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WASHINGTON, D. C
42
96
LAWS OF
MARITIME WARFARE
AFFECTING
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF BELLIGERENTS
As Existing on August 1, 1914
SWANN-500- (6vols.)
CONTENTS.
Page.
The area and objects of maritime war_
9
Projectiles and weapons forbidden in warfare___
11
Treatment of merchant ship, in enemy port at outbreak of war, or when
ignorant of outbreak__
13
Treatment of merchant ship, unable to leave enemy port, by reason of
force majeure----
29
Treatment of enemy merchant ships encountered on the high seas while
ignorant of the outbreak of war and which left their last port of de-
parture before war began_-_.
Treatment of enemy cargo on board merchant ships either in enemy port
at outbreak of war or when ignorant of outbreak, or if unable to leave
enemy port by reason of force majeure, or if encountered on the high
seas while ignorant of the outbreak of war and having left their last
port of departure before war began_-_-
Merchant ships unsuitable for conversion into warships not affected by
Hague Convention VI, 1907___
Enemy public and private vessels subject to capture and all enemy goods
on board liable to seizure___
Trading with the enemy forbidden, except with governmental permission_
Neutral or enemy character of goods on board enemy vessel determined
by neutral or enemy character of owner_.
Goods on board enemy vessel presumed to be enemy goods, in absence of
proof to the contrary-
Enemy goods on enemy vessel retain character throughout voyage-
exception in case of stoppage in transit_
Blockade limited to ports and coasts of enemy, or occupied by him.
198
Blockade must be maintained by force sufficient to prevent access_.
Effectiveness of blockade question of fact___
204
217
Blockade not raised by temporary withdrawal of blockaders, due to severe
weather__.
242
Blockade to be impartially applied.
247
Warships may be permitted to enter and leave blockaded port__
255
Blockade may be waived in favor of neutral vessel in distress_
259
Declaration and notification of blockade necessary.
266
Blockade declaration, by whom made and what it contains__
272
Blockade declaration void and new declaration necessary unless blockade
operations tally with statements of declaration_.
287
Blockade declaration, how notified
291
Extension and reestablishment of blockade subject to rules as to declara-
tion and notification
303
Notification to be given of voluntary raising of blockade or restriction
in its limits
307
Liability to capture depends upon knowledge of blockade_
When knowledge of blockade presumed___
314
321
How notice of blockade given to vessel innocently approaching blockaded
port; effect of lack of declaration or faulty declaration to local au-
thorities
When captures for breach of blockade may be made__
Blockade not to be directed against neutral ports_-
346
360
Capture for breach of blockade not to be made when vessel on way to
nonblockaded port---
367
Vessel liable to capture for breach of blockade remains so liable so long
as pursued by blockader, unless in meantime blockade is raised__.
387