my foul, and pardon the crime I the people of all ranks continued ⚫ have committed; I never difclofed my intention to any one.' When the ad wedge was driveu, he faid with horrid cries and fhrieks, I • am a finner, I know no more than I ⚫ have declared, I beefeech the court not to drive my foul to defpair: Oh • God! accept these torments in fatis⚫faction for my fins!' The third wedge was then driven lower near his feet, at which a univerfal fweat covered his body, and he fainted. Being quite fpeechlefs, he was released, fome water thrown upon his face, and wine forced down his throat, by which he foon recovered, and was conducted to chapel by the executioner. He was then left with two doctors of the Sorbonne, that they might perform the duties of their office with him, and to them he again declared upon oath, that he had faid all he knew,and that no one d incited him to commit the murder. At three in the afternoon, May 27, 1610, he was brought from the chapel and put into a tumbril, when the eroud was fo great, that it was with the utmoft difficulty the archers could force a paffage; and as foon as the prifoner appeared, that vaft multitude began to load him with execrations. When he had afcended the scaffold, the two doctors urged him to think of his falvation now at the clofe of life, and to confefs all he knew; to which he only answered as he had done before. Fire and brimftone being put to his right hand, holding the knife with which he ftabbed the king, while his breaft and other fleshy parts of his body were tearing with red-hot pincers, he renewed his cries and pray ed lead and fcalding oil, were poured upon his wounds; during which he fhrieked aloud, and continued his cries and ejaculations. He was then drawn by four horfes, for half an hour, by intervals, while VOL. XIII. their curíes. Several perfons laid hold on the ropes and pulled them with the utmoft eagerness; and one of the nobleffe, who was near the criminal, alighted from his horfe, that it might be put in the place of one which was tired with drawing him. At length, when he had been drawn for a full hour by the horses, without being difmembered, the people rushing on in crowds, threw themselves upon him, and with fwords, knives, fticks, and other weapons, they ftruck, tore, and mangled his limbs; and violently forcing them from the executioner, they dragged them through the ftreet, with the utmost eagerness and rage, and burnt them in the different parts of the city. An ACCOUNT of the REVENUES and FORCES of the GERMAN EMPIRE with REMARKS. THE HE ftate and condition of Germany being now a fubjeft very much inquired into, we fhall give our readers the following account of the revenues of the feveral princes and ftate of that empire, with the number of forces each of them can raise; firft obferving, that the calculations of their annual revenues were made in German florins, which were fuppofed to be worth 3s. 4d. fterling each, and that the king of Pruffia, and fome others, were fuppofed to have large fubfidies from France, England, of Holland. Annual revenues of the ecclefiaftical Princes, and the number of forces they can raife. The D. of Wit-2 lenburg Weymar $400000 180000 800000 20000 300000 18000 200000 15000 Revenues and Forces of the Empire 14146000 722500 From hence we may fee how dangerous it would be for France to have the power of the house of Austria rendered as abfolute in the German empire, as the power of the house of Bourbon is in the kingdom of France. But this might probably, in a very little time, be the confequence, fhould France now affift in demolishing the houfe of Brandenburgh; for we know how much the other great houfes of Germany, to wit, the Saxon, the Pålatine, and the Bavarian, have formerly fuffered by their quarrels with the house of Auttria, which were at firft fpirited up by the intrigues of France; and if the house of Brandenburgh should now be ruined, or reduced by the fame means, it will hereafter be very difficult for France to raise up any oppofition to the house of Auftria in Germany, or to prevail with any prince of the empire to join with her in an alliance against any future emperor of the houfe of Auftria; efpecially if that houfe fhould once be ftrengthened and established by having a confiderable number of male heirs, and the imperial dignity, as well as the fucceffion fucceffion to the Auftrian dominions, thereby fecured to the male heir of that family. We must therefore conclude, that the French court never had a more difficult game to play than at this prefent conjuncture: It is very much their intereft to prevent the houfe of Brandenburgh's being much reduced: On the other hand, it will be very dificult for them to preferve their alHance with the houfe of Auftria, withoat giving effectual affiftance to the queen of Hungary, for puthing hier Conquefts against Pruflia as far as the may be prompted by a fpirit of revenge; and if by the trimming of the court of France