ALIEN EDUCATIONAL WORK.

The CHAIRMAN. How many of them have been employed on the alien educational work?

Mr. CRIST. Exclusively?

The CHAIRMAN. Exclusively or otherwise?

Mr. CRIST. None, exclusively.

The CHAIRMAN. How many of them have been employed on it partly?

Mr. CRIST. Now?

The CHAIRMAN. Yes.

Mr. CRIST. None.

The CHAIRMAN. They are not doing any of that work now?
Mr. CRIST. No, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. What part of the $150,000 was to be devoted to the alien educational work?

Mr. CRIST. I do not think that this estimate shows any for that. The total is needed on account of the increase in the volume of naturalization work.

The CHAIRMAN. When was this estimate prepared?

Mr. CRIST. In April; about the 26th of April I think it was sent up here.

Secretary WILSON. I think it might be well to qualify the statement with regard to the educational work by stating what the attitude of the department has been about it, because there have been a number of educational works conducted by private citizens and others throughout the country, and it has been stated that our work has been associated with the work of others when we were not associated. The position taken by the department has been that it is not a proper function for any governmental agency, either our department or any other department, to attempt to induce any subject of another country, resident in the United States, to renounce his allegiance to his country. Private citizens might do so, but if a Federal agency should undertake to do so it would place itself in a position where it might properly be rebuked.

The CHAIRMAN. This is to provide educational facilities for persons who have filed their declarations?

Secretary WILSON. Yes, sir. If I may be permitted, I will proceed. The CHAIRMAN. Certainly.

Secretary WILSON. The department has taken this ground in prosecuting, through the Bureau of Naturalization, all of the work pertaining to naturalization: When any subject of a foreign country, of his own volition, by his own voluntary act, declares his intention. to become a citizen of the United States, then the interest of the individual and the interest of the citizens of the United States, native and naturalized, requires that he should be as thoroughly familiarized not only with the form of our Government, but with the fundamental principles upon which it rests as possible, and that to accomplish this it is not necessary to establish any Federal Government agencies, but that the local agencies, the local educational institutions should be encouraged to provide the means by which that kind of an education can be furnished. So far as any of the activities of the bureau are concerned, or any of the activities of the department are concerned, we have not attempted to establish any Federal

agencies for such education. We have simply attempted to encourage the local agencies, the school districts throughout the country, to furnish the means by which such information could be furnished to aliens resident in the United States who are seeking of their own volition to become citizens of our country.

The CHAIRMAN. The statement was made that there had been demands from all over the United States for cooperation by the Bureau of Naturalization with the public schools and the teaching of candidates for citizenship at night schools. What has the department done?

Secretary WILSON. We have directed the bureau to send Mr. Crist to various places throughout the country to encourage the local educational agencies to establish school facilities. The only expense we have incurred in connection with the bureau has been the travel expenses of Mr. Crist and occasionally some of the examiners who were convenient to places where they could be of some value to go to places where they could encourage the local authorities to open night schools of this character. As a result there are upward of a thousand of these school districts of the United States that have night-school facilities for aliens, educating them along these lines. In some places they have night facilities for those working in the daytime and day-school facilities for those working at night. The only cost it has been to the Federal Government has been the traveling expenses of some of the representatives of the bureau.

The CHAIRMAN. This estimate was prepared in April and was to provide for the service for part of the last fiscal year. How much was intended to be devoted to this purpose last year?

Mr. CRIST. Not any of that. At that time there was an estimate pending before Congress that had not been disposed of.

The CHAIRMAN. The last fiscal year?

Mr. CRIST. The sundry civil bill had not been disposed of at the time the estimate was prepared.

We had assurance that we would

get the increase of $30,000 that was estimated for.

The CHAIRMAN. From whom?

Mr. CRIST. From individuals in Congress.

The CHAIRMAN. That $30,000 was not asked for for any purpose except in connection with the alien educational work?

Mr. CRIST. That is why it has no direct bearing on the proposition. The CHAIRMAN. What portion of this was to be used during the fiscal year just passed?

Mr. CRIST. For the educational work?

ALLOTMENTS TO CLERKS OF COURTS AND EXAMINERS.

The CHAIRMAN. No; any of this work, a part for the clerks and a part for the examiners?

Mr. CRIST. We had requests in from clerks of courts for between 40 and 50 clerks. We would have been obliged to give them, because of the needs, their portion of the $150,000.

The CHAIRMAN. It is very simple; a part of it was expected to be expended before the 1st of July?

Mr. CRIST. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. How much was it estimated would be spent?

Mr. CRIST. I never made any estimate, because I did not know when it was going to pass. In the first place, we would have granted the demands from the clerks of the courts and then appointed the examiners in the various districts.

The CHAIRMAN. There must have been some method of determining what was wanted last year and what was wanted this year?

