the front of the houfe; and a beautiful vifta is terminated by a view of the village of Waltham Abbey and the woodland hills of Effex.

Near the entrance of this parifh from Enfield, and at the corner of the road leading to Waltham Abbey, ftands Waltham Crofs, a beautiful piece of Gothic fculpture, now much decayed. It is one of thofe erected by the firft Edward, to the memory of his queen Eleanor, at every place where her hearfe ftopped. In former times an idea of peculiar fanctity was annexed to thefe croffes.

At Cheflunt, Richard Cromwell, the Protector, fpent many years of a venerable old age; a ftriking leffon, how much obfcurity and peace are to be preferred to all the fplendid infelicities of guilty ambition. He affumed the name of Clark, and firft refided here in 1680, in a house near the church; and here he died, in 1712, in his 86th year; enjoying a good state of health to the laft, and fo hale and hearty, that, at fourfcore, he would gallop his horfe for many miles together. See Theobalds.

CHEVENING, a village, 21 M. F. L. in the road to Sevenoaks. Here was the family feat of the Lennards, Lords Dacre, from the reign of Henry VI, till Anne, Lady Dacre, widow of Richard Barret Lennard, Efq. fold it to James, firft Earl Stanhope. The prefent structure is a handsome modern one, fronted with stucco,

CHEYNEYS, between Flaunden and Rickmanfworth, has been the feat of the Ruffels, now Dukes of Bedford, about 200 years, and is ftill their burying-place, adorned with noble monuments.

CHIGWELL, a village in Effex, 10 M. F. L. on the road to Ongar. Here is a free-fchool endowed by Abp. Harfnett, who had been vicar of this place: He was buried in the church, and over his grave was his figure in brass, as large as the life, dreffed in his robes, with his mitre and crofier. This, for the better perfervation of it, has fince been erected upon a pedestal in the chancel. In this village is Rolls, the feat of Eliab Harvey, Efq.

CHINKFORD, a village, near Woodford, fo agreeably fituated for retirement, that the moft remote distance from the metropolis can hardly exceed it.

H 2

CHIPSTEAD

CHIPSTEAD-PLACE, two miles from Sevenoaks, the ancient feat of Charles Polhill, Efq.

CHISLEHURST, á village near Bromley, in Kent, 114 M. F. L. where the celebrated Camden compofed the principal part of his Annals of Queen Elizabeth. This was the birth-place of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper in that reign, and father of the great Viscount St. Alban's; and here alfo was born the famous Sir Francis Wallingham. In this place is Frognal, the feat of Vifcount Sydney. And oppofite Bertie Place is the villa of Mr. Twycrofs. See Bertie Place, and Camden place.

CHISWICK, a village on the Thames, five M. F. L. near the road to Hounflow. In the church-yard is a mo. nument to the memory of Hogarth: on this monument, which is ornamented with a mark, a laurel wreath, a palette, pencils, and a book infcribed " Analyfis of Beauty," are the following lines, by his friend Garrick:

Farewell, great painter of mankind,
Who reach'd the nobleft point of art;
Whofe pictur'd morals charm the mind,
And through the eye correct the heart!
If genius fire thee, reader, ftay;
If nature move thee, drop a tear;
If neither touch thee, turn away;

For Hogarth's honour'd duft lies here.

Near this is the tomb of a gentleman, many years diftinguifhed as a critic in a refpectable periodical publica tion. On this is infcribed the following epitaph, written by Mr. Arthur Murphy.

WILLIAM ROSE, L L. D.

Died July 4, 1786, Ætat. 67.

Whoe'er thou art, with filent footsteps tread.
The hollow'd mould where Rofe reclines his head.
Ah! let not Folly one kind tear deny,
But penfive paufe where truth and honour lie.
His the gay wit that fond attention drew,
Oft heard, and oft admir'd, yet ever new;

The

The heart that melted at another's grief,
The hand in fecret that beftowed relief;
Science untinctur'd by the pride of fchools,
And native goodnefs free from formal rules.
With zeal through life he toil'd in learning's cause,
But more, fair virtue! to promote thy laws.
His ev'ry action fought the noblet end;
The tender husband, father, brother, friend.
Perhaps e'en now, from yonder realms of day,
To his lov'd relatives he fends a ray;
Pleas'd to behold affections, like his own,
With filial duty raife this votive tone.