between the the two, they should themfelves come to an accommodation, it may unite Germany in a confederacy of the most dangerous confequence to France. From all which we must fee, that Great-Britain never had more need of able minifters at home, and able negotiators at the feveral courts of Europe, than it has at this prefent crifis; for by them we may do more fervice both to ourfelves and to Europe, than we can do by all the money, and all the troops we can fend to the affiftance of the king of Pruffia. A Gramatical Letter to à Lady. Madam, F there be yet no propofition to wards a conjunction with you, be pleased to admit of this interjection of my pretences. I do not pronounce ad verbum, that I defire to be adjective to you in all cafes; for I pofitively declare, that, comparatively fpeaking, fhould be fuperlatively happy, fhould I engender with you in all modes and tenfes, whatfoever. I hope you will not think me fo fingular, but that I defire to have the plural number in my family, and that I am too mafculine to be neuter, with regard to the feminine; therefore let us have our affections in common of two: Far be it from you to decline this conjugation, though I am not the first perfon, nor the fecond perfon, nor the third perfon, who has follicited. you to be fubjunctive to our love. I prefume, you will not be the imperative, while I am in the potential; and that you will permit me to make a conjunction copulative of my propria que maribus with your as in præfenti: This will make a participle of happinefs, if you will actually give me your voice to be paffive herein. Be you but fupine, and I will be deponent, though fyntaxis may be afraid of accidents: But it is the optative of my foul to be a lawful concord with the genitive. My whole income shall be a dative to you for the prefent; nothing fhall be accufative against you for the future; and your fweet name ever my vocative, till death, the great ablative of all things. Or winds fteal foftly o'er the bending reeds; The linnet fooner cease to tune her throat, And fing mellifluous thro' the winding grott'; The warbling lark forget to mount on high, And joyfully falute the morning fky; Sooner thall Sol refign his chearing beams, The finny race ceafe playing in the cryftal streams; Sonner fhall nature's order burit away, The feather'd fongfters cease to fport and play; Sooner fhall mountains into liquids turn, And dolphins in the raging ocean burn; The ftarry worlds fhall from their orbits fall, And chaos reign in this terreftrial ball; The northern pole the needle shall forfake, And heavy bodies journies upward take; Sooner fhall age its wither'dbloomrenew, E're I'm inconftant, while dear Stella's true. C2 FIDELIS. JOURNAL JOURNAL of the PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES in the POLITICAL CLUB, continued from p. 505, 1756. In the Debate continued in your laft, the next that spoke was T. Genucius, (Earl T-mp-e) whofe Speech was as follows. Mr. Prefident, SIR, F ROM the whispers I heard without doors, I did, indeed, expect, an oppofition to this bill; but I expected, and it was natural to expect, that arguments would have been made ufe of against it, of a fort very different from thofe I have heard in this debate: I expected, that an attempt would have been made to fhew that a country, fuch as this, has no Occafion for any military force at land, either for quelling infurrections, or even for repelling invafions: Or that an attempt would have been made to prove, that we may always keep up fuch a numerous army of national mercenaries as will be fufficient for this purpose, without any danger to our liberties; and that we may eafily fpare the expence neceffary for maintaining them: Or, thirdly, That an attempt would have been made to demonftrate to us, that we may always depend upon foreign mercenaries for this purpose, as often as we can have occafion for them, without any danger of our being treated by thefe foreign auxiliaries, as our ancestors, the Britons, were by their Saxon auxiliaries; and that the expence of importing and exporting thofe auxiliaries, and maintaining them while here, will be lefs than that which we muft neceffarily be at for fupporting any fort of national militia. Thefe, Sir, were the arguments I expected to have heard; but as the evidence of facts, and even of common fense itself, was fo plain and fo rong against every one of them, I muft allow, that the noble lords who : have thought fit to oppofe this bill, were in the right not to make use of any fuch arguments in fupport of their oppofition and as they neither have, nor could to any purpose have made ufe of any of them, I must take it for granted, that we either muft have a militia, or we must remain liable to be conquered by any foreign army that fhall happen to land in this ifland, provided it be so numerous as to be able to encouner and defeat the fmall number of national mercenaries we can keep in conftant pay. This then