educated, finishing in St. Louis. He has been a resident of this State forty-five years, most of the time in St. Charles county. He came to Pettis county in 1877 and to Sedalia in 1881.

ROBERT TEVIS MILLER was born in Richmond, Kentucky, November 30, 1831; was educated at the State University of Missouri; graduated at St. Louis Medical College in the spring of 1860, and attended lectures in the same college in 1863. Commenced practice at Tipton, and came to Sedalia and opened a drug store March 1, 1861. He is the first physician that located in Sedalia, and is now a member of the firm of Bard & Miller.

J. P. THATCHER, Sedalia township, was born in Jacksborough, Tenn., in 1830; moved to Missouri in an early day; when the Mexican war broke out he enlisted as a private in the Third Regiment Kentucky Volunteers, infantry, but was promoted to lieutenant, and afterwards to the command of the company. He graduated at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Penn.; settled in Pettis county in 1854. In 1874 he was elected to the legislature of Missouri as the democratic candidate by a large majority. July 8, 1880, at his residence three miles south of Sedalia, his long and useful life terminated, and he died universally respected by all who knew him.

ANDREW V. SMALL is a native of the Province of Lorraine, France, where he was reared and educated. He studied medicine in the University of Paris, where he graduated in 1839. He entered the French army as surgeon, spending part of his time in Africa; came to America in 1848, locating at New Orleans where he remained until 1853, coming to Jefferson City in that year. From Jefferson City he moved to Springfield in 1858. At the beginning of the war he entered the Confederate army and was appointed chief surgeon of General McBride's division. In 1863 he was appointed medical inspector of General Bragg's command at Corinth, Miss., and was assigned the presidency of the examining board of district of Texas with headquarters at San Antonio, where he remained until the close of the war. He then went to Lexington, Mo., and remained until 1878, when he came to Sedalia, where he has since practiced. His son, Edwin N. Small, a graduate of Bellevue Medical College, N. Y., is associated with him.

JOHN P. WALKER, Lamonte, is a native of Granville Co., North Carolina, born February 11, 1840. He graduated at the St. Louis Medical College in 1873. Practiced in Johnson county for a time, and settled in Lamonte in 1879, where he now resides.

SAMUEL CONWAY, Lamonte, is a native of St. Louis county, Missouri, born in 1843. Graduated at St. Louis Medical College in 1867, and the same year he settled in Pettis county, where he has since resided.

BENJAMIN E. VAN BURKLEO, Beaman, was born in St. Charles county, Missouri, February 23, 1847. Attended the schools of his own county, and commenced the study of medicine with Dr. J. P. McIlhany, and graduated from the St. Louis Medical College. He located at Beaman, this county, in 1873, where he still practices his profession. He is a member of the Pettis County Medical Society.

HUGH C. SPEARS, Longwood, Mo., is a native of Fayette county, Kentucky, born February 14, 1828. He is a graduate of Transylvania University, of Lexington, Ky., receiving his degree March 1, 1850. Practiced medicine in Mercer county, Ky., Cass county, Mo., Lawrence county, Tenn., and came to Pettis county in 1868.

WELLINGTON V WALKER, of Longwood, was born at Pleasant House, Owen county, Kentucky, December 9, 1854. He graduated at the medical university at Louisville, Ky., in February, 1880. Was elected by competitive examination one of the resident physicians and surgeons in Louisville City Hospital, where he served one year. He located in Sedalia, Pettis county, Mo., in April, 1881, and in a short time was elected medical examiner of Equity Lodge, No. 16, A. O. U. W., of Sedalia. Located in Longwood, Pettis county, in May, 1882.

J. C. CULP, of Ionia City, is a native of West Virginia. In 1866 he moved to Missouri. Received his literary education at State Normal School, at Kirksville, and his medical education at Missouri Medical College, St. Louis, Mo., College of Physicians and Surgeons, Keokuk, Iowa, and College of Physicans and Surgeons, Joplin, Mo. He settled in Ionia, Pettis county, in March, 1882.

T. P. MCCLUNEY, of Dresden, is a native of West Virginia, born in Brook Co., January 25, 1836. In 1843 he came with his parents to Missouri, settling in Johnson Co. Dr. McCluney received his medical education at St. Louis Medical College, graduating in 1860 .He then settled in Pettis county, where he still resides. During the war he was assistant surgeon in the U. S. army, and was stationed at Jefferson Barracks, Jefferson City, and St. Louis. He has held the office of secretary, vicepresident and president of the Pettis County Medical Association.

G. H. SCOTT, is a native of Scotland, born November 16, 1829. In 1831, his parents moved to America, and located in Newburyport, Mass. In 1843, they came to Bloomington, Ill., where Dr. Scott was educated in the Wesleyan University, He read medicine with E. K. Crothers, of Bloomington, and attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he graduated in 1857. Began practicing the same year at Peoria, Ill., but moved to Kewanee, that state, in 1859, and remained until 1867, when he went from there to Oswego, N. Y., and remained until

1872. In 1874, he came to Sedalia, where he has since been engaged in practice.

W. H. FLESHER, Greenridge, Pettis county, Mo., is a native of Virginia; born in Jackson county, that state, in 1829; his literary education was obtained in the schools of his native county, and his medical at Louisville Medical College, where he graduated in 1850; in 1854 and 1855 he attended lectures at the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical College, receiving the benefit of lectures from the celebrated Dr. John King; he practiced medicine for several years in Virginia and Ohio; at the breaking out of the war he enlisted in the United States army as assistant surgeon of the 11th Virginia Volunteer Infantry. His connection with this, however, was brief, as he was detached for recruiting services and was rapidly promoted from the rank of first lieutenant to captain, and in a short time to major; he was with Gen. Avery's command at first and afterwards with Generals Custer and Sheridan. At the close of the war he went to Olney, Ills., where he practiced thirteen years; in 1878 he came to Sedalia and located, and April 10, 1879, he moved to Greenridge, where he has built up an extensive practice.

C. W. LEBOA, Greenridge, Pettis county, Mo., was born at Brazil, Clay county, Indiana, in 1853; he was educated in the schools of that place and Tipton, Monticello county, Ind.; he studied medicine with his father, Dr. I. S. Leboa, a graduate of the old Cincinnati Medical College, and afterwards attended the Missouri Medical College, at St. Louis, in 1874, 1875 and 1876, graduating the last named year; he also attended a course of lectures at St. Louis in 1880; began practice at Cole Camp, Linn county, this State, in 1876, and moved to Greenridge in August, 1877.

W. D. SNODDY, Lamonte, Pettis county, Mo., is a Virginian, born March 20, 1822, came to Missouri in 1839; he commenced the study of medicine in Franklin county, this state; he took his first course of lectures at the Medical College of Tennessee, and his second at the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati, and graduated in the spring of 1850; he then located in Georgetown, this county, and practiced his profession until 1856, when he moved to his present farm near Lamonte, where he has since resided, and kept up his practice.

A. P. SNODDY, Lamonte, was born in Franklin county, Mo., March 24, 1847; he commenced the study of medicine in 1868, entering the Eclectic Medical Institute, of Cincinnati, from which place he graduated in 1870; in August of that year he began the practice of his profession in Lamonte, where he has since resided.

DAVID F. BROWN, Dresden, is a native of North Carolina, born in

Davidson county, October 22, 1845; he attended medical lectures at St. Louis, graduating in 1873, and commenced the practice of his profession at Dresden, where he is now engaged, having built up a large practice.

JOHN M. ELLIOTT, Dresden, was born September 25, 1830, in Washington county, Pennsylvania; received his education at the schools of his native county, and from private teachers. He commenced the study of medicine before the war, but when that broke out he enlisted and served through over three years, when his health failing, he returned home and resumed his studies with Dr. D. W. Braden, of Waynesburg, Pa.; he attended lectures at Cleveland Medical College, Cleveland, Ohio; in 1866 he began practicing his profession in Marshall county, West Virginia, continuing there for six years, when he returned to his native county and continued his practice until September, 1881, when he came to Missouri, purchased a farm adjoining Dresden, where he now resides.

CHAPTER XI.-AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL

SOCIETIES.

Early Steps-Small Fields-Implements Used-Kinds of Soils-Most Profitable CropsFirst Crops-Prairie and Timber-Present Size of Farms and Value of Lands-Present Modes of Farming-First Agricultural Societies and Men Promoting them-The Benefits of Societies-Sedalia Exposition Association.

"Give fools their gold, and knaves their power;

Let fortune's bubbles rise and fall;
Who sows a field or trains a flower;

Or plants a tree, is more than all."

Agriculture, in its restricted meaning, is the cultivation of a field; from the Latin word ager, a field, and cultura, cultivation; and implies the art of cultivating the ground for the purpose of obtaining vegetable productions. In the more general sense, as we shall use it in this article, it includes the whole business of the farmer, comprehending, in addition to the raising of corn, wheat and other crops, the proper management of stock.

The "lords of the

Farming is the most independent of the avocations. soil," as farmers are often termed, hold in their hands the destiny of nations. All are common sufferers when farming interests suffer, and no country may expect to flourish when she neglects her agricultural interests. When the farmer rises above the common daily drudgery, so long practiced by the ignorant tillers of the soil, then there will be intelligent, thinking, paying labor on the farm, which will add much to the farmer's happiness, and grace the proudest and most independent avocation man can follow.

Agriculture is the great interest of both the county and the state. It is the foundation upon which all other enterprises are dependent. It is the fundamental element that produces the happiness, prosperity and wealth of a country. Upon its success rests the welfare of the nation. Therefore, its great importance to all, whether engaged in holding the plow, the scales of justice, or any other avocation. Agronomy furnishes the support of all others, and when in a prosperous condition, shares its blessings with them all-the laborer has work, the printer better support, the professionals better patronage, the mechanics more employment, the merchant sells more goods, the manufacturer a better market, railroads more freight, and commerce greater tonnage. In this manner the products of the soil are distributed liberally to others.

It is from the rural haunts that the majority of our most able men and women come to the stage of action to perform an important part in the public affairs of our nation. A Webster and a Clay were among farmers' A Martha Washington and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were blessed

sons.