CROSS REFERENCES Rewards for inventions and service improvements, see chapter 25 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§ 847a. Same; utilization of facilities of National Bureau of Standards; assistance from other departments.

In carrying out its functions under section 847 of this title, the Department is authorized, pursuant to section 686 of Title 31, or other applicable law, to utilize the research and testing facilities of the National Bureau of Standards and to procure advice and assistance from any department or independent establishment in the executive branch of the Government. (Aug. 16, 1949, ch. 459, § 2, 63 Stat. 608.) § 848. Travel expenses; payment from appropriation. Necessary expenses of officials and employees of the departmental or field services traveling on offcial business may be paid from the appropriation for the service in connection with which the travel is performed. (June 30, 1949, ch. 286, title II, § 201, 63 Stat. 373.)

§ 848a. Transfer of field service appropriations; limitation.

Not to exceed 5 per centum of any appropriation for the field service may be transferred, with the approval of the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, to any other appropriation or appropriations under the field service, but no appropriation shall be increased more than 10 per centum by such transfers. (June 30, 1949, ch. 286, title II, § 201, 63 Stat. 374.)

§ 848b. Attendance at meetings of technical, scientific, professional, or other similar organizations; payment from appropriation.

On and after June 1, 1955, and under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Postmaster General, any funds available to the Post Office Department by appropriation shall be available for expenses of attendance at meetings of technical, scientific, professional, or other similar organizations concerned with the function or activity for which the appropriation concerned is made. (June 1, 1955, ch. 113, title II, § 202, 69 Stat. 78.)

867.

Promotions of substitute employees.

Credits for promotion for substitutes; withholding of automatic promotions.

Classification and compensation of supervisory employees in Motor Vehicle Service; promotion of substitute employees.

Classification and compensation of supervisory employees in Custodial Service; pay rates for temporary employees.

Inspection Service.

(a) Compensation of supervisory employees. (b) Classification and compensation of inspec

tors.

(c) Classification of clerical force.

(d), (e) Repealed.

(f) Transfer of City Delivery Service clerks and carriers.

Postal Transportation Service.

(a) Compensation of officers and supervisory

employees.

(b) Repealed.

(c) Division of railway post-office lines; assignment of clerks; promotion.

(d) (e) Repealed.

(1) Determination of number of employees in terminal railway and air mail field railway post offices, and transfer offices. (g) Promotion of clerks assigned to offices of division superintendents, regional superintendents, and chief clerks.

(h) Grade of examiners and assistant examiners.

(1) Advancement below grade of clerks in charge.

(1) Rights and benefits of highway post-office vehicle operators.

(k) Classification and compensation of substitute railway postal clerks.

(1) Regular appointment of substitute railway postal clerks.

(m) Substitute railway postal clerks credited with full time while traveling; travel allowances.

(n) Repealed.

(0) Classification and compensation of substitute mail handlers.

(p) Compensatory time; overtime in lieu thereof.

(q) Hours of duty; payment of overtime; computation.

(r) Travel allowance.

(s) Repealed.

(t) Readjustment of grades.

Rural Delivery Service.

(a) Classification and compensation of carriers for routes less than thirty miles; promotion.

(b) Promotion and compensation on routes over thirty miles.

(c) Compensation of carriers serving triweekly

routes.

(d) Additional compensation.

(e) Mileage allowances.

(f) Compensation of substitute carriers. (g) Readjustment of salaries.

Sec.

867a. Classification and compensation of temporary rural

868.

869.

carriers serving for regular carriers inducted into armed forces.

Classification and compensation of supervisory employees in Mail Equipment Shops; pay rates for temporary employees.

Compensation of storekeepers and foremen in Division of Equipment and Supplies.

870. Compensatory time for Saturday work during Japanese war; computation for overtime pay.

871. Automatic promotion credits.

872. Special Delivery Messengers.

(a), (b) Repealed.

(c) Determination of grade.
(d) Mileage allowance.

(e) Employment in other duties; deliveries by
other than regular employees.

(f) Rent of additional delivery vehicles.

(g) Status of service for purpose of veterans' reemployment.

873. Readjustment of salaries of regular employees to conform to certain sections of this chapter; computation.

874. Readjustment of salaries of part-time positions to conform to certain sections of this chapter; computation.

The term "employees" wherever used in this chapter shall include officers, supervisors, special-delivery messengers in offices of the first class, and all other employees paid from field appropriations of the Postal Service, other than postmasters, skilled-trades employees of the mail-equipment shops, job cleaners in first- and second-class post offices, and employees who are paid on a fee or contract basis. (July 6, 1945, ch. 274, § 1, 59 Stat. 435.)

REFERENCES TO THIS CHAPTER

Reference in any other law to act of July 6, 1945 (this chapter), deemed to mean act June 10, 1955, ch. 137, 69 Stat. 88 (chapter 25 of this title), see note under section 951 of this title.

EFFECTIVE DATE

Section 28 of act July 6, 1945, provided: "This Act [this chapter] shall take effect on July 1, 1945."