is a neceffary alternative, and yet notwithstanding the difmal prospect we are prefented with by one fide of this alternative, thofe who oppose this bill have been fo cruel, as to enBeavour to perfuade us, that the other fide is impracticable. They have endeavoured to fhew that, if fuch a militia as we can depend on, for our defence against foreign veterans, cannot be established by the militia law now in being, no fuch militia can be established by any law we can contrive: Next they have endeavoured to fhew, that were it poffible to establish such a militia, it would be of the most dangerous confequence to our liberties; and, thirdly, They have endeavoured to fhew, that the experiment would be fo expenfive, that it was not worth the nation's while to make it. Such doctrines must be terrible to every true Englifhman who confiders the alternative I have mentioned; and therefore for the comfort of my countrymen, as well as for the fake of the bill now before us, I fhall endeavour to fhew that every one of them is void of any foundaţion, either in the nature of things, or in the prefent circumstances of the people of this nation. In 1 In order to do this, Sir, I muft for the crown to cause it to be carried begin with a fhort examination of duly into execution. The intention the militia act we have now fubfi- of the law certainly is, that none but fting, and with respect to it I must gentlemen of character and fortune grant that, if due care had been ta- fhall be appointed officers in the miliken to carry that law into executi- tia; but as the lord lieutenant in each on, our militia might always have county has an unlimited power to apbeen upon a much better footing point whomfoever he pleases, it is not than they are at prefent, but what poffible for the crown to prevent the prevented the due execution of that appointing fome men of low rank and law is now at an end. When that fortune, and when any one fuch is Jaw was paffed, and for many years appointed, gentlemen of fuperior rank after, the difpute ftill fubfifted a- and fortune difdain to ferve with fuch mong the people, tho' determined officers, and refufe to accept of, or by the legiftature, about the pow- throw up the commiflions they have er of the crown over the militia, accepted; by which means all the which difpute had been one of the commiffions in our militia have come caufes of the civil war in the reign at laft to be generally in the hands of of Charles the Firft, and the max- men of low rank, and little or no forim likewife fubfifted, that the keep- tune. This is one of the chief causes ing up of any number of mercena that has brought our prefent militia ry troops in time of peace, was fo into fuch contempt; and another is, iaconfiftent with our conftitution, that a defect or omiffion in the act itself; the parliament ought never to con- for no provifion is therein made for fent to it. Whilft fuch a difpute, continuing any foot foldier in the ferand fuch a maxim prevailed, we can- vice for fuch a time as may make him not wonder at the crown's neglect- any way mafter of his bufinels; and ing the militia, in order to render the horse militia provided by that act the keeping up of a standing ar- is ridiculous; for there is no obligatimy neceffary. But now, I believe, on upon any man to furnish fuch a no man difputes the power which horfe as is trained to the fervice, withthe crown ought to have over the out which no cavalry can be of any militia; nor is any man now so use, but muft occafion confufion wrong-headed as to think, that we wherever they are. The advisers of ought not always to have, even in the bill now before us were therefore, time of peace, with confent of par- I think, in the right not to provide for liament, fuch a number of regular any horfe militia; for fuch a one is introops as may he neceffary for prefer- deed impoffible, unless you established ing our internal tranquility, and for a riding houfe in every divifion; and, oppofing any fudden invafion as may indeed, in a country fo much inclobe made with a fmall number of fed as this is, there is no great occatroops. A well difciplined militia fion for cavalry; for a body of infancan therefore now no way interfere try may always, by means of our inwith the power or fafety of the crown, clofures, prevent their being liable to but on the contrary will be an ad- be attacked by cavalry; and for fecudition to both, and confequently we ring a diftant pafs, a body of infantry may expect that, if a proper law be may be mounted on horfeback when paffed for establishing a well difcip- great expedition is neceffary. lined militia, the crown will take all poffible care for carrying it duly into execution. But, Sir, with refpect to the law now fubfifting, it is fcarcely poflible I could mention many other defects, Sir, in the militia laws now fubfifting, every one of which, as well as thofe I have mentioned, are provided for by the bill now before us; therefore, |