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and Miss Goodell admitted. Miss Goodell continued in practice until her death from sciatic rheumatism, March 31, 1880. She had a judicial mind and extensive legal learning, and her arguments evinced a thorough appreciation of the genius and spirit of law. Before preparing for the Bar, she was several years employed in the literary work of Harper Bros., New York.

In the Fall of 1874, J. Ellen Foster of the firm of Foster & Foster, Clinton, Iowa, was admitted in Iowa. She has been engaged in practice and in temperance work, giving a great deal of time to temperance work, in which she was engaged before admission.

In December, 1874, Carrie Burnham, (now Kilgore) of Philadelphia, began the long and tedious warfare that she has been obliged to wage for admission in Pennsylvania. The Board of Examiners refused to examine her, because there was "no precedent for the admission of a woman to the Bar of this County," and the Court refused to grant a rule on the Board requiring them to examine her. Mrs. Kilgore then tried to have a law passed forbidding exclusion on account of sex, but the Judiciary Committee of the Senate took the position that the law as it stood was broad enough, and so it would seem to be. The Act of 1834, declares "The Judges of the several Courts of Record in the Commonwealth shall respectively have power to admit a competent number of persons of an honest disposition, and learned in the law, to practice as attorneys in their respective courts." The Senate finally passed the clause desired, at two or three sessions, but it was never reached in the House. Finally Mrs. Kilgore gained admission to the Law School of the University of Penn. in 1881, where she had previously been denied, and by virtue of her diploma from there in 1883, was admitted to the Orphans' Court of Philadelphia. She was then admitted to one of the Common Pleas Courts, but denied admission to the other three, though it is the custom when a person has been admitted to one, to admit to the rest as a matter of course. As soon after admission to the Common Pleas Court as the law allows, two years, and in May of this year, 1886, Mrs. Kilgore applied and was admitted to the Supreme Court of the State, and by virtue of this admission,

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all the lower Courts. are now compelled to admit her. Thus Pennsylvania has accomplished after twelve years, what Iowa did seventeen years ago without any ado and with a statute that might have afforded a reasonable ground for refusal, which the Pennsylvania statute did not.

In the Winter of 1870 and 1871, M. Fredrika Perry began her law studies in the office of Shipman & Loveridge, at Coldwater, Mich. She spent two years there as student and clerk, and then two years in the Law School of Mich. University. Upon receiving her diploma from the Law School in March, 1875, she was admitted to the Michigan Bar, and in September following to the Illinois Bar, and located and began practice in Chicago. A short time after, she was, on motion of Miss Hulett, admitted to the U. S. Circuit and District Courts for the Northern Dist. of Illinois. She continued in practice in partnership with Ellen A. Martin under the name of Perry & Martin, until her deatn, (the result of pneumonia) June 3, 1883. Miss Perry was a successful lawyer, and her success was substantial. She combined in an eminent degree the qualities which distinguish able barristers and jurists; her mind was broad and catholic, clear, quick, logical and profound; her information both on legal and general matters was extensive. She had a clear, strong and pleasant voice, and was an excellent advocate, both in presenting the law to the court and the merits of a case to the jury. She was a skillful examiner of witnesses, and understood as few attorneys do, save practitioners who have grown old in experience, the nice discriminations of Common Law Pleadings and the Rules of Evidence, the practical methods by which rights are secured in courts. All her work was done with the greatest care. She was engrossed in the study and practice of law, appreciating its spirit and intent, and gained steadily in efficiency and practical power, year by year. She had the genius and ability for the highest attainment in all departments of civil practice, and joined with these the power of close application and hard work. She belonged to the Strong family which has furnished a great deal of the legal talent of the United States. Judge Tuley, before whom she often appeared, said of her at the Bar

meeting called to take action upon her death, "I was surprised at the extent of her legal knowledge and the great legal acumen, she displayed."

Soon after Miss Perry began her studies with Shipman & Loveridge, Ellen A. Martin entered the law office of Cook & Lockwood, Jamestown, New York, and remained there as student and clerk for two years. She then spent two years, in the Law School of Michigan University, graduating, and being admitted to the Michigan Bar, at the same time with Miss Perry. A few months later, she was admitted to the Illinois Bar, and located in Chicago, in company with Miss Perry where she has since remained. Both Miss Perry and Miss Martin were refused admission to the Harvard Law School, the reason privately assigned being that it was not considered practicable to admit young men and young women to the Law Library at the same time, and it was not considered fair to admit to the Law School without giving the privileges of the Library. I believe the authorities have not yet found any way to get around or over this mountain of difficulty.

In June, 1875, Emma Haddock of Iowa City, Iowa, associated in practice of law with her husband. Judge Haddock, graduated from the Law Department of the State University, and was admitted to the State Bar. In November following, she was admitted to the U. S. Circuit and District Courts at Des Moines. In June, 1878, Mrs. Haddock was appointed by the Supreme Court to examine students of the University for graduation and admission to the Bar, and was re-appointed for two years following.

