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was made to lay aside all other public business before the House, in order to take up the Nebraska Bill, which had been referred to the Committee of the Whole. This proposition was considered as a test of the opinions of the House in regard to the bill. The result was, that it was carried by a vote of 109 to 88; and at the time of closing this Record the bill was under discussion.

Hon. J. J. Crittenden appeared as a volunteer for Ward. The defense was that Butler struck Ward first, and that the latter shot him under that provocation, if not in self-defense. Ward was acquitted not only of murder, but also of manslaughter. Public demonstrations have taken place in various parts of the State, denouncing the verdict.

From California we have intelligence to the 15th of April. Some excitement had been occasioned in San Francisco by an attempt on the part of the Mexican Consul to enlist an armed force of three thousand men, mainly Germans and Frenchmen, for service in Mexico, to be employed chiefly in suppressing revolutions and repelling aggressions in Sonora and Lower California. Some three or four hundred of the persons enlisted were embarked on board a British ship, the Challenge, which was pursued, however, by a U. S. revenue cutter and brought back. The Mexican Consul was arrested, and on subsequent examination was indicted for a breach of the neutrality laws of the United States. Captain Watkins, who had returned to San Francisco after having taken part in Captain Walker's expedition against Sonora, had also been tried and convicted of the same offense, for which he was sentenced to pay a fine of fifteen hundred dollars. Walker's expedition seems to have been effectually broken up. At the latest dates it had retreated from the valley of the Trinidad toward the Colorado,

The American Association for the Advancement of Science held its sixth annual meeting at Washington, the session commencing on the 27th of April, and lasting five days. A large number of interesting and valuable papers were read on a great variety of scientific subjects, some of which were directly connected with the general interests of the country. Among them were several from Lieut. Maury and the gentlemen connected with the Coast Survey. The various exploring expeditions now in progress under the direction of the government were discussed at length, and the results which may be expected from them were clearly set forth. The meeting was even more interesting than usual, and will contribute essentially to direct popular attention to the worth and claims of science. A Southern Convention, composed of delegates from the several Southern States, met at Charleston, S. C., on the 11th of April, for the purpose of devising measures to promote the interests and independence of the slaveholding section of the Union, and held a session of a week. Hon. George Daw-on their way to Texas through New Mexico, and son, U. S. Senator from Georgia, presided, and Lieut. Maury was placed at the head of a committee to prepare business for the Convention. The project of a railroad to the Pacific by a Southern route was the leading topic of discussion. The Convention was unanimous in the opinion that the road ought to be built, but was divided on the point whether it should be done by the Federal Government or by the Southern States alone. The decision was finally in favor of the latter plan. It is proposed that each of the Southern States shall subscribe to the stock of the road, and that all shall form themselves into a body corporate for the purpose of building it. Resolutions were adopted in favor of acquiring the right to navigate the river Amazon, of promoting manufactures in the Southern States, and of opening direct commercial intercourse with Europe.

had been reduced to a total of fifty officers and twenty men. The mining news is favorable, and the farming prospects of the State are in the highest degree encouraging. The coming crop of wheat alone is estimated at twenty millions of bushels. Indian difficulties still prevail, especially on the Northern frontiers.

From Oregon, our dates being to the 25th of March, we hear that the admission of Oregon into the Union as a State is considerably agitated. A very large amount of wheat has been sown, and the crops in general promise to yield abundantly. The volcanic mountain of St. Helena is in a state of eruption.

MEXICO.

From Mexico, the only intelligence of interest is in regard to a formidable revolt against the Central Government, in the southwestern district, led by General Alvarez. The accounts of its progress are vague and unreliable. The strength of the insurgents is not accurately known, nor is it believed to be very considerable. At the latest dates Santa Anna was in the vicinity of Acapulco, with an army of about five thousand men, intending to attack the

lion. The port had been blockaded, and one of the American Pacific steamers, which attempted to enter, had been driven away. The object of the blockade is to prevent supplies reaching the insurgents.

