Analysis of coal from the Cerrillos bituminous mine of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Madrid, Santa Fe County, N. Mex.

As no analysis of recent date was obtainable, the above was copied from report of former United States mine inspector.

LINCOLN COUNTY.

County, N. Mex.

Analysis of coal from New Mexico Fuel Company's mines at Capitan, Lincoln

Analysis of coke from New Mexico Fuel Company's mines.

Mr. Hills, the geologist of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, who examined the property, constructed a coke oven of adobe bricks and coked some of the coal from the Akers seam, which gave the following analysis:

SOCORRO COUNTY.

Analysis of coal from Carthage mine No. 3, Carthage Coal Company.

LAWS GOVERNING THE WORKINGS OF COAL MINES IN THE TERRI

TORIES.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That in each organized and unorganized Territory of the United States wherein are located coal mines, the aggregate annual output of which shall be in excess of one thousand tons per annum, the President shall appoint a mine inspector, who shall hold office until his successor is appointed and qualified. Such inspector shall, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, give bond to the United States in the sum of two thousand dollars, conditioned for the faithful discharge of his duties.

SEC, 2. That no person shall be eligible for appointment as mine inspector under section 1 of this act who is not either a practical miner or mining engineer, and who has not been a resident for at least six months in the Territory for which he shall be appointed: and no person who shall act as land agent, manager, or agent of any mine, or as mining engineer, or be interested in operating any mine in such Territory, shall be at the same time an inspector under the provisions of this act. SEC. 3. That it shall be the duty of the mine inspector provided for in this act to make careful and thorough inspection of each coal mine operated in such Territory, and to report at least annually upon the condition of each coal mine in said Territory with reference to the appliances for the safety of miners, the number of air or ventilating shafts, the number of shafts or slopes for ingress or egress, the character and condition of the machinery for ventilating such mines, and the quantity of air supplied to same. Such reports shall be made to the governor of the Territory in which such mines are located, and a duplicate thereof forwarded to the Secretary of the Interior, and in case of an unorganized Territory, directly to the Secretary of the Interior.

SEC. 4. That in case the said mine inspector shall report that any coal mine is not properly constructed or not furnished with reasonable and proper machinery and appliances for the safety of the miners and other employees, it shall be the duty of the governor of such organized Territory, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Interior, to give notice to the owners or managers of said coal mine that the said mine is unsafe, and notifying them in what particular the same is unsafe, and requiring them to furnish or provide such additional machinery, slopes, entries, means of escape, ventilation, or other appliances necessary to the safety of the miners and other employees, within a period to be in said notice named, and if the same be not furnished as required in said notice, it shall be unlawful after the time fixed in such notice for the said owner or managers to operate said mine.

SEC. 5. That in all coal mines in the Territories of the United States the owners or managers shall provide at least two shafts, slopes, or other outlets, separated by natural strata of not less than one hundred and fifty feet in breadth, by which shafts, slopes, or outlets distinct means of ingress and egress shall always be available to the persons employed in said mine. And in case of the failure of any coal mine to be so provided, it shall be the duty of the mine inspector to make report of such fact, and thereupon notice shall issue as provided in section four of this act, and with the same force and effect.

SEC. 6. That the owners or managers of every coal mine at a depth of one hundred feet or more shall provide an adequate amount of ventilation of not less than fifty-five cubic feet of pure air per second. or thirty-three hundred cubic feet per minute, for every fifty men at work in said mine, and in like proportion for a greater number, which air shall, by proper appliances or machinery, be forced through such mine to the face of each and every working place, so as to dilute

and render harmless and expel therefrom the noxious or poisonous gases; and all workings shall be kept clear of standing gas.

SEC. 7. That any mine owner or manager who shall continue to operate a mine after failure to comply with the requirements of this act and after the expiration of the period named in the notice provided for in section four of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be fined not to exceed five hundred

dollars.

SEC. 8. That in no case shall a furnace shaft be used or for the purposes of this act be deemed an escape shaft.

SEC. 9. That escape shafts shall be constructed, in compliance with the requirements of this act, within six months of the date of the passage hereof, unless the time shall be extended by the mine inspector, and in no case shall said time be extended to exceed one year from the passage of this act.

SEC. 10. That a metal speaking tube from the top to the bottom of the shaft or slope shall be provided in all cases, so that conversation may be carried on through the same.

SEC. 11. That an approved safety catch shall be provided and sufficient cover overhead on every carriage used in lowering or hoisting persons, and the mine inspectors shall examine and pass upon the adequacy and safety of all such hoisting apparatus.