APPROPRIATIONS

Section 27 of act July 6, 1945, provided: "The sums appropriated for salaries and compensation of postmasters, officers, and employees of the Postal Service in the Act making appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1946 [act Apr. 24, 1945, ch. 92, title II, 59 Stat. 68 shall be available for the payment of salaries and compensation of postmasters, officers, and employees of the Postal Service at the rates of compensation herein provided; and such additional sums as may be necessary are hereby authorized to be appropriated to carry out the provisions of this Act [this chapter]."

EMPLOYEES OF JAPANESE ANCESTRY

Removal of inequities in compensation of employees of postal field service, see section 1076 of Title 5. Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees. CROSS REFERENCES

Determination of class of post office and compensation of postmaster and certain employees, see sections 56 and 56a of this title.

§ 852. Hours of duty; exclusion of certain employees.

Employees shall be required to work not more than eight hours a day except as provided in section 854 of this title. The eight hours of service shall not extend over a longer period than ten consecutive hours, and the schedules of duty of the employees shall be regulated accordingly: Provided, That the provisions of this section shall not apply to employees of the Railway Mail Service and the Air Mail Service; post-office inspectors; rural carriers; traveling mechanicians; examiners of equipment and supplies; employees in third-class post offices; employees paid on an hourly basis; employees not in the automatic or additional annual salary grades; and carriers in the Village Delivery Service: Provided further, That any classified substitute employee who reports for duty at any post office or other postal unit in compliance with an official order shall be employed not less than two hours following the hour at which such classified substitute employee is ordered to report. Employment in any branch of the Postal Service will be construed as compliance with this proviso. (July 6, 1945, ch. 274, § 2, 59 Stat. 435.)

EFFECTIVE DATE

Effective date of section, see note set out under section 851 of this title.

§ 853. Compensatory time; overtime in lies thereof under certain conditions; exclusion of certain employees.

(a) When the needs of the service require employees to perform service on Saturdays, Sundays, or holidays, such employees shall be allowed compensatory time for such service on one day within five working days next succeeding the Saturday or Sunday and within thirty days next succeeding the holiday.

(b) If the service so performed on Saturdays and Sundays is less than eight hours, such service may, in the discretion of the Postmaster General, be carried forward and combined with similar service performed on other Saturdays and Sundays, and such employees may be allowed compensatory time for such combined service or any part thereof at any time, except that, whenever at least eight hours of such service has been accumulated, such employees shall be allowed eight hours compensatory time on one day within five working days next succeeding

the Saturday or Sunday on which the total accumulated service was at least eight hours.

(c) The Postmaster General may, if the exigencies of the service require, authorize the payment of overtime to employees other than supervisory employees whose base salaries, exclusive of longevity salary, are more than $4,970 per annum, for services performed on Saturdays, Sundays, and Christmas Day during the month of December, in lieu of compensatory time.

(d) Supervisory employees shall be allowed compensatory time for services performed in excess of eight hours per day, and those whose base salaries, exclusive of longevity salary, are more than $4,970 per annum shall be allowed compensatory time for services performed on Saturdays, Sundays, and on Christmas Day during the month of December, within one hundred and eighty days from the days such service was performed.

(e) The provisions of this section shall not apply to employees in the Postal Transportation Service; post-office inspectors; rural carriers; traveling mechanicians; examiners of equipment and supplies; clerks in third-class post offices; and employees paid on an hourly basis. (July 6, 1945, ch. 274, § 3, 59 Stat. 435; July 30, 1947, ch. 355, 61 Stat. 522; Dec. 27, 1950, ch. 1152, 64 Stat. 1117; July 10, 1952, ch. 650, 66 Stat. 548.)

AMENDMENTS

1952 Subsec. (c) amended by act July 10, 1952, to increase the basic pay limitation from 84,170 to $4,970.

Subsec. (d) amended by act July 10, 1952, to increase the basic pay limitation from $4,170 to $4,970.

1950-Act Dec. 27, 1950, amended section generally to permit compensatory time to be accumulated until it reaches a total of 8 hours.

1947-Act July 30, 1947, amended section by establishing $3,600 instead of $3,200 as the dividing salary for those entitled to overtime payments and by authorizing compensatory time to supervisory employees.

EFFECTIVE DATE

Effective date of section, see note set out under section 851 of this title.

§ 854. Payment of overtime; method of computation. In emergencies or if the needs of the service require, employees may be employed in excess of eight hours per day and for such overtime service they shall be paid on the basis of 150 per centum of the annual rate of pay received by such employees. In computing compensation for such overtime employment, the annual salary or compensation for such employees shall be divided by two thousand and eighty, the number of working hours in a year. The quotient thus obtained will be the base hourly compensation and one and one-half times that amount will be the hourly rate of overtime pay: Provided, That the provisions of this section shall not apply to employees of the Railway Mail Service and the Air Mail Service; post-office inspectors; rural carriers; traveling mechanicians; examiners of equipment and supplies; employees paid on an hourly basis, and supervisory employees. (July 6, 1945, ch. 274, § 4, 59 Stat. 435.)