Public attention has been largely directed to the result of a trial for murder in Kentucky. The faets of the case, as developed on the trial, were these: Professor Butler, teacher of a school in Louisville, Kentucky, had chastised one of his pupils, a lad fourteen years old, named William Ward, for violation of the rules, and for alleged falsehood in deny-town, which was the head-quarters of the rebeling the offense. The lad's brother, Matt. F. Ward, the next day went to the school-room, armed with two loaded pistols, and accompanied by his brother Robert, who was armed with a bowie knife, and demanded an explanation from Professor Butler, who offered to make one, and invited him into his private room. Ward refused to go, saying that was the place to receive it. Butler declined to discuss the The Eastern War continues to absorb public atsubject in presence of his pupils, upon which Ward tention. The withdrawal of the Russian embasdenounced him in violent terms as a scoundrel and sadors from London and Paris has been already a coward. It was contended that upon this Butler noted: that event was speedily followed by a formstruck him; but the only direct evidence to this al Declaration of War. On the 27th of February the fact was that of Robert Ward, who was under in- Earl of Clarendon dispatched a messenger to St. dictment as an accomplice. Matt. Ward drew his Petersburg with a letter declaring that, if the Ruspistol and shot Butler, who lived till evening. The sian government did not immediately announce its venue was removed from Louisville to Elizabeth-intention of ordering its troops to recross the Pruth, town, in Hardin County, where the trial was held. so that the provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia In addition to a strong array of retained counsel, should be completely evacuated by the 30th of

GREAT BRITAIN.

April, her refusal or silence would be considered of Derby followed in a long speech, the main object equivalent to a declaration of war, and the British of which was to show, from the recent correspondgovernment would take its measures accordingly. ence between the two governments, that Russia The messenger was directed to wait but six days for had not deceived the English government in regard a reply. The note was presented to Count Nessel- to her intentions, and that nothing but the utmost rode on the 17th of March by M. Michele, the Brit- blindness could excuse the English Ministry for ish Consul; and the Count's reply was, that he the course they had taken. It was very evident, had "taken His Majesty's commands with refer- he thought, that the Emperor counted with some ence to Lord Clarendon's note, and the Emperor reason on the friendly disposition of Lord Aberdid not think it becoming to make any reply to it.' ." deen, and that but for his accession to power those The receipt of this response led to the immediate attempts on the integrity of Turkey would never issue, on the 28th of March, of the Declaration of have been made which had resulted in war. He War. This important document rehearsed rapidly pledged his support to the war, which he hoped the successive steps in the progress of the diffi- would be conducted with perseverance as well as culty, conceding at the outset that the Emperor of enthusiasm. Lord Aberdeen retorted the personal Russia had some cause of complaint against the attack of the Earl of Derby by reminding him that Sultan with regard to the Holy Places, but declar- he himself, when Prime Minister, had been coming that these had been amicably adjusted by the plimented by the only Austrian Minister who had advice of the British Minister, and that the Russian ever been the bitter foe of England, and that he Envoy, Prince Menschikoff, was meantime urging had acknowledged these complimentary expresstill more important demands, concerning the posi- sions with declarations of gratitude: for his own tion of the Christian subjects of the Sultan, which part, he could say the Emperor of Russia had rehe carefully concealed from the British embassa-ceived no such grateful recognition from him. Lord dor. These demands were rejected, and the Em- Brougham, without entering into any extended disperor of Russia immediately sent large bodies of cussion of the question, expressed his fears that troops to the frontier, and took possession of the the war would not prove to be a short one-and Principalities for the purpose of enforcing compli- said that his principal anxiety related to the southance with them. The object sought was virtual ern and central parts of Europe; for nothing was control of the nine millions of the Christian sub- to be more dreaded than a war of propagandism, jects of the Sultan; which the Porte could not and nothing was more to be deprecated than an apgrant without yielding to Russia the substantial peal to insurrectionary movements.-In the House sovereignty over his territories. It was therefore of Commons, Lord John Russell moved the Address, refused, and the French and English governments and supported it in a speech briefly sketching the had felt called upon-by regard for an ally, the in- history of the case, and regretting that even the tegrity and independence of whose empire have passage of the Danube by the Russian troops had been recognized as essential to the peace of Eu- not elicited from Austria a declaration of war. Mr. rope, by the sympathies of their people with right Layard followed, charging upon Lord Aberdeen against wrong, by a desire to avert from their do- that he had actually abetted the designs of Russia minions the most injurious consequences, and to by his course from a very early date, and severely save Europe from the preponderance of a Power censuring the action of the Ministry, in not having which had violated the faith of treaties and defied more promptly ordered the fleet in the Bosphorus to the opinion of the civilized world-to take up arms the assistance of the Sultan. Mr. Bright denounced for the defense of the Sultan.-The Declaration was the war as utterly unjust and unwise, and ridiculed debated in Parliament at great length on the 31st the pretense that England was to preserve the balof March. In the House of Lords, the Earl of ance of power in Europe. If the United States Clarendon contended that the object of the Empe- should remain at peace for seven years longer, they ror of Russia had been to obtain such an ascend- would show Europe where the balance of power ency and right of interference in Turkey as would would lie. The whole notion of the European have enabled him at any time to possess himself equilibrium was one of the most false and misof Constantinople; and that this design had been chievous delusions they had inherited from the steadily pursued in the face of the most distinct past. Lord Palmerston defended the policy of the and solemn assurances to the English government Government, saying it was impossible for any man, that he had no such purpose in view. If he had able to see and capable of drawing a conclusion, to been allowed to carry this design into execution, doubt that there was a settled intention on the part Lord C. thought it would not be too much to say of Russia to overrun and overthrow the Turkish that more than one Western power would have Empire, for the purpose of establishing in the terribeen made to undergo the fate of Poland. It was tory of Turkey the ascendency and domination of not to protect her trade, nor to defend her India Russia; and the reason why the Emperor chose possessions, that England had resolved to go to the present moment for pushing this design, was that he feared that the progress of reform in Turkey would soon put its accomplishment out of his power. The European balance of power, which Mr. Bright had declared himself unable to understand, was simply the doctrine of self-preservation; and the only question for England to consider now, was whether one Power is to bestride the globe from North to South, from the Baltic to the Mediterranean-to dictate to Germany, to domineer in the Mediterranean, to have the whole of the rest of Europe at its mercy, to deal with it as it pleases; or whether that Power shall be taught that there are limits even to the ambition of a Czar. Mr. Disraeli followed with an elaborate attempt to

