The Underlying Principles of Indian Fiscal AdministrationChapman & Hall, 1880 - 165페이지 |
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abwabs amount annual annuities assessment Bank of England Bank of France Bombay Bombay Harbour broad gauge Budget burdens capital carried charge classes commerce compensation money contract cost Council cultivation Custom duties debt of India direct taxation effect England enterprise equal existing expenditure extend famine fixed gold debt Government of India harbour holders improvement increase Indian Finance interest land in Bengal land rent land revenue landholders liabilities licence tax line of railway loans Lord Cornwallis means ment narrow gauge Native object obligations opium ordinary Orissa paid payable payment Permanent Settlement Peshawur present principles produce proportion proprietors Provinces public debt purchase purposes railway company railway debt raised reason redemption reductions regard rupee ryots salt duties Secretary share silver Sir John Strachey Sir William Muir source of revenue statute surplus Syed Ameer Ali tion trade trunk lines Turkey whole of India zemindars
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145 페이지 - Council in that behalf, with a fractional part for any broken half-year, the rate of interest which shall be used in calculating such annuity being determined by the average rate of interest during the preceding two years received in London upon public obligations of the East India Company and...
52 페이지 - Hindus, who form the body of the people, are compelled, by the dictates of religion, to depend solely upon the produce of the lands for subsistence ; and the generality of such of the lower orders of the natives as are not of that persuasion are, from habit or necessity, in a similar predicament. "The extensive failure or destruction of the crops that occasionally arises from drought or inundation is in consequence invariably followed by famine, the ravages of which are felt chiefly by the cultivators...
66 페이지 - Government, under which it appeared to be a general maxim, that the immediate cultivator of the soil, duly paying his rent, should not be dispossessed of the land he occupied. This necessarily supposes that there were some measures and limits by which the rent could be defined, and that it was not left to the arbitrary determination of the zemindar ; for otherwise such a rule would be nugatory ; and in point of fact the original amount seems to have been annually ascertained and fixed by the act...
52 페이지 - In the British territories in Bengal, the greater part of the materials required for the numerous and valuable manufactures, and most of the other principal articles of export, are the produce of the lands: it follows, that the commerce and consequently the wealth of the country, must increase in proportion to the extension of its agriculture.
141 페이지 - Bombay ; and in case of such notice being given, the said Railway Company shall at the expiration thereof, surrender and relinquish the said railway and works accordingly, together with the telegraphs (if any), and shall, with all convenient speed, sell any lands in Great Britain which may then be held by the said Railway Company, for the purpose of their business, and pay the clear moneys to be produced by such sale to the...
51 페이지 - ... at the expiration of the term of the settlement no alteration will be made in the assessment which they have respectively engaged to pay, but that they and their heirs and lawful successors will be allowed to hold their estates at such assessment for ever.
144 페이지 - ... calculated according to the mean market value in London of such shares or stock during the three years immediately preceding the expiration of the said period of...
145 페이지 - ... and shall also be bound to indemnify the company against all such debts and liabilities (if any) as they may have incurred to or with the sanction of the Government, and as shall be then subsisting; and thereupon the aforesaid covenant for payment of interest shall cease.
66 페이지 - Our interposition, where it is necessary, seems also to be clearly consistent with the practice of the Mogul Government, under which it appeared to be a general maxim that the immediate cultivator of the soil, duly paying his rent, should not be dispossessed of the land he occupied.
52 페이지 - ... have from time to time demanded an increase of assessment from the proprietors of land, and that, for the purpose of obtaining this increase, not only frequent investigations have been made to ascertain the actual produce of their estates, but that it has been the practice to deprive them of the management of their lands, and either to let them in farm or to appoint officers on the part of government to collect the assessment immediately from the ryots.