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monument of Chatham, and from above, his effigy, graven by a cunning hand, seems still, with eagle face and outstretched arm, to bid England be of good cheer, and to hurl defiance at her foes. The generation which reared that memorial of him has disappeared. The time has come when the rash and indiscriminate judgments which his contemporaries passed on his character may be calmly revised by history. And history, while, for the warning of vehement, high, and daring natures, she notes his many errors, will yet deliberately pronounce, that, among the eminent men whose bones lie near his, scarcely one has left a more stainless, and none a more splendid name.

INDEX.

A.

Abbé and abbot, difference between,
i. 498.

Academy, character of its doctrines,
ii. 222.

Adam, Robert, court architect to
George III., iii. 480.

Addison, Joseph, review of Miss Ai-
kin's life of, iii. 354-444; his cha-
racter, 355, 356; sketch of his fa-
ther's life, 357; his birth and early
life, 358, 359; appointed to a scholar-
ship in Magdalene College, Oxford,
359; his classical attainments, 359,
360; his Essay on the Evidences of
Christianity, 362; contributes a pre-
face to Dryden's Georgics, 366; his
intention to take orders frustrated,
367; sent by the government to the
Continent, 369; his introduction to
Boileau, 371; leaves Paris and pro-
ceeds to Venice, 375, 376; his resi-
dence in Italy, 375-379; composes
his Epistle to Montague (then Lord
Halifax), 379; his prospects clouded
by the death of William III., 380;
becomes tutor to a young English
traveller, 381; writes his Treatise
on Medals, 381; repairs to Holland,
381; returns to England, 381; his
cordial reception and introduction
into the Kit Cat Club, 381; his pe-
cuniary difficulties, 381; engaged
by Godolphin to write a poem in
honour of Marlborough's exploits,
384; is appointed to a Commission-
ership. 384; merits of his "Cam-
paign," 384; criticism of his Travels
in Italy, 361. 388; his opera of Ro-
samond, 389; is made Undersecre-
tary of State, and accompanies the
Earl of Halifax to Hanover, 390;
his election to the House of Com-
mons, 391; his failure as a speaker,
391; his popularity and talents for
conversation, 393, 394; his timidity
and constraint among strangers, 395;
his favourite associates, 396-399;

becomes Chief Secretary for Ireland
under Wharton, 399; origination of
the Tatler, 400, 401; his character-
istics as a writer, 401-405; com-
pared with Swift and Voltaire as a
master of the art of ridicule, 404, 405;
his pecuniary losses, 409; loss of his
Secretaryship, 409; resignation of
his Fellowship, 409; encouragement
and disappointment of his advances
towards a great lady, 409; returned
to Parliament without a contest,
409; his Whig Examiner, 410; in-
tercedes with the Tories on behalf
of Ambrose Phillipps and Steele,
410; his discontinuance of the Tatler
and commencement of the Spectator,
410; his part in the Spectator, 411;
his commencement and discontinu-
ance of the Guardian, 415; his Cato,
376. 415; his intercourse with Pope,
419, 420; his concern for Steele,
421; begins a new series of the
Spectator, 421; appointed secretary
to the Lords Justices of the Council
on the death of Queen Anne, 422;
again appointed Chief Secretary for
Ireland, 423; his relations with Swift
and Tickell, 423, 424; removed to
the Board of Trade, 425; production
of his Drummer, 426; his Free-
holder, 426; his estrangement from
Pope, 427, 428; his long courtship
of the Countess Dowager of War-
wick and union with her, 434, 435;
takes up his abode at Holland House,
435, appointed Secretary of State by
Sunderland, 436; failure of his health,
436. 441; resigns his post, 436; re-
ceives a pension, 436; his estrange-
ment from Steele and other friends,
437; advocates the bill for limiting
the number of Peers, 438; refutation
of a calumny upon him, 439; en-
trusts his works to Tickell, and de-
dicates them to Craggs, 441; sends
for Gay on his death-bed to ask his
forgiveness, 441; his death and fu-
neral, 443; Tickell's elegy on his

death, 443; superb edition of his
works, 445; his monument in Poet's
Corner, Westminster Abbey, 444.
Addison, Dr. Lancelot, sketch of his
life, iii. 357.

Adiaphorists, a sect of German Pro-
testants, i. 470. 492.

Adultery, how represented by the dra-
matists of the Restoration, iii. 7.
Advancement of Learning, by Bacon,
its publication, ii. 174.

