Carlisle, first in talent as in seniority, Mr. Ellis, Mr. Amyot, and Mr. Markland, to reconcile the statute which prescribes that there" shall be no debate" at the councils of the Society, with that which specially directs, that it is the duty of the president to "regulate all the debates of the Society and of the Council!"

ADVERSARIA.

MOTTO OF THE Order of THE GARTER.-It is curious that the motto of this order, "Honi soit qui mal y pense," should never have been properly translated; for how few persons are aware that it has any other meaning than the almost unintelligible one of " Evil be to him who evil thinks?" The proper version is, however, "Dishonoured be he who thinks ill of it."

WHEN the Earl of Warwick was appointed preceptor to Henry the Sixth, in November, 1432, who was then about eleven years of age, the Earl took the precaution to secure the protection of the Duke of Gloucester, and the other Lords of the Privy Council, against the effects of the young monarch's displeasure, in case he should "chastise" his Majesty. The part of the " Articles" in which this fact occurs is not a little curious: "Item that consideryng howe, blessid be God, the Kyng is growen in yeeres, in stature of his persone, and also in conceyte and knoweleche of his hiegh and royal auctoritee and estate, the whiche naturally causen hym, and from day to day as he groweth shal causen him more and more, to grucche with chastysing and to lothe it, so that it may resonably be doubted, leste he wol conceyve ayenst the seid Erle, or eny other that wol take upon hym to chastyce hym for his defaultes, displesire, or indignation therefore, the whiche withouten due assistence is not esy to be borne."-Rolls of Parliament, vol. v. p. 433.

SINGULAR TENURE.-By an inquisition held on the death of William Corbet, in the 11th Ed. I. 1282, it was found that he held certain lands and tenements in Chotington "per serjanciam faciendi servicium unius hominis peditis in exercitu Domini Regis, cum contigerit guerram moveri inter Dominum Regem et Principem Walliæ, sumptibus ipsius Willielmi, donec homo ille dimidium bacon' illo expendiderit."-Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs, p. 549.

ANCIENT INK.-The excellence of the ink used in former ages has been often the subject of observation, but we believe that few receipts of the manner in which it was made have reached us: hence the following, which occurs on a piece of parchment in the hand of the fifteenth century, and is pasted on the first leaf of the Cottonian MS. Titus A. XXII, may perhaps be acceptable :

"Uncia gallarum, miscentur et uncia gummi
Bis 2o vitrioli, superaddas octo falerni."

Statutes, p. 23.

Origines Genealogica; or, the Sources whence English Genealogies may be traced, from the Conquest to the present Time: accompanied by Specimens of Ancient Records, Rolls, and Manuscripts, with Proofs of their Genealogical Utility. Published expressly for the Assistance of Claimants to Hereditary Titles, Honours, or Estates. By Stacey Grimaldi, F.S.Ă. 4to. pp. 342. £3. 3s.

A KNOWLEDGE of the repositories of information by which either ancient or modern pedigrees may be traced has been hitherto confined to so small a number of persons, that any attempt to render the public acquainted with them ought to be received with indulgence; but the satisfactory manner in which the task has been performed by Mr. Grimaldi must ensure to him the respect of antiquaries, and the gratitude of his profession. It is true that the work is not perfect, nor are the illustrations so useful as they might have been rendered: but the individual who, in the first edition, has been able to present so much useful information, will, we are convinced, continue his researches for the improvement of a future impression; and we have no doubt that Mr. Grimaldi will ultimately form one of the most valuable books of reference which have been offered to the attention of the lawyer, the biographer, or the antiquary.

The plan of this volume is a very good one. The records are noticed in chronological order, and, after a description of their contents, a copy of one or two of them is inserted, to which are added "proofs of their genealogical utility."

Besides the description of the various records, the author has occasionally offered some observations which are well worthy of attention, and prove that he has no inconsiderable acquaintance with the subject. Of these, his comments on the present law respecting the necessity of documents being in "proper custody," to enable them to be received as evidence, have our entire concurrence'. The chapter which is decidedly the most imperfect is that on "Coats of Arms" not that what is said is erroneous, but because the most useful remarks of which the subject admits do not occur. Too little notice is taken of the invaluable collection of charters in the British Museum, many of which extend to a later period than the reign of Charles the First, and we know that the majority are very much older than the time of Richard the Second. To these documents we would particularly invite the author's best attention, as in one instance we are aware of charters which establish no less than five descents of a pedigree; and there are but few families whose genealogy would not receive material illustrations from them. In p. 28, a reference occurs to Le Neve's "Monumenta Anglicana;" but a voluminous collection of inscriptions by him, of a much earlier date than these, printed by the same author, exist in the Museum. When speaking of the Scotch Rolls, Mr. Grimaldi notices that they are frequently quoted by Dugdale, but probably he is not aware that in numerous

instances in which that eminent writer has done so, no such facts appear among the printed records which bear that designation. To these brief remarks we will only add, what may serve as a note to the chapter on " Wills and Administrations," that a very considerable number of original wills are preserved among the charters in the British Museum, and that in many cases they will also be found among the private evidences of families.

Our opinion of the value of Mr. Grimaldi's labours is, it must be obvious, extremely high; and our respect for his industry, intelligence, and zeal, is proportionate to that opinion. That he will speedily be called upon to publish another edition is unquestionable; and it is under that impression that we entreat him to collect all the additional information in his power, and to revise the style of his work with great care. His modest apology on the subject might be successful in the case of a man of less talent; but such anomalies for example, as saying, "that time had destroyed all the coffin-plates that was found in the vault," must have arisen from inattention alone; and therefore they may not be easily excused. An octavo form, and a less price, would act as powerful recommendations to a work which must be useful to every man who is interested in genealogical researches, whether from professional or literary motives.

A Letter to the Right Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen, K.T., President of the Society of Antiquaries, on the Expediency of attaching a Museum of Antiquities to that Institution. Pp. 19.

AN effort, on the part of an officer of the Society of Antiquaries, to render that institution of some public utility, is an event so extraordinary, even if it be not wholly unprecedented, that we cannot help entertaining the opinion that it is to the "Retrospective Review" it may be mainly attributed. Not that we assume to ourselves the merit of having in any degree suggested the measure which is advocated. All we claim is the poor virtue of having convinced the most intelligent of the officers of the Society that something more was expected of him than to sit in a certain chair on certain occasions.

This well written pamphlet is the production of Mr. Markland, the Director, to whom we took the liberty of alluding in a very pointed manner in our last number; and the success which has attended the object of those remarks at once proves their utility, and forms our apology for having so rudely disturbed his tranquillity. Mr. Markland has commenced his "Letter" by stating, that as he had recently, that is, on the 23rd of April last, been honoured with the appointment of Director of the Society of Antiquaries, he has addressed its President upon a subject which he considers likely to promote those studies for the cultivation of which the Society was incorporated; that it was "not without reflection and previous discussion with some of the most experienced members that he has come forward; but finding that their opinions strongly coincide with his own, he is encouraged to hope that the object which he has in

view will receive the favourable consideration of his Lordship and of the Society at large.",

The proposition is simply to appropriate one apartment of the Society, as "a Museum or Repository of Antiquities," for the reception of remains of "English antiquities ;" and the learned Director proceeds to show that such was the original intention of the founders of the Society. He then details the advantages that would accrue from it, and the sources whence the materials for such a Museum could probably be derived. If this proposition be received with coldness, it can only arise from the fear that it would regenerate a taste for those useless relics which most people hope has entirely passed away. The brick and mortar antiquaries of the last age have always been objects of ridicule or contempt; for what can be the use of preserving a piece of brass or marble which elucidates nothing, tells nothing, and to which, in many cases, no possible explanation can be given? That it was ancient was a sufficient recommendation to the F.S.A.'s of the last generation; and perhaps enough of the old gentlemen yet remain to render the institution of an hospital for the nourishment of their unfortunate predilections somewhat dangerous. If we could be convinced that nothing would be admitted into the proposed Museum but what was really useful or really beautiful, we should strenuously advocate the adoption of the plan; though at present we are decidedly of opinion that rational antiquarian knowledge -that knowledge which illustrates our history, the manners of the times, and the state of the arts, with all the other objects of useful inquiry-would be a thousand times more advantageously attained by the publication of valuable manuscripts, such, for instance, as are suffered to moulder away in the Society's library, and which never can be rendered useful unless they are printed by that institution.