war.

For neither of these objects would she make the sacrifices she was about to make; but it was to maintain her honor, and to sustain the cause of civilization against barbarism. Russia had already reduced several of the German powers to a state of virtual dependence upon her, and it became absolutely necessary to place a check upon her further aggressions on the independence of Europe. Austria and Prussia had both resolved to maintain a position of complete neutrality. This would be found in the end impossible; but thus far England had reason to be perfectly satisfied with the course they had adopted, although she had received no guarantee as to their ultimate action. The Earl

convict the Ministry, from the secret correspond- for the East, passed through Paris on the 11th of ence, of having connived with the Czar in his April, and were received with imposing demonstraschemes for the partition of Turkey, and to show tions on the part of the French government and that the war had been produced exclusively by one people. A grand review in honor of the Duke took man. Several other members participated in the place on the 12th, in the Champ de Mars.It is debate, at the end of which the Address, respond-stated that the amount of the French contingent ing to the Queen's announcement that war had been declared, was unanimously voted in both Houses.

The English government immediately on the proclamation of war, issued a declaration of a good deal of interest concerning the rights of neutrals. In order to render the war as little onerous as possible to the powers with whom she remained at peace, the declaration says England is willing to waive, for the present, a part of the belligerent rights appertaining to her by the law of nations. She could not forego the exercise of her right of seizing articles contraband of war, and of preventing neutrals from conveying the enemy's dispatches; and she must also maintain the right of a belligerent to prevent neutrals from breaking any effective blockade sustained by an adequate force. But she would waive the right of seizing enemy's property laden on board a neutral vessel, unless it be contraband of war; nor would she claim the confiscation of neutral property, not being contraband of war, found on board enemy's ships. Being anxious, moreover, to lessen as much as possible the evils of war, and to restrict its operations to the regularly organized forces of the country, it is declared that it is not her present intention to issue letters of marque for the commissioning of privateers.

On the 11th of April, Lord John Russell withdrew the Reform Bill which he had introduced as a Government measure at the beginning of the session. He acknowledged that the Ministry was pledged to it, and said that his confidence in its justice and propriety had not been in the least degree shaken by the criticisms to which it had been subjected. But he said it was evident that the attention of Parliament and of the country was absorbed by the war, and that there was, therefore, no general desire that this measure should be pressed just at present. The Ministry, moreover, must stake its existence on its success, and he did not think the immediate importance of the measure was sufficient to justify them in so doing on the eve of a general war. He declared himself indifferent to the censures which the act would elicit from the opposition, but exhibited and professed deep sensibility to the opinions of the sincere friends and advocates of reform. The withdrawal of the bill was acquiesced in as necessary and proper by the House.

FRANCE.

will not be limited to 50,000; indeed it is expected that before the war is over it will exceed 100,000.

-The Moniteur has published the text of the convention between France and England, which was signed by the representatives of the two powers at London on the 10th of April. The two powers agree (1.) To do what depends on them to bring about the re-establishment of peace between Russia and Turkey on a solid and durable basis, and to guarantee Europe against the return of those lamentable complications which have so disturbed the general peace; (2.) To receive into their alliance, for the sake of co-operating in the proposed object, any of the other powers of Europe who may wish to join it; (3.) Not to accept, in any event, any overtures for peace, nor to enter into any arrangement with Russia, without having previously deliberated upon it in common; (4.) They renounce in advance any particular advantage to themselves from the events that may result; (5.) They agree to supply, according to the necessities of the war, determined by a common agreement, land and sea forces sufficient to meet them.

THE GERMAN STATES.

The position of Austria and Prussia in reference to the Eastern war, continues to be a source of perplexity and anxiety. Both these powers have declared their determination to maintain a complete neutrality. The Prussian Chambers granted permission to the King to raise a loan required, but not until after very positive assurances from the Minister of War that union with Russia was utterly impossible, and then only upon the adoption of resolutions designed to pledge the government to a close co-operation with the other German States, and to efforts for the speedy restoration of peace on the basis of the Vienna Conference. The leanings of the Prussian Court are supposed to be toward Russia; but the sentiment of the Chambers and of the people is very decidedly the other way. It is stated that a private treaty has been negotiated between Prussia and Austria, intended to pledge them to a united and concerted action, and likely to exert a controlling influence on the action of the smaller German States. The Austrian govern

EASTERN EUROPE.

ment continues to give assurances to the Western Powers which are pronounced satisfactory in Parliament, and she has recently sent a very large force to her Eastern frontiers. A good deal of discontent In France, proceedings in regard to the formal is evinced at her failure to regard the crossing of opening of the war have taken place analogous in the Danube by the Russians as a hostile act, and to all respects to those of Great Britain. An Im-resent it as such.- -The state of siege in Hungary perial message was read to the Chambers on the has been abolished; but the condition of the coun27th of March, announcing that the last resolution try is very far from tranquil. of the Cabinet of St. Petersburg had placed Russia in a state of war with respect to France-a war, it is added, the responsibility of which belonged On the 12th of April the Russian government wholly and entirely to the Russian government. published its counter statement in reply to the EnThe Chambers unanimously pledged the supportglish Declaration of War. In the presence of such of France to the war. The same regulations in re- declarations and demands as those made to him by gard to the rights of neutrals, and the commission- England and France, the Emperor has only to acing of privateers, have been adopted in France as cept the situation assigned to him, reserving to in England, and the action of the two countries is himself to employ all the means which Providence made to harmonize on all points. The Duke of has put in his hands to defend with energy and Cambridge and Lord Raglan, with a large number constancy the honor, independence, and safety, of of subordinate officers in the British army destined his empire. All the imputations which they have

curity of property, and other causes, have been in the habit of making over the fee-simple of their property to the mosques, reserving to themselves only the use of them for life. In this way it is said that full three-fourths of the soil of Turkey has come to be the property of these religious foundations, held by the ulemas, of whom the Sheik is the head. The confiscation of such a vast amount of the property of the Church to the purposes of the State can not fail to exert a very marked influence on the internal affairs of the empire.

made against Russia are declared to rest on no | the internal affairs of Turkey. The Sultan has just foundation whatever. If their honor has been declared that the possessions of the mosques are placed in jeopardy, it has been by their own act; the property of the State, and has deposed the for, from the beginning, they have adopted a sys- Sheik for refusing his assent. This is one of the tem of intimidation, which would naturally fail. most important changes to which the internal policy They made it a point of honor that Russia should of the Ottoman empire has ever been subjected. bend to them; and because she would not consent The mosques in Turkey form religious corporations, to her own humiliation, they say they are hurt in independent of the State, and exercising over it at their moral dignity. The policy of aggrandizement, times unbounded authority, through the ulemas, or which they attribute to Russia, is refuted by all doctors of the law and the Koran, who are the sole her acts since 1815. None of her neighbors have possessors of the vast wealth belonging to these rehad to complain of an attack. The desire of pos-iigious foundations. Turkish landholders, from gensessing Constantinople has been too solemnly dis-eration to generation, in consequence of the inseavowed for any doubts to be entertained on that point which do not originate in a distrust which nothing can cure. Events will soon decide whether Russia or the Western Powers have struck the most fatal blow at the independence of Turkey. The Sultan has already renounced, by treaty, the distinguishing privilege of every sovereign power, that of making peace or war at its own free will; and changes in her internal policy have already been exacted, far greater and far more fatal to her independence than any Russia ever desired to secure. It is for Europe, and not for the Western The extensive insurrections of the Greeks, foPowers alone, to decide whether the general equi-mented undoubtedly by Russian agents, have been librium is menaced by the supposed preponderance so far countenanced by the Greek government as of Russia; and to consider which weighs heaviest on the freedom of action of states-Russia, left to herself, or a formidable alliance, the pressure of which alarms every neutrality, and uses by turns caresses or threats to compel them to follow in its wake. The true motive of the war has been avow-mercial relations between the two countries were ed by the British Ministry to be the abatement of the influence of Russia; and it is to defend that influence-not less necessary to the Russian nation than it is essential to the maintenance of the order and security of the other states-that the Emperor, obliged to embark in war in spite of him-ures demanded by the Sultan, but had positively self, is about to devote all the means of resistance which are furnished by the devotion and patriotism of his people. He closes by denying that the responsibility of the war rests upon him, and invokes the aid of God, who has so often protected Russia in the day of trial, to assist him once more in this formidable struggle.