In the Summer of 1875, Elizabeth Eaglesfield was admitted to the Bar at Terre Haute, Indiana, the law only providing for admission of voters. The Court held that a law requiring them to admit voters, did not prevent their admitting persons who were not voters. Mrs. Eaglesfield is a graduate of both the Literary and Law Departments of Michigan University, and practices in Terre Haute.

In 1876, Mary E. Foster, a graduate of the University Law School, was admitted, and opened an office at Ann Arbor, Michigan.

In 1877, Martha A. Dorsett, previously admitted in Iowa, asked admission in Minnesota, and was refused. She then secured the passage of a law which dropped the word "male" from the statute, and was admitted under the new law.

In January, 1878, Tabitha A. Holton was admitted to the Supreme Court of North Carolina, on motion of Judge Albion Tourgee', then practicing in Raleigh. Miss Holton afterward practiced in Dobson, in partnership with her brother.

In July, 1878, Kate Kane, who had spent one year in the Michigan University Law School, and one year, as student and clerk in the law office of A. A. Jackson at Janesville, Wis., was admitted at Janesville. Miss Kane practiced in Milwaukee five years, and then located in Chicago, where she has since practiced.

In 1879, Angie King was admitted in Wisconsin and Clara S. Foltz and Laura De Force Gordon in California, and Mrs. M. B. R. Shay in Illinois. I understand the passage of a law was necessary in California, before the Courts would admit women, but I have no definite information. Miss King practices in Janesville. She was in partnership with Miss Goodell under the name of Goodell & King before Miss Goodell's death. Mrs. Foltz and Mrs. Gordon practice in San Francisco. They were first known to the public in a legal capacity, by their arguments on the application for a mandamus to compel the opening of the Hasting's Law School of California University to women students. Mrs. Gordon was admitted to the Supreme Court of the United States in February, 1885. Mrs. Shay lives at Streator and has written a book entitled "Students' Guide to Common Law Pleading," published by Callaghan & Co. She is a graduate of the Bloomington Law School.

In 1880, Cora A. Benneson of Quincy, Ill., graduating from the Michigan University Law School was admitted to the Michigan and Illinois Bars. Terrie M. Sumner in partnership with her husband at Waukesha, was admitted in Wisconsin.

In 1881, the following women were admitted: Jessie M. Johnson of the law firm of Johnson & Johnson, Knoxville, Iowa, Ida M. Tillottson, Millbrook, Kansas, and Edith Sams

in Ohio. Miss Sams was in partnership with Florence Cronise at Tiffin until her marriage in 1883, since which time she has been in business with her husband, C. A. Seiders, a lawyer at Paulding, Ohio.

In 1882, there were admitted, besides Bessie Bradwell before mentioned, Lelia G. Robinson, Boston, Mass., Mary Hall, Hartford, Conn., Marilla M. Ricker, Washington, D. C., and Ada M. Bittenbender of the firm of H. C. & Ada M. Bittenbender of Lincoln, Nebraska, and I think Flora M. Wagstaff of the firm of Wagstaff & Wagstaff, Paola, Kansas. Miss Wagstaff was practicing then. The Massachusetts Court refused Miss Robinson admission until a legislative act was passed requiring it. In Connecticut, under a similar state of the law, Miss Hall was admitted without legislative action. I am told that M. Josephine Young was admitted in 1882 or before and practiced law in Sacramento, California, in connection with her husband; also that there was a woman practicing in Waupaca County, Wisconsin, before that time.

Since 1882, I have not kept track of admissions, but have learned incidentally of the following, which I name as nearly as known to me in the order of admission; Cora Hurtz, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, Louise H. Albert, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Maria E. De Geer, Syracuse, Kansas, Mattie H. Strickland, St. Johns, Michigan, Mary A. Leonard, Seattle, Washington Territory, Mary P. Spargo, Cleveland, Ohio. Alice C. Nute, Chicago, Illinois, Mary Geigus Coulter, Freeport, Illinois, Kate Stoneman, Albany, New York, Catharine V. Waite, Chicago, Illinois, and Catharine G. Waugh of Rockford, Illinois. Mrs. Leonard, after admission in Washington Territory, in 1885, was refused admission to the Oregon State Courts but immediately admitted to the United States Courts there. Miss Nute studied in the office of Judge C. B. Lawrence, until his death and afterward in the office of Goudy & Chandler, Chicago. She was a leading court reporter for several years before admission and had an excellent opportunity for learning court practice, which she improved. Miss Stoneman was refused admission in New York until the Legislature 'changed the law, which it did promptly. Mrs. Waite was

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