Mr. CRIST. It was made up with the idea that it would last us during the remaining portion of the last fiscal year, and whatever portion remained could be used this fiscal year; that we would run it along together. There was no fixed amount. I see your point. At that time we had an amount of money in our appropriation that had accumulated from lapses, through failures to fill positions immediately on the 1st of July, vacancies occurring during the year and otherwise, which was available to expend for temporary service. We would have used that money to carry out the fiscal year and bear all of the expense in the naturalization field service. We had enough to do that. We employed and carried on the rolls about 26 temporaries until the 30th of June. That portion of the money we would have made use of until the fiscal year had run out and then come in on the 1st of July with this appropriation. The same thing would have been true of the clerks of the courts. We would probably not have used $5,000 of that money in the last fiscal year if we had gotten it on the 1st of May.

The CHAIRMAN. You said that there was a considerable public demand for this work?

Mr. CRIST. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. That was entirely stimulated by the bureau?
Mr. CRIST. Not entirely.

The CHAIRMAN. Very largely.

Mr. CRIST. I do not know how it is possible to calculate that. Originally the educational

Secretary WILSON. I think, Mr. Chairman, you are correct in that

statement.

The CHAIRMAN. Mr. Secretary, I do not know whether you are familiar with this or not, but I will read it.

An emergency estimate of $150,000 has been submitted by the bureau to meet various needs to the close of the fiscal year and to be made available during the next fiscal year in addition to our regular appropriation. It is of the greatest importance that every effort be made to secure legislative approval of this estimate, in order to meet war conditions.

In order to secure this money it will be necessary for you and your examiners in a judicious and discreet way to prevail in person and not by letter, on local influences, such as superintendents of schools, judges of courts, clerks of courts, and others, and have them write or telegraph their Representatives and Senators in Congress to appear before the members of the Appropriations Committees of the Senate and House and insist upon the bureau receiving the conservative appropriation which it has asked for. Without this additional appropriation it will be needless for you to make any request upon the bureau for any allotment in addition to those which will be made to you on the 1st of July.

4100--17-13

It should, therefore, behoove you and your examiners to make every effort to accomplish the end desired.

Please furnish the bureau with the names of the individuals interviewed in connection with the above.

Have you the list of names which was furnished in compliance with that request?

Mr. CRIST. We have everything in the files.

The CHAIRMAN. We should be glad to have you send that list to the committee.

Mr. CRIST. All right.

(The list is as follows:)

Walter P. Miller, Chamber of Commerce, Philadelphia, Pa.

Cunningham, clerk quarter sessions court, Philadelphia, Pa.

Judge Dayton, Wheeling, W. Va.

Mr. Barrett, clerk United States district court, Wheeling, W. Va.

John H. Meahl, county clerk, Buffalo, N. Y.

Anthony Ruskiewicz, president Polish Citizens' Protective Association, Buffalo, N. Y.

Mayor L. P. Fuhrmann, Buffalo, N. Y.

O. A. Leonard, county clerk, Elmira, N. Y.

John C. Wheeler, special deputy clerk, Corning, N. Y.

Hon. Joseph Sabath, judge superior court, Cook County, Ill.

Judge Kickham Scanlan, chief justice circuit court, Cook County, Ill.

Judge Joseph B. David, chief justice superior court. Cook County, Ill.

Judge Charles M. Foell, superior court, Cook County, Ill.

Judge Denis E. Sullivan, superior court, Cook County, Ill.
John Kjellander, clerk superior court, Cook County, Ill.
August W. Miller, clerk circuit court, Cook County, Ill.

Robert B. Beach, assistant business manager Chicago Association of Commerce, Chicago, Ill.

J. B. Forbes, active member Americanization committee, Chicago Association of Commerce.

Franc E. Gardner, chairman committee on Americanization, Chicago Association of Commerce.

Judge Arthur J. Tuttle, United States district court, Detroit, Mich.

Judge Alfred J. Murphy, circuit court, Detroit, Mich.

I. W. Schmidt, secretary Americanization committee, Detroit Board of Commerce, Detroit, Mich.

Milton Oakman, clerk circuit court. Detroit, Mich.

Judge L. W. Halsey, circuit court, Milwaukee, Wis.

Judge William J. Turner, circuit court, Milwaukee, Wis.

Judge Oscar M. Fritz, circuit court, Milwaukee, Wis.

Judge A. W. Fairchild, circuit court, Milwaukee, Wis.

John J. Gregory, circuit court, Milwaukee, Wis.

Guy D. Goff. Milwaukee, Wis.

F. C. Westfahl, clerk United States district court, Milwaukee, Wis.

C. C. Maas, clerk circuit court, Milwaukee, Wis.

G. W. Randolph, United States marshal, Milwaukee, Wis.

H. Schlomowitz, chief deputy bailiff, United States district court, MilwaukeeWis.

John C. Hood, clerk circuit court, Racine, Wis.