Eschylus and the Greek drama, i. 14
-25.

Afghanistan, the monarchy of, analo-

gous to that of England in the 16th
century, i. 482; bravery of its in-
habitants, iii. 95, 96; the English
the only army in India which could
compete with them, 95.
Agricultural and manufacturing la-
bourers, comparison of their con-
dition, i. 218. 220.

Agujari, the singer, iii. 296.

Whigs, 468; change in the conduct
of public affairs consequent on her
death, 422.

Antioch, Grecian eloquence at, ii. 540.
Anytus, ii. 203.

Apostolical succession, Mr. Gladstone
claims it for the Church of England,
ii. 419-439.

Aquinas, Thomas, ii. 255.

Arab fable of the Great Pyramid, ii.
581.

Arbuthnot's Satirical Works, iii. 404.
Archimedes, his slight estimate of his
inventions, ii. 230.

Archytas, rebuked by Plato, ii. 229.
Arcot. Nabob of, his relations with
England, ii. 461-466; his claims re-
cognised by the English, 461.
Areopagitica, Milton's, allusion to, i. 57.
Argyle, Duke of, secedes from Wal-
pole's administration, ii. 10.

Ariosto, compared with Tasso, ii. 561.
Aristodemus, ii. 541.

Aikin, Miss, review of her Life of Aristophanes, iii. 2.
Addison, iii. 354-444.
Aix, its capture, ii. 45.

Akenside, his Epistle to Curio, i. 592.
Albigenses, ii. 548.

Alexander the Great, compared with
Clive, ii. 535.

Alfieri and Cowper, comparison be-
tween them, i. 333.
Allahabad, iii. 92.

Allegories of Johnson and Addison,
i. 281.

Allegory, difficulty of making it inter-
esting, i. 281.

Allegro and Penseroso, i. 13.
Alphabetical writing, the greatest of
human inventions, ii. 233; compa-
rative views of its value by Plato
and Bacon, 233, 234.
America, acquisitions of the Catholic
Church in, ii. 539; its capabilities,
539.

American colonies, British, war with
them, iii. 119; act for imposing
stamp duties upon them, 501; their
disaffection, 511; revival of the dis-
pute with them, 537; progress of
their resistance, 537.
Anabaptists, their origin, i. 474.
Anacharsis, reputed contriver of the
potter's wheel, ii. 219.

Anaverdy Khan, governor of the Car-
natic, ii. 459.
Angria, his fortress of Gheriah re-
duced by Clive, ii. 474.
Anne, Queen, her political and re-
ligious inclinations, i. 546; changes
in her government in 1710, 546;
relative estimation by the Whigs
and the Tories of her reign, 549-
552. 556; state of parties at her ac-
cession, iii. 381, 382; dismisses the

Aristotle, his authority impaired by
the Reformation, ii. 226.

Arithmetic, comparative estimate of
by Plato and by Bacon, ii. 229.
Arlington, Lord, his character, ii. 297;
his coldness for the Triple Alliance,
304; his impeachment, 321.
Armies in the middle ages, how con-
stituted, i. 72. 147; a powerful re-
straint on the regal power, 148; sub-
sequent change in this respect, 149.
Arms, British, successes of, against
the French in 1758, ii. 45-48.

Army (the), control of by Charles I.
or by the Parliament, i. 157; its
triumph over both, 164; danger of a
standing army becoming an instru-
ment of despotism, 456.

Arne, Dr., set to music Addison's
opera of Rosamond, iii. 389.
Arragon and Castile, their old insti-
tutions favourable to public liberty,
i. 507.

Art of War, Machiavelli's, i. 94.
Arundel, Earl of, ii. 216.
Asia, Central, its people, iii. 93.
Asiatic Society, commencement of its
career under Warren Hastings, iii.
155.

Assemblies, deliberative, ii. 43.
Astronomy, comparative estimate of
by Socrates and by Bacon, ii. 232.
Athenian comedies, their imparity,
iii. 2; reprinted at the two Univer-
sities, 2.

Athenians (the), Johnson's opinion of
them, i. 394.

Attainder,an act of, warrantable, i. 441.
Atterbury, Bishop, his reply to Bentley
to prove the genuineness of the Let-
ters of Phalaris, ii. 369; reads the

funeral service over the body of Ad-
dison, iii. 443.
Attila, ii. 539.