Thus, then, we rejoice much more at the zeal which this pamphlet indicates, than at the peculiar direction which it has taken; and though we do not enter so warmly into Mr. Markland's views as many of his confreres of the present Council probably do, we sincerely respect the motives in which his pamphlet has originated, and which augur favourably of his fitness for the situation to which he was so very unexpectedly elected, or, to use the much more appropriate expression adopted by the Director himself, "appointed."

For the Director of the Society of Antiquaries of London, in 1828, Mr. Markland, has asked some very extraordinary questions, and he appears to entertain no less extraordinary ideas. In one place we actually find the following paragraph:

"It may be asked, how does it happen that, although more than half a century has elapsed since the Society was incorporated, and nearly the same period since it has occupied its present apartments, the nucleus of a collection should barely have been formed?"

To which he answers, that it has arisen from a deficiency of space. We, on the contrary, attribute it, with much more justice, to a want of zeal, to that torpor which now prevails over every thing connected with the Society, and from which it has long been our earnest endeavour to arouse its Fellows. Mr. Markland has ventured to cite the example of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Did he not,

as an officer of the Society of Antiquaries of London, blush scarlet at the moment in which he did so? for a comparison of the labours of the two institutions is sufficient to fill all the members of the latter with shame. We do not there find animated mummies consuming about two hundred pounds per annum of its funds; nor is the direction of its affairs committed to men who are unacquainted with any other manuscripts than their ledgers or their music-books. Its officers are animated by the most honourable zeal to promote a knowledge of the history of their country, instead of by the mere craving after pelf and emolument; and every shilling of its limited funds is appropriated to the objects of the Society, instead of being squandered away in bad engravings, ridiculously high salaries for most trifling services, or in eating and drinking.

CREATIONS OF HONOURS, CHANGES OF NAME, &c. From the London Gazettes, from November 27th, 1827, to January 25th, 1828. November 27.-Whitehall, November 26.-The King has been pleased to order a Congé d'élire to pass the Great Seal empowering the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Winchester to elect a Bishop of that See, void by the death of Doctor George Pretyman Tomline, late Bishop thereof; and his Majesty has also been pleased to recommend to the said Dean and Chapter the Right Reverend Father in God Doctor Charles Richard Sumner, now Bishop of Landaff, to be elected by them Bishop of the said See of Winchester.

December 4-Whitehall, December 3.-The King has been pleased to give and grant unto Ann Rutherford, of the town and county of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Spinster, daughter of Thomas Rutherford, late of the same place, Esq., deceased, by Jane his wife, sister of the late Ralph Atkinson, of Angerton, in the county of Northumberland, and of the said town and county of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Esq., deceased, His royal licence and authority, that she may, in compliance with a clause contained in the last will and testament of the aforesaid Ralph Atkinson, take and use the surname of Atkinson only, and also bear the arms of Atkinson; such arms being first duly exemplified according to the laws of arms, and recorded in the Herald's Office, otherwise the said licence and permission to be void and of none effect: and also to command that the said royal concession and declaration be registered in his Majesty's College of Arms.

December 7.-Whitehall, November 30.-The King has been pleased to give and grant unto Joseph Sawle Sawle, heretofore Joseph Sawle Graves, of Penrice, in the county of Cornwall, Esq., only surviving son and heir of the late Rear-Admiral John Graves, of Barley, in the county of Devon, deceased, by Elizabeth his wife, formerly Elizabeth Sawle, also deceased, His royal licence and authority, that the said Joseph Sawle Sawle, and his issue, may, from a feeling of grateful and affectionate respect for the memory of his late father, the said Rear-Admiral John Graves, take and henceforth use his paternal name of Graves in addition to and before that of Sawle; that he may be called Joseph Sawle Graves Sawle, and that he and his said issue may bear the arms of Graves, quarterly in the second quarter, with the arms of Sawle; such arms being, &c.

December 11.-Whitehall, November 23.-The King has been pleased to give and grant unto Henry Flower, of Hurley, in the county of Bucks, Esq., (commonly called the Honourable Henry Flower), eldest and only surviving son and heir-apparent of the Right Honourable Henry Jeffrey Flower, Viscount Ashbrook, in that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, called Ireland, by Deborah Susannah, his late wife, deceased, only child and heiress of the Reverend William Maximilian Freind, Tate of King's-street, St. James's-square, in the county of Middlesex, Clerk, and of Deborah his wife, who was only child and heiress of Thomas Walker, some time of New Woodstock, in the county of Oxford, Esq., also deceased, His royal licence and authority,