to lead to the rupture of all diplomatic relations between Greece and Turkey. The Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs, in a note dated April 1, to the Greek Minister, M. Metaxa, sent him his passports, and announced that all diplomatic and com

at an end. It had been proved, he alleged, incontestably, that the Greek government had actually tolerated and aided the insurrectionary movements of which complaint was made. The Greek Chambers had previously refused to concede the meas

denied all participation in the insurrection. M. Metaxa replied to the Minister's note, appealing to that Supreme Tribunal whose judgments are unerring, and whose decrees are infallible, to decide whether Greece was justly responsible for the revolts which discontent had provoked in Epirus and Thessaly. The British Minister, Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, had issued a circular letter repudiating all sympathy with the Greek insurrection, and declaring the purpose of England and France to sustain the Sultan against all who might threaten the peace and safety of his Empire.

The progress of the war thus far has not been marked by any general or decisive engagement. The English fleet in the Baltic, under Admiral Sir Charles Napier, has seized ten Russian merchant vessels, and, at the latest dates, was off Gothland. All the Russian ports have been blockaded. From Japan we have intelligence of some interThe Russian forces have crossed the Danube at est concerning the movements of the Russians. several points, and have taken possession of the From accounts that reach us by way of China, it Dobrudscha, the peninsular country inclosed be- seems that a Russian fleet, which had been rapidly tween the Danube and the Black Sea. They had augmented during the past year, entered the port also attempted to cross at other points, but were of Nangasaki, and was received with great pomp repulsed. About 50,000 Russian troops were on by the Governor, after the departure of the squadthe Turkish side of the river, and were fortifying ron of Commodore Perry. A letter from the Rusthemselves at various points. The Turks had fall-sian Chancellor was immediately forwarded to Jeden back upon Varna, which was supposed to be do; and it is reported that assurances were remenaced by the Russian movement, and the En-ceived in return, that the Emperor had decided glish and French fleet in the Black Sea had also moved up to its defense. The Russians have also sent a force into Servia. Rumors are abundant concerning frequent engagements of severity between the Russian and Turkish forces, but they are evidently greatly exaggerated accounts of mere skirmishes.

The war with Russia and the alliance with the West, are making themselves very sensibly felt on

within the coming year to throw the commerce of the country open to the whole world, under certain restrictions necessary for the interests of Japan. The American squadron had gone to Loo Choo in January, where Commodore Perry had purchased a naval depot and erected a fort; an officer and small garrison had been left in this fort, and the Commodore had sailed for Jeddo. The report of the death of the Emperor of Japan is confirmed.

Editor's Cable.

HE POSITION OF THE CLERGY among | icy to dwell on these secular benefits. Pious people

age, clergymen,

gested by the remarks we ventured to make in a a member of Congress, or an actual or Ex-Governprevious editorial. Would that we could discuss or, or better yet, some old hero of a General it in a manner which its importance demands. One to harangue on such utilities before the annual rething, however, may be safely affirmed. Whatever ligious gatherings. Politicians, too, are very glad may be thought of our strictures or our commenda- of opportunities for such display. It may be a contions, they are certainly from the hands of a friend.venient currency wherewith to buy them votes in We yield to no one, not merely in respect for the some time of political need; or, if it is a want of clergy, but in an earnest desire to see them occupy charity to suspect them of so poor a motive as this, the place which alone befits the intrinsic dignity of it enables them, at all events, to occupy a new and their calling and its relation to all that is highest or flattering position, where their political greatness most saving in our humanity. appears to more striking advantage in their condescending patronage of the Church and the Church's movements. Now in all this it is doubtless supposed that the State and statesmen are made subservient to the spiritual kingdom; and yet there may be room for a doubt, at least, whether the real effect may not be directly the reverse. Through the continued dwelling upon the secular benefits-either by politicians directly, on such occasions, or by clergymen out of a conciliating deference to the politician