Attributes of God, subtle speculations
touching them imply no high degree
of intellectual culture, ii. 541, 542.
Aubrey, his charge of corruption
against Bacon, ii. 197; Bacon's de-
cision against him after his present,
212.

Augsburg, Confession of, its adoption
in Sweden, ii. 565.
Augustin, St., ii. 539.

Aurungzebe, his policy, ii. 454.
Austen, Jane, notice of, iii. 342.
Austin, Sarah, her character as a trans-
lator, ii. 538. 583.

Austria, success of her armies in the
Catholic cause, ii. 572.

Authors, their present position, i. 257
-263.

Avignon, the Papal Court transferred
from Rome to, ii. 550.

B.

Baber, founder of the Mogul empire,
ii. 453.

Bacon, Lady, mother of Lord Bacon,
ii. 139.

Bacon, Lord, review of Basil Mon-
tagu's new edition of the works of,
ii. 128-271; his mother distinguished
as a linguist, 139; his early years,
143-145; his services refused by
government, 145, 146; his admission
at Gray's Inn, 147; his legal attain-
ments, 147; sat in Parliament in
1593, 148; part he took in politics,
149; his friendship with the Earl of
Essex, 154-161; examination of his
conduct to Essex, 161-171; influence
of King James on his fortunes, 170;
his servility to Lord Southampton,
171; influence his talents had with
the public, 173; his distinction in
Parliament and in the courts of law,
174; his literary and philosophical
works, 174; his "Novum Orga-
num, " and the admiration it ex-
cited, 174; his work of reducing and
recompiling the laws of England,
175; his tampering with the judges
on the trial of Peacham, 175-180;
attaches himself to Buckingham,
182; his appointment as Lord Keeper,
184; his share in the vices of the
administration, 185; his animosity
towards Sir Edward Coke, 190, 191,
his town and country residences,
192, 193; his titles of Baron Veru-
lam and Viscount St. Albans, 193;
report against him of the Committee
on the Courts of Justice, 195; nature

VOL. III.

of the charges, 197, 198; overwhelm-
ing evidence to them, 198. 200; his
admission of his guilt, 200; his sen-
tence, 201; examination of Mr.Mon-
tagu's arguments in his defence, 201
-213; mode in which he spent the
last years of his life, 214, 215; chief
peculiarity of his philosophy, 217-
227; his views compared with those
of Plato, 228-238; to what his wide
and durable fame is chiefly owing,
242; his frequent treatment of moral
subjects, 244; his views as a theolo-
gian, 247; vulgar notion of him as
inventor of the inductive method,
249; estimate of his analysis of that
method, 249-256; union of audacity
and sobriety in his temper, 257; his
amplitude of comprehension, 257,
258; his freedom from the spirit of
controversy,260; his eloquence, wit,
and similitudes, 261; his disciplined
imagination, 263; his boldness and
originality, 265; unusual develop-
ment in the order of his faculties,
266; his resemblance to the mind of
Burke, 266; specimens of his two
styles, 266, 267; value of his Essays,
267; his greatest performance the
first book of the Novum Organum,
268; contemplation of his life, 268-
271.

Bacon, Sir Nicholas, his character, ii.
133-138.

Baconian philosophy, its chief pecu-
liarity, ii. 217; its essential spirit,
218; its method and object differed
from the ancient, 227; comparative
views of Bacon and Plato, 227-238;
its beneficent spirit, 235. 237. 242;
its value compared with ancient phi-
losophy, 238-249.

Baillie, Gen., destruction of his detach-
ment by Hyder Ali, iii. 132.
Balance of power, interest of the Popes
in preserving it, ii. 573.
Banim, Mr., his defence of James II..
as a supporter of toleration, ii. 100.
Banking operations of Italy in the 14th
century, i. 67.

Bar (the), its degraded condition in the
time of James II., i. 184.
Barbary, work on, by Rev. Dr. Addi-
son, iii. 357.

Barcelona,capture of,by Peterborough,
i. 533.

Baretti, his admiration for Miss Bur-
ney, iii. 310.
Barillon, M., his pithy words on the
new council proposed by Temple,

ii. 331. 339.

Barlow, Bishop, iii. 19.
Barrington, Lord, iii. 455.
Barwell, Mr., iii. 99; his support of
Hastings, 103. 116, 117. 123.
NN

Bastile, Burke's declamations on its | Berar, occupied by the Bonslas, iii.

capture, iii. 169.

Battle of the Cranes and Pygmies, Ad-

dison's, iii. 363.

Bavaria, its contest between Protest-
antism and Catholicism, ii. 562.
Baxter's Testimony to Hampden's
excellence, i. 405.

Bayle, Peter, ii. 545.

Beaumarchais, his suit before the par-
liament of Paris, ii. 213.
Beckford, Alderman, iii. 529.
Bedford, Duke of, iii. 454; his views
of the policy of Chatham, 467, 480;
presents remonstrance to George III.
507.

Bedford, Earl of, invited by Charles I.

to form an administration, i. 442.
Bedfords (the) iii. 454; parallel be-
tween them and the Rockinghams,
509; their opposition to the Rock-
ingham ministry on the Stamp Act,
514; their willingness to break with
Grenville on Chatham's accession to
office, 523; deserted Grenville and
admitted to office, 533.

120.

Berwick, Duke of, held the Allies in

check, i. 527; his retreat before
Galway, 536.

Bickerstaff, Isaac, astrologer, iii. 401.
Biographia Britannica, refutation of a

calumny on Addison in, iii. 439.
Biography, tenure by which a writer
of is bound to his subject, ii. 363.
Bishops, claims of those of the Church
of England to apostolical succession,
ii. 419-425.

Black Hole of Calcutta described, ii.
478, 479; retribution of the English
for its horrors, 480-488.
Blackmore, Sir Richard, his attain-
ments in the ancient languages, iii.
362.

Blackstone, ii. 126.

Blasphemous publications, policy of
Government in respect to, i. 241.
Blenheim, battle of, iii. 384; Addison
employed to write a poem in its
honour 384.

Bedford House assailed by a rabble,"
iii. 506.

Begums of Oude, their domains and
treasures, iii. 145; disturbances in
Oude imputed to them, 146; their
protestations, 147; their spoliation
charged against Hastings, 176.
Belgium, its contest between Protest-
antisin and Catholicism, ii. 562.
Belial, iii. 5.

Bell, Peter, Byron's spleen against, i.
335.

Bellasys, the English general, i. 526.
Bellingham, his malevolence, iii. 343.
Belphegor (the), of Machiavelli, i. 88.
Benares, its grandeur, iii. 134; its
annexation to the British dominions,
143.

"Benefits of the Death of Christ," ii.
561.

Benevolences, Oliver St. John's op-

position to, and Bacon's support of,
ii. 175.

Bengal, its resources, ii. 475. et seq.
Bentham, his language on the French
revolution, ii. 64.

Bentham and Dumont, i. 566.
Bentinck, Lord William, his memory
cherished by the Hindoos, ii. 537.
Bentivoglio, Cardinal, on the state of
religion in England in the 16th cen-
tury, i. 487.
Bentley, Richard, his quarrel with
Boyle, and remarks on Temple's
Essay on the Letters of Phalaris, ii.
368; his edition of Milton, 370; his
notes on Horace, 370; his recon-
ciliation with Boyle and Atterbury,
371.

Blois, Addison's retirement to, iii. 370.
Bloomsbury Gang," the denomi
nation of the Bedfords, iii. 454.
Bodley, Sir Thomas, founder of the
Bodleian Library, ii. 174. 215.
Bohemia, influence of the doctrines of
Wickliffe in, ii. 550, 551.
Boileau, Addison's intercourse with,
iii. 371; his opinion of modern
Latin, 372; his literary qualities,
$74.
Bolingbroke, Lord, the liberal patron
of literature, i. 378; proposed to
strengthen the royal prerogative,
581; his jest on occasion of the first
representation of Cato, iii. 417;
Pope's perfidy towards him, 431;
his remedy for the diseases of the
state, 464, 465.

Bombay, its affairs thrown into con-
fusion by the new council at Cal-
cutta, iii. 105.

Book of the Church, Southey's, i. 210.
Books, puffing of, i. 259–265.
Booth, played the hero in Addison's
Cato on its first representation, iii.
417.

Borgia, Cæsar, i. 90.
Boroughs, rotten, the abolition of, a
necessary reform in the time of
George I., i. 590.

Boswell, James, his character, i. 370-
375.

Boswell's Life of Johnson, by Croker,
review of, i. 349-401; character of
the work, 367.
Boswellism, i. 58.

Bourbon, the House of, their vicissi-

tudes in Spain, i. 424-545.
Bourne, Vincent, iii. 373; his Latin

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