party in such suit shall be dissatisfied with the decision given by such Consul, it shall be lawful for such party, within 15 days, to give to the Consul notice of appeal to the Judge; and the proceedings in such a suit, or in an appeal arising therefrom, shall be conformable to and under the same conditions as the proceedings in a suit, or in an appeal arising therefrom, in which a British subject is defendant, and a subject of the Sublime Ottoman Porte, or a subject or citizen of a foreign State in amity with Her Majesty, is plaintiff.

XXIV. And it is further ordered, that whenever it shall be necessary for the Judge acting as the representative of the ConsulGeneral, to communicate with the Government of the Sublime Ottoman Porte, whether in the way of complaint against any matter or thing done, or neglected to be done, by any agent or officer of the said Government, or by way of remonstrance, or for any other purpose, such communication shall be made under the seal of the Consular Court, through Her Majesty's Ambassador at the said Porte, and through his interposition, and not otherwise; and Her Majesty's Ambassador shall thereupon, if he shall think fit, make such communication, or in case Her Majesty's Ambassador shall consider it undesirable to make such communication, then such Ambassador shall state his reasons in writing, for the information of Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and transmit the same, together with a copy of the communication itself, and of the reasons given by the Judge for requesting the same to be made, to the said Secretary of State.

XXV. And it is further ordered, that whenever any British subject shall, within the district of the said Consular Court of Constantinople, become bankrupt or insolvent, or unable or refuse to pay his just debts, it shall be lawful for the Judge of the Consular Court, on the petition of any creditor, to cite such person to appear before him for the purpose of answering such questions touching his estate, both real and personal, as such Judge shall think fit; and if such person shall neglect to appear when so summoned, it shall be lawful for the Judge to issue a warrant, under the seal of the said Court, for his apprehension, and cause him to be taken into custody; and upon his so appearing he shall be proceeded against in the said Consular Court in the same way, so far as circumstances will admit, as if he were within the jurisdiction of the Courts of Bankruptcy or Insolvency in England; and such Judge shall, for the purposes aforesaid, possess and have all the powers, authority, and jurisdiction of the Commissioners of Insolvency or Bankruptcy in England.

XXVI. And it is further ordered, that it shall be lawful for the Judge to hear and decide all cases of appeal in bankruptcy or insolvency, which shall be brought either by the petitioning creditor

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of any bankrupt, or by the bankrupt himself, against the decision of any Consul sitting in bankruptcy or insolvency, in the same way as such Judge shall hear and decide all other cases of appeal under the XVIth and XVIIth Articles of this Order.

XXVII. And it is further ordered, that in the event of any question of law or fact, or of mixed law and fact, arising out of the administration of any estate of a deceased British subject within the dominions of the Sublime Ottoman Porte, it shall be lawful for the Consul-General, or other Consular Officer under whose authority and direction such estate is being administered, to direct the parties interested in such estate, and raising such question as aforesaid, to prepare a special case according to the rules and regulations to be laid down by the Judge under Article X of this Order, for his decision and direction, and such Judge shall thereupon make such order in the matter as he shall think fit.

XXVIII. And it is further ordered, that a minute of the proceedings in every case heard and determined before the Judge, or before any Consul, in pursuance of this or any other Order, shall be drawn up and be signed by the Judge or Consul, and shall, in cases where assessors are present, be open for the inspection of such assessors, and for their signature if they shall therein concur; and such minute, together with the depositions of the witnesses or notes of the evidence taken at such trial by the Judge or Consul, shall be preserved in the public office of the said Judge or Consul, and a copy of every such minute shall be transmitted by the Judge or Consul, in such form as shall hereafter be determined to Her Majesty's Chief Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs every six months.

XXIX. And it is further ordered, that it shall be lawful for every Consul within the dominions of the Sublime Ottoman Porte to execute the writs and orders issuing from the Supreme Consular Court at Constantinople, and take security from each and every party named in such writ or order for his appearance in person or by his attorney, and in default of such security, or when specially ordered by the said Court, to send such party to Constantinople in the manner pointed out in the VIIth Article of the Order in Council, of the date of the 19th of June, 1844.

XXX. And it is further ordered, that any suit or action brought against the Judge or Consul in any Consular Court by reason of anything done under the authority and in execution of the power or jurisdiction of Her Majesty intrusted to him or them by this or any other Order, or in execution of any power or jurisdiction heretofore customarily exercised by any of Her Majesty's Consuls or officers on her behalf, shall be commenced or prosecuted within six months after he or they shall have been within the jurisdiction of the said Court, and not otherwise; and the defendant in every such action or

suit shall be entitled to the benefit of the provisions made with respect to defendants in actions or suits, in an Act passed in the 11th and 12th years of Her Majesty's reign, chapter 44; and in an Act passed in the 6th and 7th years of Her Majesty's reign, intituled "An Act to remove doubts as to the exercise of power and jurisdiction by Her Majesty within divers countries and places out of Her Majesty's dominions, and to render the same more effectual."

XXXI. And it is further ordered, that all fees, penalties, fines, and forfeitures levied under this or any other Order, save and except such fees as may be raised by a percentage on the estates of bankrupts or insolvents, or in respect of the administration of the estate of deceased persons, or of a deposit of moneys with any Consular officer shall be paid to the public account, and be applied in diminution of the public expenditure on account of the Consular service in the Levant.

XXXII. And it is further ordered, that if any provision of any Article of this Order shall be in anywise repugnant to or at variance with certain Orders passed by Her Majesty on the 2nd day of October, 1843; the 19th day of June, 1844; and the 24th day of April, 1847, respectively, or either of them, then such provision of such Article of this Order, so long as the same shall be in force, shall be obeyed and observed, anything in the said recited Orders in Council contained to the contrary in anywise notwithstanding.

XXXIII. And it is further ordered, that this Order shall take effect from and after the 1st day of November next ensuing.

XXXIV. And the Right Honourable the Earl of Clarendon, and the Right Honourable Henry Labouchere, two of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, and the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, are to give the necessary directions herein, as to them may respectively appertain.

C. C. GREVILLE.

TREATY of Friendship, Offensive and Defensive, between Liberia and the State of Maryland, in Liberia.—Signed at Harper, February 19, 1857.

WHEREAS serious difficulties have arisen between the Government of the State of Maryland in Liberia and certain of the aboriginal tribes of the Cape Palmas district, and whereas the Government of the State of Maryland in Liberia through its Executive, acting under authority of an Act of the General Assembly of the said State of Maryland in Liberia, passed January 26, 1857-having applied to

the Government of the Republic of Liberia for material aid in the supply of men and munitions of war; and whereas the Legislature of the Republic aforesaid penetrated with the necessity of affording prompt and efficient aid to a sister State, and of putting an end to the sanguinary contest which exposes the lives and property of the inhabitants of the State of Maryland in Liberia to the ravages of a savage foe, and animated by the desire of stopping the further effusion of blood and of arresting the evils of all kinds which might arise from the continuance of such a state of things, have by an Act approved February 8th, 1857, authorized the President of the Republic of Liberia to adopt measures for the formation of an allied military force, offensive and defensive, of volunteers to be raised in the said Republic of Liberia in settling the difficulties now subsisting between the said State and those of the aboriginal inhabitants who are hostile within its jurisdiction, and in re-establishing peace and confidence, which are called for as much by the laws of humanity as by the interests of all the civilized communities on this coast; and whereas the President of the Republic of Liberia, by the Legislative Act aforesaid, is authorized and directed to assume the expense of maintenance and payment of the troops employed, and of the munitions of war supplied to the Government of Maryland in Liberia, for the purpose aforesaid; and as a means of doing so, the President of the Republic aforesaid being authorized so to do, has borrowed money on the faith and credit of the Government of the Republic of Liberia, which money, as far as applied to the defence of the State of Maryland in Liberia, in emoluments to volunteers, and the supply of munitions of war, is to be reimbursed to the Government of the Republic of Liberia by the said State of Maryland in Liberia :

Therefore his Excellency the President of the Republic of Liberia, and his Excellency the Governor of the State of Maryland in Liberia, being desirous to regulate by a formal Treaty the conditions on which the troops of the Republic of Liberia are to serve the State of Maryland in Liberia in its present emergency, as well also to settle the mode and manner by which the State of Maryland in Liberia will reimburse to the Government of the Republic of Liberia the amount of money expended or other considerations granted by the said Government for the military assistance rendered in conformity with the Legislative Act aforesaid.

The President of the Republic of Liberia has, for this purpose, named as his Commissioner Joseph Jenkins Roberts, a citizen of the Republic of Liberia, &c.; and the Governor of the State of Maryland in Liberia having named as his Commissioner Joseph Thomas Gibson, a citizen of the State of Maryland in Liberia to conclude such a Treaty. The said Commissioners after having communicated

to each other their respective powers, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles :

ART. I. The troops of the Republic of Liberia, appointed by the President of the said Republic on the service aforesaid shall co-operate in all military operations, whether offensive or defensive, as hereinafter stipulated, with the Government of the State of Maryland in Liberia in the defence of the said State of Maryland, and in bringing to just and amicable terms of peace, the aboriginal tribes now hostile to the said State of Maryland in Liberia.

II. In all cases the troops of the Republic of Liberia shall be commanded by their own regimental and company officers; nevertheless when said troops are concentrated with the troops of the State of Maryland in Liberia, and acting together in line or otherwise, the senior general, regimental, or company officer present, whether bearing a commission of the Republic of Liberia or of the State of Maryland in Liberia, shall assume the command of the whole allied force.

III. While it is understood that the individuals composing the military force supplied by the Government of the Republic of Liberia are subject to the civil laws of the State of Maryland in Liberia, and may be adjudged accordingly for any and all unlawful offences committed by them, or any one of them, within the jurisdiction of the said State of Maryland in Liberia, it is also understood and stipulated that the said troops shall be subject to the military laws of their own Government only, and shall be tried for all military offences by court-martial composed of officers appointed by their own commander; and shall be punished according to the finding of such court-martial, if approved by the commander, and in no other way.

IV. The President of the Republic of Liberia, and the Governor of the State of Maryland in Liberia, wishing to maintain concert and harmony of action in the measures necessary to be adopted for restoring peace, and as martial law has been proclaimed and is now in force in the State of Maryland in Liberia, it is deemed desirable and is hereby agreed and stipulated, that the plans of operations against the enemy and the measures for restoring peace, shall be entrusted to a commission composed of his Excellency the Governor of the State of Maryland in Liberia; the commander of the forces of the Republic of Liberia; Dr. James Hall, Agent of Maryland Colonization Society, and four other gentlemen to be named respectively by his Excellency the Governor and the Commander of the Troops of the Republic of Liberia.

V. The State of Maryland in Liberia hereby solemnly pledges itself to reimburse to the Government of the Republic of Liberia all moneys or money value which may have been expended or granted