In the church, in the Earl of Burlington's vault, is interred the illuftrious Kent, a painter, architect, and the father of modern gardening. "In the first character," fays Mr. Walpole," he was below mediocrity; in the fecond, he was restorer of the fcience; in the laft, an original, and the inventor of an art that realizes painting, and improves nature. Mahomet imagined an Elyfium, but Kent created many." He frequently declared, it is faid, that he caught his tafte in gardening, from reading the picturefque defcriptions of Spenfer*. Mafon, alluding to his mediocrity as a painter, pays this fine tribute to his excellence in the decoration of rural fcenery :

He felt

The pencil's power: but,fir'd by higher forms
Of beauty, than that pencil knew to paint,
Work'd with the living hues that Nature lent,
And realized his landscapes. Generous he,
Who gave to painting, what the wayward Nymph
Refus'd her votary, thofe Elyfian fcences,
Which, would the emulate, her niceft hand.
Muft all its force of light and fhade employ.

ENG: GARD. Book 1. Line 510.

On the outfide of the wall of the church-yard, on a fone tablet, is the following infcription:

* However this may be, the defigns which he made for the works of that poet, are an incontestable proof, that thefe picturesque defcriptions had no effect upon his executive power as a painter,

H 3

"This

"This wall was made at ye charges of ye Right Honourable & Truelie pious Lorde Francis Ruffel Duke of Bedford out of true Zeale and Care for ye keeping of this Church Yard and ye Wardrobe of Gods Saints whofe Bodies lay therein buried from violating by Swine and other prophanation fo witneffeth William Walker, V. A. D. 1623."

Befide Chifwick Houfe, here is the handfome feat of the late Lord Grantham, now Mrs. Luther's.

CHISWICK HOUSE, a celebrated feat of the Duke of Devonshire, built by the great Earl of Burlington. The afcent to the houfe is by a noble double flight of steps, on one fide of which is a ftatue of Palladio, and, on the other, that of Inigo Jones. The portico is fupported by fix fluted Corinthian pillars, with a pediment; and a dome, at the top enlightens a beautiful octagonal faloon.

"This houfe," fays Mr. Walpole, "the idea of which is borrowed from a well know villa of Palladio, is a model of tafte, though not without faults, fome of which are occafioned by too ftrict adherence to rules and fymmetry. Such are too many correfponding doors in fpaces fo contracted; chimneys between windows, and, which is worse, windows between chimneys; and veftibules, however beautiful, yet little fecured from the damps of this climate. The truffes that fupport the ceiling of the corner drawing-room are beyond meafyre maflive, and the ground apartment is rather a diminutive catacomb than a library in a northern latitude. Yet thefe blemishes, and Lord Hervey's wit, who faid "the houfe was too fmall to inhabit, and too large to hang to one's watch," cannot depreciate the taste that reigns throughout the whole. The larger court, dignified by pictureique cedars, and the claffic fcenery of the fmall court that unites the old and new house, are more worth feeing than many fragments of ancient grandeur, which our travellers vifit under all the dangers attendant on long voyages. The garden is · in the Italian tafte, but divested of conceits, and far preferable to every ftyle that reigned till our late improvements. The buildings are heavy, and not equal to the purity of the houfe, The lavith quantity of urns and fculpture behind the garden front fhould be retrenched."

Such

Such were the fentiments of Mr. Walpole on this celebrated viila, before the noble proprietor attempted the capital improvements in which he is now proceeding. Two wings have been added to the house, from the defigns of Mr. Wyatt. Thefe will remove the objections that have been made to the houfe, as more fanciful and beautiful, than convenient and habitable; but they feem to be too close to the centre, too large in proportion to it, and perhaps, too elegantly fimple to appear as correfponding parts. The Italian garden is to difplay the beauties of modern planting; and fome of the fombre yews, with the termini, and other pieces of fculpture, have already been removed. The most valuable pictures in the Duke's magnificent collection are taken down, and put up in packing-cafes, till the improvements are finished.

CLANDON, Eaft and Weft, are two contiguous villages in Surry. Weft Clandon, 26 M. F. L. is the manor of Lord Onflow, whofe noble feat, near the church, is after an Italian model, and is confidered as the best family house in the county. At Eaft Clandon is the feat of Mr. Sumner. See Hatchlands.

CLAPHAM, in Surry, a delightfully pleafant village, 3 M. F. L. which, with many handfome houfes in its vicinity, furrounds an extenfive common, from many parts of which are beautiful views of the Thames, with London, and the country beyond it. About 30 years ago, this common was no better than a morafs, and the roads leading to it, at times, almost impaffable. These laft have been, of late, greatly improved, and the common, which is planted with many fine trees, beautifully difpofed, has now the appearance of a handfome park. Thefe improvements were begun and finished at the ex-* pence of the inhabitants, who were much indebted to the taste and exertions of Chriftopher Baldwin, Efq. whofe villa is in the vicinity; and who, fo much has the value of property been enhanced fince the improvements, has lately fold 14 acres of land, near his own house, for 5ocol. Among other refidences on this delightful common is, that of the family of Thornton, occupied by Samuel, Robert, and Henry Thornton, Efqrs. fons of