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of the deceased, left Paris to forget the scenes and the circumstances connected with the sudden and violent death of her best and only friend. The trial itself possesses an interest with our professional readers for the light which it throws on French jurisprudence. But recent political events in Bavaria have created an increased interest in the case for the view which it presents of the true character of the extraordinary female who has since wielded the destinies of that Kingdom.

The conflagration of Rome is remembered as fixing perpetual infamy upon the name of Nero, while the munificent rebuilding of the city by the same Emperor is almost forgotten. It was the fate of Machiavelli, by the authorship of a single work, to fix a stigma on his reputation which has outlived all the great achievements of a long life of usefulness. The story of the boy who drove a nail in the wall every time he committed an evil deed, and drew one out when he performed a good one, is constantly illustrated in life. The good deeds may be more numerous than the bad ones, and the good that men do may far outweigh, in temporal importance, the evil of their lives; still, so contaminating is the nature of crime, that its marks of shame remain, like the black holes in the wall after the nails had been drawn, to maculate the reputation which had else been spotless. Thus with Lola Montes, she possesses some traits of character, and has performed some acts which would command our admiration at once were it not for the cloud which a grevious sin has thrown upon her character. But let justice be done even to her. The truth can work no injury to any one.

After leaving Paris, she made her next appearance upon the Theatre at Munich. Her association with the literary and political circle in which Dujarier moved in Paris, had made her familiar with general literature, and with European politics in particular. The beauty and rare powers

of mind which won the attachment of her talented protector in Paris made a rapid conquest of the King of Bavaria. The masculine energy and courage which prompted the effort to save the life of her friend by hastening to the duelling ground, with the intention to stand in his place in the deadly conflict, enabled her to acquire an ascendancy over the minds of others. The extent of her influence in Bavaria is shown by her success in driving the Jesuits from power, remodeling the cabinet of the King, and directing all the important measures of his administration.

Leaving her improper relations with that sovereign to the just judgment of an enlightened public, and passing by her elevation to the rank of Countess of Landsfelt, as a circumstance not calculated to disturb the equanimity of plain republicans who place but little value upon patents of nobility, it is due to the cause of justice that a fair record be made of the public acts of these parties, so far as those acts have had an influence upon the kingdom under their control. Where there is so much for morality to condemn it is difficult to see ought to commend.

The King of Bavaria, with all his faults, is something of a poet-has a taste for the fine arts-is a great advocate for internal improvement-and has done a great deal for the cause of religion and of human liberty. Among the Churches built by the King are the St. Ludwig's Church-the Aller Heiligen Chapel, the Theatiner Church, and the Au Church. Among the public buildings built by him are the new palace,—the Glyptothek with all its statues-the Pinacothek, with its statues,-the Odeon,the Public Library,—the University,-the Clerical School, the School for the female children of the Nobility,-the Feldherrenhalle, filled with statues,-the stained glass manufactory-the Arch of Triumph,-the Ruhmeshalle,— the Bazaar, the new Palace and the Walhalla. Nearly all of these magnificent structures have been erected and the

statuary which many of them contain paid for with the King's own money.

The canal which unites the Maine with the Danube, and thus creates an uninterrupted line of water communication from Rotherdam to the biack Sea, it is said, owes its origin to the King of Bavaria. His friends also claim for him the merit of having first conceived the idea of the Zollverein, which is usually attributed to the King of Prussia. He was the prime mover of the plan for the national rail-ways of Bavaria, and took a most active part in originating the company for running steam boats from the highest navigable point of the Danube above Donanwerth, down to Regensburg. He also introduced, for the benefit of his people, the Landratke system, under which the actual cultivator of the soil is protected in his independence and is no longer the trembling slave of despotism. Under this system he may obtain from the state, on fair and moderate terms, the money necessary to improve the land and carry on his farming operations to advantage. It is true, he must pay an annual rent for the land; but his condition as tenant is accompanied with the privilege of becoming the absolute owner of the fee-simple by the payment of a certain number of years' rent in advance.— A few years' labor enables the tenant to become the owner.

The King came to the throne filled with the most liberal ideas. He was about to admit his people to a very large share of political freedom, but he became suddenly alarmed by the revolutionary movements of 1830 and took to his counsels the Jesuits. Whether from the dictates of his own altered mind, or through the influence of those counsellors, it is not our purpose to enquire, but it is alleged that his government degenerated into a low, petty tyranny, under priestly influences, accompanied with a rigid censorship of the press; and it became intolerable to all but the favored few.

In this stage of Bavarian affairs Lola Montes made her appearance. She obtained permission to dance upon the theatre at Munich. Her beauty and distinguished manners attracted the notice of the King. On further acquaintance with her, he became enamored of her originality of character, her mental powers, and of those bold and novel political views which she fearlessly and frankly laid before him. Under her counsels, a total revolution soon after, took place in the Bavarian system of government. The existing ministry were dismissed; new and more liberal advisers were chosen; the power of the Jesuits was ended; Austrian influences repelled, and a foundation laid for making Bavaria an independent member of the great family of nations. These favorable results may fairly be attributed to the talents, the energy and the influence of Lola Montes, who received, in her promotion to the nobility, only the usual reward of political services. She became Countess of Landsfelt, accompanied by an estate of the same name, with certain feudal privileges and rights over some two thousand souls. Her income, including a recent addition from the King of 20,000 florins per annum, is 70,000 florins, or little more than £5000 per annum.In addition to which she has private property of her own in the English or French funds, a great portion of which it is said consists of shares in the Palais Royal at Paris, left her by Dujarier in his will.

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It is alleged that relations other than political exist between this extraordinary female and the King of Bavaria. The fact is too notorious to be denied; and the conduct of the parties in this respect must receive the condemnation of every friend to morality. The King is a married man, and nevertheless has improperly permitted himself to become passionately attached to the Countess of Landsfelt. This attachment enabled her to work out the great political changes which have taken place in Bavaria; and

it is but just to acknowledge that it is the political use she has made of her relations with the king, and not the immorality of that connexion itself, that has brought down upon her most of the vehement censures which the defeated party have bestowed, from time to time, accompanied by the bitterest calumnies. The moral indignation which her political opponents displayed was unfortunately a mere sham. They had not only tolerated, but PATRONIZED a female who formerly held the equivocal position which the Countess of Landsfelt recently held, because the former made herself subservient to the then dominant party. Give even the evil one his due. Let even Lola Montes have credit for her talents, her intelligence, and her support of popular rights. As a political character she held, until her retirement to Switzerland, an important position in Bavaria, besides having agents and correspondents in various courts of Europe. On foreign politics she has clear ideas and has been treated by the political men of the country as a substantive power. She always kept state secrets, and could be consulted with safety, in cases in which her original habits of thought rendered her of service. Acting under her advice, the King had pledged himself to a course of steady improvement in the political freedom of the people. Although she wielded so much power, it is alleged that she never used it either for the promotion of unworthy persons, or, as other favorites have done, for corrupt purposes; and there is reason to believe that political feeling influenced her course, not sordid considerations.

For the foregoing facts in relation to the public merits of the King of Bavaria and the new Countess of Landsfelt we are indebted to an article in Frazer's Magazine.And we refer the professional reader to the Law Reporter of August 1846, for a more extended account of the trial of Bouvallon.

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