SEC. 12. That no child under twelve years of age shall be employed in the underground workings of any mine, and no father or other person shall misrepresent the age of anybody so employed. Any person guilty of violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not to exceed one hundred dollars.

SEC. 13. That only experienced and competent and sober men shall be placed in charge of hoisting apparatus or engines, and the maximum number of persons who may ascend or descend upon any cage or hoisting apparatus shall be determined by the mine inspector.

SEC. 14. That it shall be lawful for any inspector to enter and inspect any coal mine in his district and the work and machinery belonging thereto at all reasonable times, but so as not to impede or obstruct the workings of the mine, and to make inquiry into the state of the mine, works, and machinery, and the ventilation and mode of lighting the same, and into all matters and things connected with or relating to the safety of the persons employed in or about the same, and especially to make inquiry whether the provisions of this act are complied with; and the owner or agent is hereby required to furnish means necessary for such entry, inspection, examination, and inquiry, of which the said inspector shall make an entry in the records of his office, noting the time and material circumstances of the inspection. SEC. 15. That in all cases of fatal accident a full report shall be made by the mine owner or manager to the mine inspector, said report to be in writing and made within ten days after such death shall have occurred.

SEC. 16. That as a cumulative remedy, in case of the failure of any owner or manager of any mine to comply with the requirements contained in the notice of the governor of such Territory, or the Secretary of the Interior, given in pursuance of this act, any court of competent jurisdiction, or the judge of such court in vacation, may, on the application of the mine inspector, in the name of the United States, and supported by the recommendation of the governor of said Territory, or the Secretary of the Interior, issue an injunction restraining the further operation of such mine until such requirements are complied with, and in order to obtain such injunction no bond shall be required.

SEC. 17. That whenever the term "owner or manager" is used in this act the same shall include lessees or other persons controlling the operation of any mine. And in case of the violation of this act by any corporation, the managing officers and superintendents, and other managing agents of such corporations, shall be personally liable and shall be punished as provided in the act for owners and managers.

SEC. 18. That the mine inspectors provided for in this act shall each receive a salary of two thousand dollars per annum and their actual traveling expenses when engaged in their duties.

SEC. 19. That whenever any organized Territory shall make, or has made, provision by law for the safe operation of mines within such Territory, and the governor of such Territory shall certify said fact with a copy of the said law to the Secretary of the Interior, then and thereafter the provisions of this act shall no longer be enforced in such organized Territory, but in lieu thereof the statute of such Territory shall be operative in lieu of this act.

RECOMMENDATIONS.

As shown by statistics, the great majority of fatalities, as also nonfatal accidents, occur from falling roof and sides in the coal mine. In this direction, then, I gave prime attention. To my surprise, I discovered that the great obstacle in the way of diminishing this great danger to the miner is the miner himself. In many instances familiarity with the danger, coupled with fortunate escapes, has rendered him absolutely indifferent to his peril, and it is a most ungracious task to induce him to place the necessary timbers to protect himself from dangerous roof and sides. Procrastination appears to be the miner's great weakness when it comes to timbering his working place. He will just drill another hole or two, pick down some loose coal, or load another car or two of coal, and then he intends to timber the ground safely. But during all of this time life and limb are in imminent peril, of which the miner seems utterly oblivious. And the task of timbering would require neither more time nor effort to perform ere he drilled another hole or loaded the car, which could then be done in almost absolute safety. It may be cited that it is the duty of the mine boss to insist upon the miner timbering his ground safely. This is true, but the mine boss of to-day in New Mexico, and I think elsewhere the same, can not issue an arbitrary or peremptory order to timber an opening, even though such order is right and that it is his duty to issue such order for the protection of the miner from physical danger as well as the mine owner from financial loss. The right enforcement of the proper rules would in many instances lead to the loss of a large proportion of the workmen, who would quickly find employment elsewhere, this class of labor being in great demand.

In several instances have I seen the mine inspector gladly welcomed by the mine manager, that he might use his governinental authority to enforce proper and safe methods of timbering and working among the miners, which the mine manager dare not insist upon, fearing to lose his working force.

The gross absurdity is apparent of a law which imposes upon the mine owner the protection of the miner from physical danger while the miner interposes his negligence as an obstacle to the process of protection, and yet is not amenable under the law for the negligence whereby he endangers the lives of fellow-workmen as well as his own life.

There is no specific requirement in the law compelling mine operators to keep a record of nonfatal accidents and communicate the same to the mine inspector; yet this is a matter of much importance, as every accident, no matter how trivial, serves to indicate such laxity as may have prevailed in operating the mine during the intervals between the mine inspector's visits.