EFFECTIVE DATE

Effective date of section, see note set out under section 851 of this title.

§ 855. Night differential pay; exclusion of certain employees.

Employees who are required to perform night work shall be paid extra for each hour of such work at the rate of 10 per centum of their base hourly compensation, computed by dividing the base annual salary by two thousand and eighty. Night work shall be defined as any work performed between the hours of 6 o'clock postmeridian and 6 o'clock antemeridian and either standard or daylight saving time shall be used, depending upon whichever time is observed where such night work is performed: Provided, That such differential for night duty shall not be included in computing any overtime compensation to which the officer or employee may be entitled. The provisions of this section shall not apply to post-office inspectors; traveling mechanicians; examiners of equipment and supplies, officers of the Railway Mail Service and of the Air Mail Service; and rural carriers. (July 6, 1945, ch. 274, § 5, 59 Stat. 436; Sept. 7, 1949, ch. 538, § 1, 63 Stat. 690.)

AMENDMENTS

1949-Act Sept. 7, 1949, amended section to provide that time shall be computed on either standard or daylight saving time.

EFFECTIVE DATE

Effective date of section, see note set out under : ection 851 of this title.

§ 856. Repealed. Oct. 30, 1951, ch. 631, § 207 (a) (3), 65 Stat. 682.

Section, acts July 6, 1945, ch. 274, § 6, 59 Stat. 436; Apr. 30, 1947, ch. 47, § 1, 61 Stat. 57, which related to annual and sick leave for postmasters and employees, is now covered by chapter 23 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL

Repeal of this section as effective on January 6, 1952, see note under section 2061 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§ 856a. Annual and sick leave for war service indefinite substitute employees.

War service indefinite substitute employees in the postal service, under such regulations as the Postmaster General may prescribe, shall be entitled to the same rights and benefits with respect to annual and sick leave that accrue to classified substitute employees in proportion to the time employed in a pay status. (Mar. 6, 1946, ch. 57, § 3, 60 Stat. 36.) CODIFICATION

Section not enacted as a part of act July 6, 1945, ch. 274, 59 Stat. 435, which comprises this chapter.

EFFECTIVE Date

Effective date, see note set out under section 862a of this

title.

CROSS REFERENCES

Annual and sick leave generally, see chapter 23 of Title 5. Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§ 856b. Fourth class post offices; compensation of persons acting during postmaster's leave.

There is authorized to be expended, from the appropriation for compensation to postmasters in the annual Post Office Department's appropriation Acts, compensation, at the rate provided by law for postmasters' compensation, to persons who perform

the duties of the postmaster at post offices of the fourth class during the absence of the postmaster on sick or annual leave, or leave without pay. (July 22, 1947, ch. 287, 61 Stat. 400.)

CODIFICATION

Section not enacted as a part of act July 6, 1945, ch. 274, 59 Stat. 435, which comprises this chapter.

§ 857. Payment method for employees on annual basis. Where the compensation of any postmaster, other officer, or employee is on an annual basis, the following rules for division of time and computation of pay for services rendered are established:

Annual compensation shall be divided into twelve equal installments, one of which shall be the pay for each calendar month and one-half of each such installment shall be paid on the sixteenth day of the month and the first day of the following month, or as soon thereafter as practicable. For the purpose of computing such compensation and for computing time for services rendered during a fractional part of a month, in connection with annual compensation, each and every month shall be held to consist of thirty days, without regard to the actual number of days in any calendar month, thus excluding the thirty-first day of any calendar month from the computation and treating February as if it actually had thirty days. Any person entering the Postal Service during a thirty-one-day month and serving until the end thereof shall be entitled to pay for that month from the date of entry to the thirtieth day of said month, both days inclusive; and any person

entering said Service during the month of February and serving until the end thereof shall be entitled to one month's pay, less as many thirtieths thereof as there were days elapsed prior to date of entry. For each day's unauthorized absence on the thirtyfirst day of any calendar month one day's pay shall be forfeited. (July 6, 1945, ch. 274, § 7, 59 Stat. 436.) EFFECTIVE DATE

Effective date of section, see note set out under section 851 of this title.

§ 858. Compensation of postmasters and assistant postmasters, and of supervisors in first-class post offices.

(a) The salaries of postmasters and assistant postmasters at all classes of post offices and of officers and supervisory employees at post offices of the first class shall be annual salaries, to be fixed by the Postmaster General based upon gross postal receipts as shown in the quarterly returns of the respective post offices for the calendar year immediately preceding, at the following rates: Provided, That after January 1, 1944, the gross postal receipts shall be counted for the purpose of determining the class of the post office or the compensation or allowances of postmasters or other employees, whose compensation or allowances are based on the annual receipts of such offices: Provided further, That in fixing the salaries of the postmaster and supervisory employees in the post office at Washington, District of Columbia, the Postmaster General may, in his discretion, add not to exceed 75 per centum to the gross receipts of that office: