To this

members were to be fworn at their admiffion. college belongs a chapel, in which the founder himself, who was the first Master, is buried. The Mafter is Lord of the maner for a confiderable extent, and enjoys the affluence and ease of the Prior of a monaftery. Both he and the Warden must continue unmarried, on pain of being excluded the college. The Warden always fucceeds upon the death of the Master.

The original edifice was after a plan of Inigo Jones, in the old tafte, and contains the chapel, Master's apartment, &c. in the front, and the lodgings of the other inhabitants, &c. in the wings. That on the east fide was new built, in 1739. The master's rooms are adorned with noble old furniture, which he is obliged to purchase, on his entrance into that ftation; and there is a library to which every Master generally adds a number of books.

DURDANS, near Epfom, was originally built by George firft Earl of Berkeley, with the materials brought from Nonfuch, when that celebrated royal refidence was demolished. But this being destroyed by fire, many years ago, was afterward rebuilt by Mr. Dalbiac, and is now the feat of Mrs. Kenworthy.

E.

ALING, Great and Little, two villages between Brentford and A&ton. At Great Ealing are many handfome villas, among which the most diftinguished are Ealing Grove House, Mr. Bayly's; Rockwork Gate Houfe, the elegant refidence of Mr. Matthias; and a houfe, lately built by Mr. Wood, on a fine eminence on the right hand of the road from Acton to Hanwell. At Little Ealing, is Place Houfe, the villa of Sir Charles Gould, and the houses of General Lafcelles and Mr. Fithher. See Gunnerfbury Houfe.

EAST HAM. This parish is fituated between Weft Ham and Barking. About a mile N. W. from the church, is an excellent houfe, partly ancient, and partly modernized, with an ancient tower in the garden, 50 feet high. This houfe is faid to have been built by King Henry

VIII

It

VIII for. Anne Boleyn. The eftate has been in the family of the Nevils, Earls of Westmorland and Lords Latimer, fome of whom are interred in the church. was afterwards in the poffeffion of Sir Francis Holcroft, and afterward of Sir Jacob Garrard Downing, bart. It is now the property and refidence of William Morley, efq.

EAST SHENE, a village near Richmond, in Surry, where Lord Palmerston, a defcendant from Sir John Temple, brother of the celebrated Sir William Temple, has a handsome feat and gardens. Here is likewife the noble feat of Charles Bowles, efq. built after the defign of Meffrs. Carr and Morris, and very elegantly furnished ; and here alfo are the villas of Philip Francis, efq. and Mr. Alderman Watson. At West Shene, Sir William Temple had a house and gardens, before he removed to More Park, in the fame county, and not at Eaft Shene, as is generally, but erroneously fuppofed.

EDGWARE, a market town, eight M. F. L. on the road to Aylesbury. The weft fide of the ftreet is in the parish of Whitechurch. See Canons.

EDMONTON, a village in Middlesex, seven M. F. L. in the road to Ware.

EFFINGHAM, a village, three miles from Leatherhead, was once, according to tradition, a popular place, in which were fixteen churches. There are ftill proofs of its being once much larger than it is at prefent; for wells, and cavities like cellars, have been frequently found in the fields and woods here; and in the church are feveral old ftalls and monuments.

EGHAM, a village in Surry, on the Thames, 18 M. F. L. Here is a neat alms-house, founded in 1706, by Mr. Henry Strode, merchant of London, for fix men and fix women, who must be 60 years of age, and have been parishioners of Egham 20 years, without having received any parochial relief. The centre of this building is a good houfe for a fchoolmaster, who has 40l. a year and a chaldron of coals, (befide an allowance for an affistant) for the education of 20 poor boys of Egham. Sir John Denham, father of the poet of the fame name, and Baron of the Exchequer in the reigns of James and Charles I, refided in this parish, and founded an alms-house here,

for

for fix men and fix women. See Cooper's Hill, and Runny

Mead.

ELSTREE, a village in Herts, 11 M. F. L. in the road from Edgware to St. Alban's, is thought by Norden to have been the Roman city called Sullonica, mentioned by Antoninus; but Camden and Horfley are of opinion that it was on Brockley Hill, in this neighbourhood; many urns, coins, Roman bricks, &c. having been dug up there; and at Penny-well, near Brockley Hill, are still visible the foundation of feveral walls.

ELTHAM, a town, eight M. F. L. on the road to Maidftone. Anthony Beek, Bishop of Durham, having fraudulently fecured the poffeffion of this manor, beautified the capital manfion, and left it to Eleanor the Queen of Edward I. Edward II frequently refided here. His Queen was here delivered of a fon, who had the name of John of Eltham. Poffibly, from this circumftance, it is improperly called King John's Palace; unless it should have obtained this appellation from the fumptuous entertainment given here by Henry III to the captive King John of France. Henry VII built the front toward the moat; but this palace was neglected, after Greenwich became the favourite country refidence of his fucceffors. Our princes often celebrated their feftivals at Eltham with great pomp. One of the laft of these feafts was held here at Whitefuntide, in 1515, when Henry VIII created Sir Edward Stanley, Baron Monteagle, for his fervices at Flodden Field. Part of the itately hall, which was the scene of those feafts, is ftill in tolerable prefervation, and is ufed as a barn. Queen Elizabeth, who was born at Greenwich, was frequently carried thence to Eltham, when an infant, for the benefit of the air: and this palace fhe vifited in a fummer-excurfion round the country in 1559. The manor belongs to Sir John Shaw, who has here an elegant feat and plantations, called Eltham Lodge, but the trees in the Park are the property of the Crown, and many of them were marked for fale in the laft furvey. In the handsome garden of Mr. Dorrington is a green-house, in which were formerly kept the exotics of that eminent botanift, Dr. Sherrard. The Fotos Ellamienfis is well known to the curious in at

part of Shooter's Hill, in this parifh, is a lofty tower, erected by Lady James, to commemorate the fhare which her husband, the late Sir William James, had in the reduction of a fort in the Eaft Indies. This ftructure, which is called Severndroog Caftle, is erected from a defign by Mr. Jupp, and is of a triangular form, with turrets at each angle. It is feen at a great distance. Fairy Hill and Park Farm Place.

See

EMBER COURT, at Thames Ditton, between Kingfton and Efher, was the feat of the right hon. Arthur Onflow, the celebrated fpeaker of the Houfe of Commons. It is now the feat of Francis Ford, efq.

ENFIELD, a market town in Middlefex, 10 M. F. L. was famous for its chafe, a large tract of woodland, filled with deer. This was granted, by the Conqueror, to an anceftor of the Mandeviles, Earls of Effex, from whom it came to the Bobuns, and was afterward annexed to the Duchy of Lancafter. When King James refided at Theobalds, this chafe was well stocked with deer; but, in the civil wars, it was ftripped of the game and timber, and let out in farms. At the Reftoration, however, it was again laid open, woods were planted, and the whole chafe was again flocked with deer; but, by an act of Parlia ment, in 1779, it was disforefted. Part of it was allotted to different parishes, and inclofed, when it was found to contain 8349 acres; and another part, referved to the crown, was afterwards fold, in eight lots, at the office of the Duchy of Lancafter. In the town, oppofite to the church, was an ancient brick ftructure, built in the reign of Henry VII, by Sir Thomas Lovel. Henry VIII is thought to have purchafed it as a nursery for the royal children. Edward VI went hence to the Tower, on his acceflion to the throne. In April 1557, the Princess Elizabeth was escorted from Hatfield to Enfield Chase, by a retinue of 12 ladies in white fatin, an ambling palfries, and 20 yeomen in green, all on horfeback, that her grace might bunt the bart. On entering the chafe, fhe was met by 50 archers, in fcarlet boots and yellow caps, armed with gilded bows, one of whom prefented her with a filver headed arrow winged with peacock's feathers. By way of closing the fport, the princefs was gratified with the

fancy,

privilege of cutting the throat of a buck; a privilege, we fancy, which our prefent amiable princeffes will never be folicitous to claim. It was afterward alienated from the crown, and is now the property of Samuel Clayton, efq. Only a fmall part behind, is left ftanding; the whole building, in front, being taken down; and, on the fite of it, are erected fome small houses. In the garden is ftill a fine cedar of Libanus, planted about the middle of the last century. Enfield Park, part of this royal demefne, is the handfome feat of Mr. Clayton. In this parifh alfo are feveral handfome villas; particularly Forty Hill, Captain Armstrong's; Weft Lodge, Jofeph Kaye, efq. Eaft Lodge, Henry Goodwyn, efq. and North Lodge, Thomas James, efq. See South Lodge and Trent

Place.

ENGLEFIELD GREEN, in the parish of 'Egham, in the county of Berks, is delightfully fituated on the fummit of Cooper's Hill, in the road that leads through Windfor Great Park to Reading. Among fome good houfes here, is the handfome feat and gardens of Mrs. Hervey.

EPPING, a town in Effex, 16 M. F. L. The markets, which are on Thurfday for cattle, and on Friday for provifions, are kept in Epping-street, a hamlet about a mile and a half from the church. The butter made in this part of the country, and known in London by the name of Epping butter, is in particular efteem, and fells, in courfe, at a higher price than any other.

EPPING FOREST, a royal chafe, extending from the town of Epping almoft to London, was anciently a very extensive district, and, under the name of the Foreft of Effex, included a great part of the county. It had afterward the name of Waltham Foreft, which has long yielded to its prefent appellation. To this foreft, that of Hainault, which lies to the fouth-eaft, was once, it is fuppofed, an appendage. Both thefe forefts are adorned with many handsome feats and villas. See Hainault Foreft.

Its

EPSOM, a market town in Surry, 141 M. F. L. mineral waters, which iffue from a rifing ground near Afhfted, were discovered in 1618, and foon became famous; and though they are far from being in the fame

K 2

repute: