work outside the shop of Mr. T. White, butcher, of Westgate street, and in the course of their excavations they discovered a human skull and bones, and also some large stones which appeared like a portion of the foundation of some ancient building. There can be no doubt that this building was formerly Holy Trinity Church, which Fosbrooke, in his History of Gloucester, says "stood in the middle of Westgate street, nearly opposite to the Upper College Court, and consisted of one aisle, with a beautiful tower at the West end. From the ruinous state of the church in 1698 it was taken down, and only a part of the west end preserved for an engine house, and the beautiful tower. Under this a conduit was erected in 1702; but by the Act of 23 George II. from obstruction of the street it was taken down, together with a middle row of buildings up to the Cross. The materials, instead of being employed in some other publick religious building on the spot, were shamefully sold to rebuild the parish church at Upton-on-Severn." According to Sir R. Atkins the church possessed a "convenient clock," which was placed in the tower, and afterwards the site of the church was turned into a market, "but," adds the writer, "so well regulated as to give no disturbance to the many worthy magistrates of the city interred beneath." In these days of sanitary improvements it would seem, however, from the discovery of human remains that some "worthy magistrate" has been unearthed from "his narrow cell." During the Civil War the church and also that of St. Mary de Lode were utilised as prisons for the Welsh prisoners taken from Lord Herbert. Fosbrooke, in another part of his history, writes of the Holy Trinity Church as follows: "This benefice was anciently a Rectory, but in 1391 became a Vicarage appropriated to St. Peter's Abbey (the cathedral), and was granted at the dissolution to the Dean and Chapter. By an Ordinance of Parliament in 1648, this parish was united to St. Nicholas, and the church granted to the Corporation, and to be employed as an English School, to which use it was applied accordingly. The seats, bells, &c,, were removed to the Chapel of St. Bartholomew's, Teynton, St. Nicholas, and other places. At the Restoration the Parish again became distinct, but the church was in so ruinous a state that it was pulled down. There were Chantries, and fraternity dedicated to Thomas à Becket. House in Gore Lane, now part of the endowment of the School and Hospital at Cheltenham, was anciently called Trinity College, and therein all the Priests of this Church used to reside."..... 'The beautiful Tower,' says Archdeacon Furney, 'at the west end does now remain an ornament to the City, and is employed for placing the Public Bell, and beneath, a fair conduit was erected in 1701-1702.'" As stated above this conduit and tower were subsequently taken down. To possess an alarm or town bell, Fosbrooke states, was a civic privilege, and all persons within the district were bound to come at summons. It was rung upon receiving news of an intended seige, and was also used for giving alarm of robberies, and of fire, and to call up artizans to work. It is somewhat difficult to name the time of the erection of the church, but there is little doubt that it was of a very early date. The first incumbent mentioned by Forbrooke was a rector whose Christian name was William, no surname being given, and he lived in the reign of Henry III. The patron was the reigning sovereign until about 1500, when the living passed over to the Abbey of Gloucester, and in 1562 became the gift of the Dean and Chapter. The last incumbent was Richard Marwood, minor canon, who was appointed in 1627, and he, Fosbrooke writes, "has left behind him a curious manuscript, now in the library of the Dean and Chapter. It consists of items of the money he received from every parishioner, written in the following form:-' Received of William Sandie, lodging at William Joaneses, a journeyman shoemaker, for his handes this yeare, 1625 iid.' Under the article Servantes which received the Holy Communion at Trinitie, 1637,' the offering of each is specified by name; and it appears that his emoluments from the benefice chiefly consisted in small sums of this kind.” The historian is evidently struck with the remarkable cheapness of pigs in the medieval ages, for he mentions that "Under the year 1629 a tithe-pig is valued at xiid.," and concludes his comments on the MS. by observing that "it may be of use in determining the ancient claims of the Vicar." 66 Queries and Replies. The Lloyds of Gloucester.-In answer to the query under this heading, I write to say that I have in my possession a sermon Preached at the Interrment (sic) Of that Excellently accomplisht Gentlemen, Tho. Lloyd, Esq., late of WheatenHurst, in the County of Gloucester, upon Tuesday, the 22th (sic) of December, 1668, by Tho. Woolnough, Rector of the Parish of St. Michael, in the City of Gloucester." Printed by James Collins, 1669. I presume Mr. Harris is aware of the pedigree of the Lloyd family in the Visitations of Gloucestershire. They are to be found in the Visitation taken 1623 (Edited by Sir John Machan and W. C. Heane 1885) at pp. 104, 105, and in the Visitation taken in 1682-3 (Edited by T. F. Fenwick and W. C. Metcalfe, 1884) at pp. 116, 117. F. A. HYETtt. It might possibly be of use to those interested in Gloucestershire, if readers of "Gloucestershire Notes and Queries" would kindly send memoranda of any references to Gloucestershire persons, with which they may meet on inscriptions, in deeds, registers, &c. For my own part, I should be glad to receive any references to Painswick, either through Glos. N. and Q. or direct. Public Library, Wandsworth. CECIL T. DAVIS. The Prymer or Prayer-book of the lay people in the Middle Ages in English, dating about 1400 A.D. Edited, with Introduction and Notes, from the MSS. (G 24) in St. John's College, Cambridge, by Henry Littlehales. Part II. Collection of MSS. with a temporary introduction, etc. London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1892, royal 8°, ch. pp. 20-76. This book is beautifully printed and is illustrated with two excellent facsimiles of MSS. primers, one being that in the British Museum, 1711, and the other the Glasgow primer, this latter being of peculiar interest from the fact that the text is given in both English and Latin. In a former volume Mr. Littlehales has given the full text of an English primer, and in the third promises to deal with the history of the primer, its relation to service books proper, and its use both in church and at home. The present volume is devoted to the collation of thirteen manuscripts, each of which is very carefully described, and the manner in which the author has performed his task leaves little to be desired. The English primer was probably more popular than the Latin, and Mr. Littlehales, in his introduction, gives some facts proving this, and tending at the same time to explain why more Latin copies are now to be found. This introduction consists of some brief notes, and though we may not agree with the views advanced and inferences drawn, yet it will be read with interest, and must prove a valuable contribution to the literature of ritual, and its promised enlargement in Volume III. cannot fail to be of great value. Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archeological Society for 1891-92. Vol. XVI., Parts I. and II. The yearly issue of this society is before us, and continues to maintain its usual high standard. In 1892 the society held meetings at Malmesbury, Moreton-in-the-Marsh, and Gloucester. The first led to two interesting papers; one on the architecture of Malmesbury Abbey, by Mr. Bazley, and the other on the sculptures in the south porch there, by Mrs. Bagnall. The charming illustrations of these sculptures by Mrs. Bagnall-Oakeley almost tempt us to forgive the insertion of these two papers. But we cannot, for if there is one rule that should be adhered to it is that local societies should rigidly confine their attention, as far as their transactions are concerned, to their own districts. These valuable papers are practically lost to Wiltshire antiquaries, and the printing and illustration cost money, which should be devoted to Gloucestershire history. Of the 22 illustrations in this volume, no less than 12 have nothing whatever to do with Gloucestershire. Such a fact calls for a very strong protest, and the council will do well to consider whether it would not be advantageous to restrict the society's work more closely to the county than of late has sometimes been the case. Several of the papers in this part are of distinct value. We are given a good paper on Bourton-on-the-Hill by Mr. Royce, and another on ladies' costume by Mrs. Bagnall-Oakley, whose facile pencil has illustrated her paper, with sketches of several monuments to ladies of the Berkeley family, and others. Sir Henry Barkly's critical paper upon Arnold de Berkeley, Baron of the Exchequer in 1264, who seems to have been a member of the Coberley family, will be read with interest by many. The excerpts from the Feet of Fines which Sir John Maclean gives are useful and interesting so far as they go, but it is a mistake to print merely a selection; soon or later they will all have to be reprinted in some complete series. Two short papers follow by Mr. Bazley and Mr. Latimer on the Early English Lady chapel at Gloucester and the manor of Clifton respectively, and the volume concludes with an exceedingly interesting and valuable paper by the Rev. C. S. Taylor on Gloucestershire in the eighth century. The Illustrated Archæologist, Edited by J. Romilly Allen, No. 1, crown somewhere about fifty illustrations are given, many of them being very well executed and of great interest. If only future numbers keep up to the high standard adopted for the start there can be no doubt that the magazine must be a success. There is nothing like it at present, and it would be difficult to improve upon its general style. It is extremely well printed, and the publisher has done well to select a highly glazed paper which sets off the engravings to good advantage, thus breaking through what of late years has become almost an article of faith with some, that antiquarian works must be printed on rough paper, presumably because our ancestors used the like. Rough paper has the disadvantage that it harbours dirt, is bad for the illustrations, and if it be very rough is positively unpleasant to read from. Three articles call for special notice. They are "A very Ancient Industry," being an account of the manufacture of flints, which for many ages has been carried on at the out-of-the-way village of Brandon in Suffolk. The three photo engravings, showing an old flint worker busily employed at his cottage door, are especially good. Others besides architects will be interested by the Editor's account of the sculptured Roman capitals at Southwell Minster, with seven large views of them. The article on the Grosvenor Museum at Chester is interesting for the excellent photographs of Roman tombstones. We certainly can heartily congratulate both editor and publisher upon the new venture. The Lippincotts in England and America, Edited from the Genealogical Papers of the late James S. Lippincott. 4, pp 44. The printing of this pamphlet is due to Mr. James J. Goodwin, whose history of the Goodwin family was recently noticed in our pages. Evidence is brought forward to show that the name is derived from a place now known as Lovecott in Devonshire. We have the connection of the early American Lippincotts, who appear to have been Quakers, traced back to England. Gloucestershire readers will be interested in the particulars of the Lippincotts of Over Court, whose probable line of descent is shown from Roger de Luvecote temp Richard I. "Thoughts that breathe and words that burn"; from the writings of Francis Bacon, Baron of Verulam, Viscount St. Albans, and Lord High Chancellor of England: Selected by Alexander B. Grosart. London: Elliot Stock, cl. 16o. pp. xviil., 206. This is another of the Elizabethan Litrary, not inferior to any of the volumes which have preceded it. It is needless to remind the reader that the writings of Lord Bacon stand in the first rank, and many who have not the leisure to study his works at large, will welcome the opportunity of learning something about them. The selections are mostly from his literary works. It is well nigh impossible to mention any special extract, for they are all picked examples, and as the Editor bewails the difficulty he has |