little Falls, 77 miles. The head of navigation is Dunbar Bridge, 94 miles above Washington. Somewhat greater depths obtain for a period of four to six months during the winter season. Fishing Creek is a branch of Tar River, 49 miles above Washington; is obstructed by a snag 2 miles above its mouth and above it is in bad condition. The tributaries to Pamlico River are described below. The most important are Pungo River, Goose Creek, South Creek, Bath Creek, and Durham Creek.

Washington, population 7,035 in 1930, the county seat of Beaufort County, is an important busines center and a port of entry, and has communications extending to practically all points on Pamlico River and Pamlico Sound. It has excellent highway and rail connections and hotel accommodations. There is regular freight-boat service to

Norfolk, Edenton, Winton, New Bern, and Wilmington. The town ships lumber and tobacco and distributes supplies to the villages and settlements on the shores of Pamlico Sound. Bituminous coal, gasoline, Diesel oil, water, and ice can be obtained. There is a small marine railway capable of handling boats up to 50 feet in length, and minor repairs can be made. There is a relief station of the Public Health Service, and storm warnings are displayed. The water in the river above Core Point is usually fresh enough to use in the boilers of steamers.

Pungo River empties into Pamlico River from northward about 4 miles above the entrance. The channel is well marked by buoys and lights and can be readily followed by a stranger for a distance of 15 miles. It then becomes narrow but has a least channel depth of about 8 feet (2.4 m) to Leechville, a village 1812 miles above its mouth; a drawbridge crosses the river at Leechville. A number of navigable creeks empty into Pungo River, from which logs are towed to Belhaven. The most important are Pungo Creek, Wilkerson Creek, and Slade Creek. The Intracoastal Waterway follows the course of Pungo River from the Alligator River-Pungo River Canal to the Pamlico River.

Slade Creek empties into Pungo River from eastward 4 miles above Wade Point. A depth of 7 feet (2.1 m) can be taken 2 miles above the entrance and 4 feet (1.2 m) 11/2 miles farther.

Pungo Creek empties into Pungo River from westward 14 miles southwestward of Belhaven. A drawbridge crosses the narrow part of the creek 214 miles above the entrance. A depth of 7 feet (2.1 m) can be taken just above the bridge and 6 feet (1.8 m) about 2 miles farther.

Pantego Creek empties into Pungo River from northward 82 miles above Wade Point. A drawbridge crosses just above Belhaven.

Belhaven, population 2,458 in 1930, a post office and railroad terminus, is on the eastern side of Pantego Creek where it empties into the Pungo River. The town, which has an excellent harbor for small craft, is of considerable importance, and ships oysters by rail and lumber in barges. There is weekly freight-boat connection with Norfolk and Albemarle and Pamlico Sound ports. Gasoline, Diesel oil, water, provisions, ice, and some coal can be secured at Belhaven. There are marine railway facilities for small boats, and lifting equipment of 25 tons capacity; draft to the railway is limited, however, to 5 feet (1.5 m).

A channel 12 feet (3.7 m) deep, well marked by buoys and a light, is available from Pungo River to Belhaven, and a draft of 7 feet (2.1 m) can be taken 214 miles above the entrance to Pantego Creek. The drawbridge which crosses just above Belhaven is moved by hand and has a horizontal clearance of 40 feet.

The dredged channel off the wharves has a depth of 12 feet (3.7 m). The city dock can accommodate a draft of 10 feet (3.0 m) along its face and the oil dock immediately to the northwestward can accommodate a draft of 9 feet (2.7 m). There are depths of 12 feet (3.7 m) at the outer end of the railroad dock and 10 feet (3.0 m) at the outer end of the cooperage company wharf.

Wilkerson Creek is the western end of the Alligator River-Pungo River Canal, and empties into Pungo River about 21⁄2 miles below Leechville.

Goose Creek empties into Pamlico River from southward about 62 miles above its entrance. The dredged channel of the Intracoastal Waterway, well marked by buoys and lights, crosses the shoals which obstruct the mouth of the creek and passes southward through Goose Creek and Upper Spring Creek to the canal which forms the connection to Bay River. The entrance is marked by Goose Creek Light No. 1, which stands in 7 feet (2.1 m) on the southeast side of the channel. The controlling depth in this section of the waterway is 12 feet (3.7 m). Campbell Creek, Upper and Lower Spring Creek, Eastham Creek, Snode Creek, and Dixon Creek are navigable tributaries of Goose Creek. Logs are towed from the creek.

South Creek empties into Pamlico River from southward about 9 miles above its entrance. The deeper entrance leads southward of Indian Island and the shoal connecting the island with Hickory Point and is buoyed. Indian Island Slue is a dredged cut, good for vessels of 5-foot (1.5 m) draft, across the shoal between Indian Island and Hickory Point. The course through the cut is 178° true (S. % W. mag.), passing close to the two buoys which mark it, and about 100 yards eastward of Indian Island Slue Light. South Creek has a least channel depth of 8 feet (2.4 m) for a distance of 4 miles above Hickory Point.

Aurora, a village on the railroad 61⁄2 miles above Hickory Point, is reached through a dredged channel 100 feet wide with a controlling depth of 7 feet (2.1 m) in 1936. Gasoline and some supplies are available. There is a depth of 9 feet (2.7 m) at the docks. The dredged channel follows the line of deepest water as shown on the chart, but local knowledge is needed to carry the best water above Point of Marsh. A drawbridge with a clear width of 2012 feet crosses the river just above Aurora, and a railroad bridge, which is practically the head of navigation, crosses at Royal, 114 miles above Aurora.

Bond Creek is on the south side of South Creek southward of Hickory Point. It has a depth of 7 feet (2.1 m) to the small fish wharf at the post office of South Creek. To enter, pas northward and 1/4 mile westward of buoy no. 1; then steer 207 true (SSW. 34 W. mag.) for the entrance and be guided by the buoys to the wharf.

North Creek empties into Pamlico River from northward about 12 miles above Pamlico Point Lighthouse. Its buoyed channel is good. for a depth of 7 feet (2.1 m). Some lumber is shipped out.

Durham Creek empties into Pamlico River from southward about 1711⁄2 miles above its mouth and 212 miles westward of Rumley Marsh Light. The creek is navigable for a draft of 5 feet (1.5 m) nearly to Bonners Bridge, a distance of 4 miles above its mouth. A sawmill and wharf, with 6 feet (1.8 m) at its end, are located on the west side 1⁄2 mile above the entrance. There are no aids except an entrance light, which marks the west side of the narrowest part of the channel at the entrance.

20712°-36-8