Helen L. Blyth, deputy clerk circuit court, Racine, Wis.

A. R. Graham, supervisor continuation school, Racine, Wis.

Judge Charles E. Greenwald, superior court, Gary, Ind.
James L. Hotchkiss, county clerk, Rochester, N. Y.

Judge Marshall, Trenton, N. J.

County Clerk, Parker, Trenton, N. J.

Prothonotary, Hay, Easton, Pa.

Naturalization clerk, McLoed, Elizabeth, N. J.

Naturalization clerk, Litterst, New Brunswick, N. J.
Judge Corbet, common pleas court, Brookville, Pa.

Judge Emery, common plea, court, New Castle, Pa.
Judge Vincent, Fairmont, W. Va.

Mr. Black, clerk circuit court, Fairmont, W. Va.

Judge H. G. Redington, common pleas court, Elyria, Ohio.

W. H. Oldham, jr., clerk county pleas court, Elyria, Ohio.
Prothonotary, common pleas court, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.

Judge D. C. Westenhaver, United States district court, Cleveland, Ohio.
B. C. Miller, clerk United States district court, Cleveland, Ohio.

Edmund C. Haserodt, clerk common pleas court, Cleveland, Ohio.

Judge Edgar A. Zook, San Rafael, Cal.

Judge Van Nostrand, superior court, San Francisco, Cal.

Clerk Mulcrevy, superior court, San Francisco, Cal.

Clerk Maling, United States district court, San Francisco, Cal.

Judge William M. Seufert, Hackensack, N. J.

Clerk George Van Buskirk, common pleas court, Hackensack, N. J.
Prof. William A. Smith, Hackensack, N. J.

Deputy Clerk J. Mort Towers, Paterson, N. J.

J. B. McLees, county clerk, San Diego, Cal.

O. E. Darnall, Cabrillo Club, San Diego, Cal.
Chamber of Commerce, San Diego, Cal.

Rotary Club, San Diego, Cal.

Col. Ed. Fletcher, 920 Eighth Street, San Diego, Cal.

Judge Lewis, superior court, San Diego, Cal.

Judge Sloane, superior court, San Diego, Cal.

Judge Oscar A. Trippet, United States district court, Los Angeles, Cal.
John M. Kemp, Los Angeles, Cal.

Rotary Club, Los Angeles, Cal.

Civic Club, Los Angeles, Cal.

C. A. Hunt, county clerk, Santa Barbara, Cal.
Deputy Clerk Halowell, Santa Barbara, Cal.

J. B. McCloskey, county clerk, Ventura, Cal.

Judge Rogers, superior court, Ventura, Cal.

Judge B. F. Bledsoe, United States district court, Los Angeles, Cal.

W. M. Van Dyke, clerk, United States district court, Los Angeles, Cal.

F. F. Patterson, jr., clerk, common pleas court, Camden, N. J.

G. E. Gross, county clerk, Alameda County, Cal.

Judge F. B. Ogden, superior court, Alameda County, Cal.

Judge Peter Shields, Sacramento, Cal.

Judge J. Busick, Sacramento, Cal.

Judge Jones, Nevada City, Cal.

Judge J. P. Wood, superior court, Los Angeles, Cal.

J. W. Williams, Ebensburg, Pa.

Fred M. Kay, county clerk, Humboldt County, Eureka, Cal.

Judge Denver Siever, superior court, Eureka, Cal.

Frederick Marshall, secretary of chamber of commerce, Pittsburgh, Pa.

C. H. Zurcher, clerk circuit court, Enterprise, Oreg.

L. B. Fox, president Oregon State Association of County Clerks, The Dalles, Oreg.

G. A. Gardner, clerk circuit court, Jacksonville, Oreg.

U. G. Boyer, clerk circuit court, Salem, Oreg.
Prof. F. G. Young, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oreg.
Prof. E. C. Robbins, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oreg.
A. B. Combs, jr., county clerk, Baker, Oreg.

E. J. Newton, county clerk, Corvallis, Oreg.

I. M. Herrington, county clerk, Oregon City, Oreg.

J. C. Clinton, county clerk, Astoria, Oreg.

A. F. Barnett, county clerk, St. Helens, Oreg.

L. W. Oddy, county clerk, Coquille, Oreg.

Warren Brown, county clerk, Prineville, Oreg.
J. R. Stannard, county clerk, Gold Beach, Oreg.
J. H. Hanner, county clerk, Bend, Oreg.

E. H. Lenox, county clerk, Rosebud. Oreg.
C. N. Laughrige, county clerk, Condon, Oreg.
H. W. Powell, county clerk, Canyon City, Oreg.
Chester Dalton, county clerk, Burns, Öreg.

Kent Shoemaker, county clerk, Hood River, Oreg
J. A. Gardner, county clerk, Jacksonville, Oreg.