cock Point, Bull Point or Gallionsness, Hookness, and Blackwall point, ease their engines and wait until any other vessels rounding the point with the tide have passed clear. 24. Steam-vessels crossing from one side of the river towards the other side, shall keep out of the way of vessels navigating up and down the river. 25. Where by the above rules one of two vessels is to keep out of the way, the other shall keep her course. BYE-LAWS and RULES regulating the NAVIGATION of the RIVER above TEDDINGTON. 26. When two steam-vessels proceeding in opposite directions, the one up and the other down the river, are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision, they shall pass one another port side to port side. 27. Steam-vessels navigating against the stream shall ease, and if necessary stop, to allow vessels coming down with the stream to pass clear. 28. Every steam-vessel shall when under way after sunset and before sunrise, either carry the lights required for steam-vessels by rule 5, or exhibit a bright white light on or above the stem, or on the funnel. 29. The name of every steam-vessel navigating the river shall be painted or marked and kept in plainly legible characters not less than two inches in length on the outside of both bows and on the outside of the stern; and such name and the residence of the owner shall be registered with the Conservators. 30. Any person committing any breach of or in any way infringing any of these bye-laws shall be liable to a penalty of, and shall forfeit, a sum not exceeding 51., which said penalty shall be recovered, enforced, and applied according to the provisions of the Thames Conservancy Acts, 1857 and 1864. INDEX. ABANDONMENT. See Extinguishment. ABATEMENT, of nuisances, 650, 654. in the sea and public rivers, 33, 421, 433. See Nuisances; Remedies. ACCESS, right of, on the sea shore, 33. shore of a navigable lake, 35, 90. shore of a tidal navigable river, 79, 86, 420, 421, 434. no right of the public over private lands on the sea shore or navigable is a private right to the enjoyment of land, 420, 670, 671. the invasion of which may form ground of an action for damages, the obstruction of, is actionable without proof of special damage, 88, and is an injury to property quite distinct from injury to the whether such obstruction amount to interference with the right See Sea; Tidal Navigable River; Lake. ACCRETION, property in land formed by, 22-24, 62-67, 94. if gradual, belongs to owner of land added to, 65, 94. from the sea, whether natural or artificial, by sect. 27 of 31 & 32 and being incorporated therewith for all civil and parochial ACQUIESCENCE, equitable doctrine of, with regard to the acquisition ACQUIRED RIGHTS OF WATER. See Easements. ACTION, remedy by, for infringements of rights of water, 654, 671. See Remedies. interference with public rights is the subject of, on proof of special ADMIRALTY, COURT OF, criminal jurisdiction of, over English ships on the high seas, 3, 397, origin and jurisdiction of, 398, n. jurisdiction of the admiral transferred to the Central Criminal Court jurisdiction of, over foreign ships under 41 & 42 Vict. c. 73..8, 397. has no cognizance of offences committed on the sea shore forming the justices of which have cognizance thereof, 13. the various duties and powers of, as to ports transferred to the ALLUVION, property in land formed by, in the sea, 22—24. in private streams, 94. See Tidal Navigable River; Private River. AMERICA, law of, as to lakes, 100. riparian ownership, 105. ANCHORAGE, the right of, included in the right of navigation, 4, 396, 416-418. the right to take, in a port implies a duty in the owner to decisions as to, 558-563. See Tolls. and beaconage dues, rateability of, 617. See Rates. ARTIFICIAL WATERCOURSE, easement of, 103-107, 247-260. the most important, viz. canals and sewers, &c., are the creatures rights in, are acquired solely by grant or prescription, and are not are incorporeal rights, 106, 204, 247, 260. effect of grant of, 209-211. ownership of soil of, 102. right of fishery in, is primâ facie incident to the ownership of the rights in, depend on the character of the watercourse and the cir- pollution of, 154, 157, 247—250, 257–260. diversion of a natural stream by, 122, 154, 250. liability of landowner for escape of water where an artificial has been casement to discharge water by, 203, 251. to receive water by, 251, 252. right of servient owner to compel dominant owner to continue dis- See Canal; Watercourse; Diversion; Pollution. AVON (THE HAMPSHIRE) NAVIGATION ACT, 451, n., 459, n. BALLAST, rubbish, &c., throwing into rivers, prohibition against, under 54 Geo. 3, c. 159. .474. BANKS, into the Thames, 465. is a nuisance, and indictable, 422. of a watercourse, definition of, 54. See Watercourse. of a tidal navigable river, ownership of, 78. right of landing and towing on, 78, 419. of canals, duty of owners of, to repair, 303. See Tidal Navigable River; Private River; Canal. BARGE, A FLOATING, rateability of, 611, 612, 614. See Rates. BATHING, no common law right of, in open sea or tidal rivers, 40. and the public is not justified in passing over private property custom of, gives no right to use machines, 41. laws of decency must be respected in enjoyment of, 41. BOARD OF TRADE, powers of, as to ports, 45, 400. rights and interests of the Crown in the foreshores transferred to, Arbitrations Act, 1876 (37 & 38 Vict. c. 40), provisions of, as to BOUNDARY, of the realm of England, 1, 5-9, 11. of counties on the sea and tidal rivers, 13, 67, 68. of parishes on tidal rivers, 13, 67, 68. of the sea shore, 12. of grants by the Crown on the sea shore, 18. on tidal rivers, 62, 71. of lands on non-tidal waters, 93, 94, 97. of lands on large navigable lakes, 98-101. international rights as to, on rivers bounding two States, 68, n. BRIDGES, definition of, 503. prerogative of Crown as to owners of, similar to that as to owners of |