Certain duties are imposed upon the United States mine inspector in regard to maintaining safe conditions in the mine; but if the mine inspector fulfills or attempts to fulfill these duties, how onerous his task is found! The law places at his command a futile authority invested in himself and a forcible authority to be exercised by the circuitous medium of cooperation of the Secretary of the Interior or governor of the Territory, and resort to the cumbersome legal process of an injunction. Why should any sensible official be required to put in motion such ponderous legal process to remedy some trifling defect in the operation of a mine? It may be said it is not worth paying so serious attention to trifling defects. But those very trifling defects may lead to a great catastrophe and loss of life. Other mine inspectors, appointed by State authority, can complain to a magistrate or justice of the peace and have the party responsible for such negligence in operation of the mine cited to appear and answer for his culpability. The very fact that this authority is vested in the mine inspector has a beneficial influence and will cause operators and miners to be more careful. The United States mine inspector can exercise no such influence, but must consume a portion of his time in appealing to the miner to do his duty for his own protection. The law should be so amended that the culprit could, on complaint of the United States mine inspector, be cited to appear before a United States judge or United States commissioner and upon conviction by a jury be punished by fine or imprisonment. Men chosen for such positions as United States mine inspector are usually endowed with the ordinary amount of discretion, and they should be allowed to use it in case of breaches of the law, just as internal-revenue officers and others do, without waiting to consult and gain the cooperation of the honorable Secretary of the Interior or of the governor of the Territory.

It is therefore respectfully recommended that the United States laws governing the operation of coal mines be amended in these particulars.

THE NAVAHO INDIANS.

NAVAHO AGENCY,

Fort Defiance, Ariz., August 24, 1901.

SIR: Replying to your favor, I have the honor to herewith hand you copy of my annual report to the Indian Office.

Very sincerely,

G. W. HAYZLETT, United States Indian Agent.

Hon. M. A. OTERO,

Governor of New Mexico.

I have the honor to submit this my third annual report of the affairs of this agency for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1901. I feel gratified to be able to note the continued improvement of these people. It is demonstrated in various ways. They are each year more anxious to procure labor. When I first took charge of this agency, October, 1898, they were very indifferent, and did not seem to care to talk about labor, or what was required to be done to make a living, or to acquire wealth. I very soon saw the necessity of giving these people a daily lesson on the line of industry and economy, and they are beginning to take very kindly to it, often coming in and inquiring when I can send more of them to work on the railroad, etc. At present there are nearly 300 working on the railroad: there are also 42 at work in the beet fields in Colorado. They are getting $1 per day for work in the field, while on the road they get $1.10 per day, either of which is of great benefit to them outside of the question of wages, as it is an educator, and teaches them the mode and manner in which the whites do their work.

INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT.

Their breadth of comprehension and desire for general knowledge has increased most wonderfully in the last two years. Soon after coming among these people I incidentally told them of the war we had with Spain, what brought it on, and the results; later on I told them of the trouble with the people in the Philippine Islands. In these matters they have taken great interest and frequently make inquiry relative to such matters. They are greatly more interested in the affairs of the country than ever before. Two years since they gave no care or thought of any thing beyond the reservation or their own people, but now they are anxious to hear of other parts of the country. This was demonstrated at a council held on the 10th instant, there being over 400 in attendance, and, after the business was transacted for which it had been called together, they then wanted me to tell them all that was going on in the country; they inquired about the crops of the white people, whether they have more rain than the Indians have; they wanted to know how we were coming out with the wars I had told them of. It was explained to them that the Government was sending great numbers of teachers to educate other people than the Navaho; it was also stated that there was a strong probability of a law being enacted to compel all Indians to send their children to school; that if they wanted to keep in good favor with the Government they should rush the children in and keep the schools full, and be ahead of the law. They appeared to take very kindly to this and made good promises. How long this may remain fresh in their minds remains to be seen. Last year was no exception to the past three years in being very dry, and but very little corn was raised, with the exception of the fields along the San Juan River, where they have some irrigating ditches, and on some of the farms along the river the crops were almost destroyed by grasshoppers. I am just informed by Mr. Shoemaker, supervisor of constructed ditches, who resides at the river, that the same conditions exist this year, and that the crops of 20 families are entirely destroyed and the people left entirely destitute.

CROPS AND LIVE STOCK.

On account of failure of crops last year we have been compelled to issue more rations during the last winter and up to the present time than usual, but this year the country looks more prosperous, as we have had more frequent rains, which have given the grass a good start, and the sheep, goats, and horses are looking well. The corn crop will be better than for the last three years, and the Indians are now beginning to eat the green corn. The Indians are having unusually good, success this year with their lambs and young goats; hence their flocks will be