III. Papers on Female Education. 1. FEMALE EDUCATION IN GERMANY. A French traveller has given the result of his extensive observations in Germany, in regard to the practical education of German females. The plan is somewhat novel and original; but its benefits, in view of the many contingencies of life, cannot be denied. How much better it is for the youth of both sexes to be educated competent to discharge the responsibilities they must sooner or later assume in life, than to grow up altogether unfitted for any station which involves industry and thrift? The German routine of domestic education is worthy of the consideration of thoughtful and prudent parents. And if the example of high birth is of any value, the following instances afford illustration where both the rich and the noble know how to condescend to be useful: one. "The culinary art forms a part of the education of women in Germany. The well-to-do tradesman, like the mechanic, takes pride in seeing his daughters good housekeepers. To effect his object, the girl, on leaving school, which she does when about fourteen years of age, goes through the ceremony of confirmation, and is then placed by her parents with a country clergyman, or in a large family, where she remains for one or two years, filling what may almost be termed the post of servant, and doing the work of This is looked upon as an apprenticeship to domestic economy. She differs from a servant, however, in this-she receives no wages. On the contrary, her parents often pay for the care taken of her, as well as for her clothing. This is the first step in her education of housekeeper. She next passes, on the same conditions, into the kitchen of a rich private family, or in that of some hotel of good repute. Here she has control of the expenditure, and of the servants employed in it, and assists personally in the cooking, but is always addressed as Fraulein, or Miss, and is treated by the family with deference and consideration. Many daughters of rich families receive a similar training, with this difference, however, that they receive it in a princely mansion, or a royal residence. There is a reigning queen in Germany at the present moment, who was trained in this way. Consequently, the women in Germany are perfect models of order and economy. The richest lady, as well as the poorest woman, is well acquainted with the market price of provisions; and it gives one real satisfaction to see her bustling about from one part of the house to another-now peeping into the nursery to see how the children are going on, then looking into the kitchen to see that the cook is doing her duty, and that everything is perfectly clean, and generally giving an eye to everything and everybody, keeping all well up to their work. In short, she is the soul of the house." With such domestic education and management, it is not a matter of surprise that the Germans, as a class, should generally be prosperous, and rapidly accumulate means and comforts about them, wherever they are found settled in America. perial school for orphans of military men at St. Denis shall be provided with places in the telegraph offices. From 15 to 30 pupils are now practising daily on the telegraph apparatus, with a view to qualify themselves. IV. French and English Statistics. 1. THE FRENCH CENSUS. The census of France for 1861 has just been published in a bulky volume. The French number their population once in five years, twice as often as the United States or Great Britain. Considering the almost stationary condition of the French population, this frequency would seem to be almost unnecessary, but in a country where the government undertakes to do so much in the way of regulating public affairs, there may he reasons for a national "stocktaking," which do not exist in nations where matters are left more to self-regulation. The French population increases very slowly compared with some other countries; a fact which those who are familiar with the social life of France will find no difficulty in explaining. Where the marriage relation is to a large extent discarded, it is to be expected that population should make slow progress. The following statistics show the population of France at each census, from 1836 to 1861 : Annual inc. Per cent. 688,269 0.41 1,170,398 0.68 382,684 0.22 356,194 0.20 577,890 0.32 It would thus appear that during the 25 years ending with 1861 the population has increased only 3.76,346, or less than 10 per cent. During the same period the population of Great Britain increased from 17,421,000 to 23,284,907, or 33 per cent. From 1835 to 1860, also a period of 25 years, the population of the United States increased from 15,000,000 to 30,333,000, or nearly 110 per cent. It is all the more remarkable that the French population should have increased so little, as compared with that of Great Britain, considering that the French population has contributed but few emigrants to other countries, while the British population has been heavily depleted by emigration to America and Australia. It is also necessary to remember, in comparing the rates of increase between France and the United States, that of the increase above alluded to, 4,573,863 is due to immigration. Apart from the accessions from this source, the increase in this country for 25 years is 75 per cent. The French census furnishes some singular facts, showing the disinclination of the French population to emigrate. Of the 36,864,678 souls composing the purely French population of the Em2. EDUCATION OF GIRLS IN THE SANDWICH ISLANDS. pire, but 3,883,579 were domiciled out of the departments where An hour in the morning is spent in gardening, the girls having they were born; more than 88 per cent. of the entire population were living in their native departments. This fact strikingly illusunder cultivation about two acres of land. Besides this, the girls do all their own work, such as washing, ironing, and other house-trates how strongly local attachments predominate in the French work. Some of them are quite skilled in crocheting and other character; at the same time it does not argue strongly in favor of the enterprise of the Frenchmen. Considering, however, that one fancy work. Every afternoon the whole company, with their lady half of the French population is employed in agriculture, this adteachers, either go to walk or indulge in the aquatic sport of bath-hesion to "local habitation" is not so remarkable. ing and swimming, for which the river affords a fine place. Many Seven-eighths of the whole population is Roman Catholic. The of them are said to rival the mermaids in the celerity and grace Protestants number 802,339; the Jews 79,094; other sects 12,095. with which they glide through, over and under the water. Most The following table gives the number of persons employed in the of them acquired the art of swimming before they entered the various trades or professions, with those dependent upon them, school. This is a part of school instruction too often neglected. that is, the heads of families, with their wives, children, &c.:— Every girl and boy ought to be taught to swim. Special pains have been taken to provide the scholars with all the modern appliances for exercise and out-door sports, such as swinging, rope jumping, etc., in which they exhibit all the zest and skill of their fair-skinned cousins in this and other climes. With them, however, as with other juveniles, each sport has its day and then goes out of fashion, and to the skill of the teachers is left to provide new ones. The girls are all taught to sing, and special attention is given to this branch of instruction, which requires early training to develop it properly. Most of them sing any of the tunes in the two native tune books, and also many of the more modern hymns and songs composed by the poets of Hawaii.-Honolulu paper. 3. INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYMENT OF GIRLS IN FRANCE. At the suggestion of the Empress Eugenie the Government has bas decided that a certain number of girls educated at the Im tion is about 25 per cent. of the whole, and on the Continent the proportion fluctuates, in the different countries, between 30 and 40 per cent.-Hamilton Spectator. £30,000. Payments are also made to the Duke of Cambridge, his mother and sisters. Besides having over two million dollars a year herself, Queen Victoria further has the interest on the money which Prince Albert had at the time of his decease. The members of the government are handsomely paid. The Pre2. CURIOSITIES OF FRENCH STATE STATISTICS. mier's salary is $25,000 a year-and five Secretaries of State, (Home, The Exposé de la Situation de l'Empire contains some curious Colonial, Foreign, War and India), respectively receive the same. cyphers. The French empire has the advantage of possessing no So does the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Irish Viceroy has The first less than 446,000 municipal councillors, which number actually ex- $100,000, and the Irish Secretary $27,500 a year. ceeds that of the army, and 37,860 mayors. There are 1,637 newsLord of the Admiralty has $22,000 a year; the Lord Chanpapers, which are thus classified: In Paris there there are 63 soi-cellor $50,000; the Irish Lord Chancellor, $40,000; the Attorneydisant political newspapers; the provinces, 267. In Paris 703 nonGeneral about $50,000; the Solicitor General, $25,000; the Lord political journals appeared daily and weekly; and 604 in different Advocate of Scotland, $30,000; the Irish-Attorney General, $30,country towns. The Exposé congratulates the country on the 000. When a change of ministers takes place, about seventy perdiminution of crime in Paris. The returns of the colportage prove sons, all holding high office have to retire-and the gross amount of all that of 1,542 works published during the past year but 82 were their salaries is $850,000 a year. All the working staff remain stopped at the Censeur. The importation of foreign works has no-in office for life, their salaries gradually rising, and after thirty years tably increased. In 1864, 210,000 kilogrammes weight were brought service, each man may retire on a pension equal to his full salary at into France, whereas last year 250,000 kilos, entered the country. the time. A clerk in the treasury in England commences with $400 a year, and cannot obtain the nomination until, in a strict competitive examination, he has shown himself to possess a certain quantity and variety of general information. When he retires, after thirty years' service, his income may be, and often is, between $10,000 and $12,000 a year. 3. STATISTICS OF FRENCH COLONIES. Very few probably are aware of the number of subjects which France has in her colonies. She has in Algeria 3,000,000; in Senegal and its dependencies, 113,000; in Reunion, 183,000; Mayotte and its dependencies, 35,000; Martinique, 136,000; Guadeloupe, 138,000; Guiana, 20,000; St. Pierre and Miquelon, 3,000; in her Fast Indian establishments, 225,000; Cochin China, 1,200,000; in French Oceanica, which includes New Caledonia, the Marquesas, and other places, 100,000; and in sundry establishments in Africa, 20,000; making a total of 5,173,000 individuals.-Willmer and Smith's European Times. 4. STATISTICS OF RAILWAYS IN FRANCE. The following is the actual state of railway communication in France as compiled from public documents :-From 1823 to the end of 1850, 2,190 miles of railway lines had beenconceded; thence, up to the end of 1869, 7,078 miles. From this period up to the end of 1864, 3,149 miles; or, in total, 12,417 miles definitely conceded up to the beginning of the present year. Adding to this 499 miles of lines decreed but yet not definitely conceded at the end of 1864, we have a total of 12.916 miles from 1823 to the end of 1864. Of this total length, 8,113 had been opened for traffic at the beginning of 1865, leaving 4,803 miles not yet constructed; seventy-three miles, however, from Guincamp to Brest have been added in April last, thus leaving only 4,730 miles to be constructed out of the number conceded up to 1st January, 1865.—Willmer and Smith's European Times, 5. THE FRENCH POST-OFFICE. The aunual report of the post-office department of France shows that during the past year 311,000,000 letters were written and deswatched whithin the limits of France. Of these 287,000, were franked; 275,000,000 newspapers passed through the post-office during the past twelve months. The value of goods forwarded through the post-office during that period amounted to above 33, 000,000f., to which, if one adds the money paid for the postage of of newspapers, the formidable sum of fifty odd millions is attained, that is, above £2,000,000 sterling. Correspondence has increased since the year 1851 at the rate of between 3,000,000f. and 4,000,000f per annum. In bonds, railway scrip and bank notes, no less than 775,824,000f. passed through the post-office, which brought in a return of 793,338f. to the treasury. To avoid paying the tax on lettres chargées, money is constantly forwarded by the post without the sender declaring the contents of his letter. If discovered, this breach of the laws which regulate post-office transactions is punished by a heavy fine. V. Papers on Literary Subjects. 1. ORIGIN OF THE "MARSEILLAISE" A correspondent of the London Daily News writes :-"I read in the papers that an action at law is pending in France, involving the question of whether Rouget de Lisle was the auther of this song. According to the account of M. de Lisle himself, he composed both the verses and the music; and if this statement was a misrepresentation, he must have been not only a literary impostor, but one of a remarkably fraudulent kind, because I believe it was principally, if not solely, owing to his being the supposed author of the song that he received a pension of fifteen hundred francs immediately after the revolution of 1830, from Louis Philippe. At that time, in September, I saw M. de Lisle at his own house, at Choisy-leRoy, a village near Paris. He was then seventy years of age, a fresh-looking, affable old gentleman. I showed him a printed copy of the song, and he related to me minutely the circumstances under which it was produced, pointing out, however, in my copy, several words wherein, as he said, there were mistakes, that is, variations from his own composition. "The song, he told me was produced while he was on service as a captain of engineers in the French army, and he composed it at Strasburg, in the month of April, 1792, during the night following the declaration of war with Austria and Prussia. 'Le Chante de l'Armee du Rhin' was the title given to it by the author; but a daily publication, edited at the time by M. de Lisle and other young officers of the army of the Rhine, conveyed the animating effusion throughout the south of France. The Marseillaise were just then at the capital chanting these verses. marching upon Paris; they read it on their way; and they arrived Hence the name given by the Parisians, 'L' Hymne de Marseillaise. The forty battalions of naBrunswick and Prussians in Campagne on the 28th of September, tional volunteers, formed at Paris in fifteen days, beat the duke of 1792, and routed them again in a few days after at Jemappe. These his orders General d'Orleans, since King Louis Philippe ; and they volunteers were commanded by General Dumourier, having under marched up to each engagement with the enemy singing, Allons, enfants de la patrie, &c. 1792 to 1804, when the first Bonaparte, having made himself Empe"The Marseillaise' was always the song of the French army from ror, and doubting the benefit to himself of such a hymn, caused other songs to come forth which were better calculated to make soldiers admire emperors. Twice subsequently, in 1830 and 1848, the same chant has performed its revolutionary office, and received its quietus of suppression. M. de Lisle was the author of a whole volume of lyric poetry which was published along with a good deal of music of his, I think in 1830. His account of the 'Marseillaise,' as he told it to me, was this: His brother officers, knowing him to have some the occasion before mentioned, that he must write a song. It was, too, required to be forthcoming without delay, and it was, as M. de Lisle said, the result of one night's meditation, the martial muse being aided only by the fiddle. Going to bed with the injunction of his comrades, he joined them at breakfast time playing his air and singing his song. Some of the errors mentioned are these: 'Les maitres nos destinees,' should be Les moteurs,' &c. Dans tes ennemis expirans vois' should be Que tes ennemis expirans voient. 