There is, then, only one place they should occupy. We rejoice when we see them in possession of it; we grieve deeply, as for a most deplorable and calamitous event, when compelled to admit that they have fallen, or are falling, behind it. This place is in the extreme van of the world's true progress, in the "forefront of the hottest battle" with the powers of evil, whether they be the fiends of sin, of ignorance, of false knowledge, false theology, false philosophy, or that most deadly of all Satanic falsities-false sentiment. When we thus speak of the world's progress, no one will mistake our meaning. We have but one idea in the use of the term-progress in truth. And here, too, another kind of cant necessitates a caution in the use of language. It is progress, not so much in new truths -there may be a vast accumulation of these without any substantial advance-as in the wider diffusion, the deeper appreciation, and stronger hold of those truths it is most important for man to know those ancient truths, those never obsolete truths, without which all other progress is but progress in a labyrinth, and all other light but a darkness visible.

the worldly side of all these questions becomes predominant, the spiritual power is lost, and thus there is eventually a failure even in that secular good which might have been secured had it only been kept in its subordinate place. Religion will cease to be politically useful when its political utility is presented as the true or pretended ground of its support. In other words, it will no longer be religion, but a base and far from harmless counterfeit. The best things, when debased, are ever the source of the direst mischiefs. This is the peril at which we hold those priceless gifts-the Christian Revelation and the Christian Church.

There can be no doubt that the tendency, at the present day, is to magnify the political, the social, Do our clergy stand boldly and strongly upon this the secular, or what may be called the worldlyadvance position? If any of our remarks take the humanitarian aspects connected with professedly form of censure, it is in reference to this alone. We religious movements. Even on the anniversary can not bear to see Christ's army, and especially platform it is becoming almost as common to hear his commissioned hosts, occupying any rank behind about the regeneration of the race as the salvation the first, or falling in the wake of any other move-of souls. The millennium is to be ushered in by ments originated and directed by other and secular minds, whether those movements be for good or evil, in harmony with revelation, or directly opposed to its most vital teachings.

There is among us a tendency to make almost every thing subservient to the political. The Church and the clergy share in it. It is a very common deception to suppose that they are in no danger of such an influence, in consequence of the abolition of all outward connection between the Church and the State; but mere forms here, or the want of forms, can furnish no protection. The true position of the clergy may be as much affected by falling into the current of popular sentiment in a democracy, as by dependence on any of the ruling powers in a monarchy.

political movements, and be itself a sort of politicoreligious golden age. Christianity is to cover the earth with railroads and telegraphs, and these, again, to diffuse Christianity with a speed unknown to apostolic times. It may be thought that this is making fast friends of the Mammon of unrighteousness; but is there not some reason to fear that in such a course, instead of the Church's spiritualizing the world, the world will secularize the Church, or that it will be made as completely subservient as though it had been bound to the State by some direct and clearly-defined connection?

It is this same feeling that leads religious men, and especially clergymen, to be peculiarly sensitive about certain points in which the State may be supposed to possess an outward religious character, But in other modes besides that of direct sub- and which are, therefore, prized at far more than serviency may this vantage ground be lost. Even their intrinsic value. We have an example in what where the object aimed at is right, is religious, there is often said in respect to Congressional chaplains. may be too much importance attached to it in its A nation that expressly banishes prayer, or religious mere political aspect-an aspect which, if made acts of any kind, from its public proceedings, can prominent, is sure, in time, to cast a shade upon the not be called a Christian nation. And yet if the more vital and essential features. Thus Mission-practice is only the result of a hollow condescenary and Bible societies will doubtless advance civil-sion, if it is only adopted to show how graciously ization; Sunday-schools aid the cause of law and the politician can manifest his respect for the util order; they promote morals, and are not morals the ities of religion; above all, if it comes to be looked foundation of our liberties? It is thought good pol-upon as furnishing a part of "the spoils," as the

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