Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyParker, Son, and Bourn, 1862 |
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viii ÆäÀÌÁö
... 2. Increase of fixed capital , when at the expense of circu- lating , might be detrimental to the labourers . 3 . - this seldom if ever occurs 112 115 119 CHAPTER VII . On what depends the degree of Productive- viii CONTENTS .
... 2. Increase of fixed capital , when at the expense of circu- lating , might be detrimental to the labourers . 3 . - this seldom if ever occurs 112 115 119 CHAPTER VII . On what depends the degree of Productive- viii CONTENTS .
ix ÆäÀÌÁö
... depends the degree of Productive- ness of Productive Agents . ¡× 1. Land , labour , and capital , are of different productiveness at different times and places . 2. Causes of superior productiveness . Natural advantages 3 . 4 ...
... depends the degree of Productive- ness of Productive Agents . ¡× 1. Land , labour , and capital , are of different productiveness at different times and places . 2. Causes of superior productiveness . Natural advantages 3 . 4 ...
xii ÆäÀÌÁö
... depend on the demand and supply of labour - in other words , on population and capital . 2. Examination of some popular opinions respecting wages 409 410 3. Certain rare circumstances excepted , high wages imply restraints xii CONTENTS .
... depend on the demand and supply of labour - in other words , on population and capital . 2. Examination of some popular opinions respecting wages 409 410 3. Certain rare circumstances excepted , high wages imply restraints xii CONTENTS .
xiv ÆäÀÌÁö
... depend on prices , nor on purchase and sale 6. The advances of the capitalist consist ultimately in wages of labour • 7. The rate of profit depends on the Cost of Labour CHAPTER XVI . Of Rent . ¡× 1. Rent the effect of a natural monopoly ...
... depend on prices , nor on purchase and sale 6. The advances of the capitalist consist ultimately in wages of labour • 7. The rate of profit depends on the Cost of Labour CHAPTER XVI . Of Rent . ¡× 1. Rent the effect of a natural monopoly ...
25 ÆäÀÌÁö
... depend on causes . And it is not a sufficient explanation to ascribe them exclusively to the degrees of knowledge , pos- sessed at different times and places , of the laws of nature and the physical arts of life . Many other causes co ...
... depend on causes . And it is not a sufficient explanation to ascribe them exclusively to the degrees of knowledge , pos- sessed at different times and places , of the laws of nature and the physical arts of life . Many other causes co ...
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accumulation additional advance advantage agricultural already amount appear applied become called capital carried causes condition consequence considerable considered consists consumed consumption cultivation demand depends desire diminished distribution economy effect employed employment enable England equal equivalent example exertion exist expense extent fact farmer farms fixed funds give given greater hands human important improvement income increase individual industry interest kind labour land laws least less limited live maintain manner manufacture material means ment mode nature necessary objects obtained occupation once operations paid persons political population portion possess practical present principle production profit proportion proprietors quantity question received remuneration render require result rich saving society soil sufficient supply suppose term things thousand tion unless unproductive usually wants wealth whole
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244 ÆäÀÌÁö - It is not so with the Distribution of Wealth. That is a matter of human institution solely. The things once there, mankind, individually or collectively, can do with them as they like.
243 ÆäÀÌÁö - The laws and conditions of the production of wealth, partake of the character of physical truths.
461 ÆäÀÌÁö - ... first, the agreeableness or disagreeableness of the employments themselves; secondly, the easiness and cheapness, or the difficulty and expense of learning them; thirdly, the constancy or inconstancy of employment in them; fourthly, the small or great trust which must be reposed in those who exercise them; and, fifthly, the probability or improbability of success in them.
153 ÆäÀÌÁö - This great increase of the quantity of work which, in consequence of the division of labour, the same number of people are capable of performing, is owing to three different circumstances; first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman; secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another ; and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
292 ÆäÀÌÁö - This is partly intelligible, if we consider that only through the principle of competition has political economy any pretension to the character of a science.
70 ÆäÀÌÁö - The distinction, then, between Capital and Not-capital, does not lie in the kind of commodities, but in the mind of the capitalist — in his will to employ them for one purpose rather than another ; and all property, however ill adapted in itself for the use of labourers, is a part of capital, so soon as it, or the value to be received from it, is set apart for productive employment. The sum of all the values so destined by their respective possessors, composes the capital of the country.
v ÆäÀÌÁö - Nations" is in many parts obsolete, and in all, imperfect. Political Economy, properly so called, has grown up almost from infancy since the time of Adam Smith : and the philosophy of society, from which practically that eminent thinker never separated his more peculiar theme, though still in a very early stage of its progress, has advanced many steps beyond the point at which he left it. No attempt, however, has yet been made to combine his practical mode of treating his subject with the increased...
321 ÆäÀÌÁö - The peasants f are the great and ever-present objects of country life. They are the great population of the country, because they themselves are the possessors. This country is, in fact, for the most part, in the hands of the people. It is parcelled out among the multitude. . . , The peasants are not, as with us, for the most part, totally cut off from property in the soil they cultivate, totally dependent on the labor afforded by others— they are themselves the proprietors.
462 ÆäÀÌÁö - A mason or bricklayer, on the contrary, can work neither in hard frost nor in foul weather, and his employment at all other times depends upon the occasional calls of his customers. He is liable, in consequence, to be frequently without any. What he earns, therefore, while he is employed, must not only maintain him while he is idle, but make him some compensation for those anxious and desponding moments which the thought of so precarious a situation must sometimes occasion.
445 ÆäÀÌÁö - No remedies for low wages have the smallest chance of being efficacious, which do not operate on and through the minds and habits of the people.