6. ENGLISH OFFICIAL SALARIES AND ALLOWANCES. The Philadelphia Press thus refers to this subject. The Queen's annual allowance is $1,925,000, to which must be added $125,000 pretensions to the poetic as well as the musical faculty, said upon from the surplus revenue of the Duchy of Lancaster. Total, $2,150,000. She also has a variety of first-class palatial residences, such as Buckingham Palace, Kensington Palace, St. James' Palace, Kew and Windsor Castles-all of which are kept in repair, decorated, and frequently furnished, at the expense of the nation. Besides this, the Prince of Wales has Marlborough House to live in, and an allowance of $500,000 per annum. The annuity to the late King of the Belgians, was £50,000 a year, out of which he returned about There is a seventh stanza frequently added, beginning, Nous entrerons dans la carriere;' but this is not De Lisle's, and belongs, I think, to another song. M. de Lamartine gives, if I remember rightly, a somewhat different account of the Marseillaise,' but he does not question the authorship being that of De Lisle. I believe that Sir Walter Scott: has somewhere a speculation that the air is borrowed, and of a date much older than the Marseillaise volunteers. As to another song, Sir Walter leaves a record to which recent turns of fortune lend a greater moral interest' than he could have anticipated. In 'Paul's Letters to his Kinsfolk,' speaking of the field of Waterloo, he says: A relique of greater moral interest was given to me by a lady, whose father had found it upon the field of battle. It is a manuscript collection of French songs, bearing the stains of clay and blood, which probably indicate the fate of the proprietor. One or two of these romances I thought pretty, and have since had an opportunity of having them translated into English by meeting at Paris with one of our Scottish men of rhyme.' Hereupon Sir Walter produces a translation entitled Romance of Dunois,' of that same 'Partant pour la Syrie,' which is now the French national music of an Emperor, Napoleon the Third !” 2. DIES IRÆ. The number of recent translations from the Latin and Greek show how generally is the revival of our appreciation of classic literature. In England, peers and commoners, statesmen and divines, have lately taken to translating the ancient poets and writers, and in America the same taste seems to manifest itself. Among these are no less than seven different versions of the celebrated Dies Irae hitherto attempted with so little success. But the best we have yet seen appears in a late number of the Journal of Commerce, and is the translation of Edward Slossons, a well-known member of the New York bar, and a gentleman of fine literary attainments. We give it entire : DAY OF WRATH OF DAYS THAT DAY! What swift terrors then shall fall, Hark! the trump, with wondrous tone Death shall die-fair nature too, Lo! He takes His seat of life; King Majestic! Sovereign dread! Holy Jesus! princeless stay! Oh! avenging Judge severe, Like a guilty thing I mean, Hope, too, thou hast breathed in me. Worthless are my vows, I know, From the goats my lot divide, 3. BOOKS IN OLDEN TIMES. Albert Abot, of Gem Before the art of printing, books were so scarce that ambasadors were sent from France to Rome to beg one copy of Cicero's works, and another of Quint lian's, because a complete copy of these works was not to be found in the whole of France. bours, with incredible labour and expense, collected a library of indeed. In 1494 the library of the Bishop of Winchester contained one hundred and fifty volumes, and this was considered a wonder parts of seventeen books on various subjects; and, on borrowing a Bible from the Convent of Swithin, he had given a heavy bond, drawn up book was purchased it was an affair of such consequence that perwith great solemnity, to return it uninjured. When a sons of distinction were called together as witnesses. Previously to the year 1300, the library of the University of Oxford consisted of a few tracts, which were carefully locked up in a small chest, or else chained, lest they should escape; and at the commencement of the thirteenth century the Royal library of France contained only four classics, with a few devotional works. 4. EVERYBODY'S WORDS WHERE FAMILAR QUOTATIONS COME FROM 'There is death in the pot,' is from the Bible, 2 Kings, iv. 40. 'Lovely and pleasant in their lives, and in death they were not divided,' is spoken of Saul and Jonathan, 2 Samuel, i. 23. A man after his own heart,' 1 Samuel, xiii. 12. The apple of his eye,' Deut. xix. 21. A still small voice,' 1 Kings, xix. 12. Escaped with the skin of my teeth,' Job, xix. 20. That mine adversary had written a book,' Job, xxi. 35. 'Spreading himself like a green bay tree,' Psalm xxxvii. 2. 'Hung our harps upon the willow,' Psalm cxxxvii. 2. Riches certainly make (not take, as it is often quoted) themselves wings,' Proverbs, xxiii. 5. Heap coals of fire upon his head,' Ibid, xxv. 22. 'No new things under the sun,' Ecclesiastes, i. 9. Of making many books there is no end,' Ibid, xii. 12. Peace peace, when there is no peace (made famous by Patrick Henry) Jeremiah, viii. 11. My name is legion,' Mark, v. 9. To kick against the pricks,' Acts, ix. 5. 'Make a virtue of necessity,' Shakespeare's Two Gentlemen of Verona. 'All that glitters is not Gold,' usually quoted, 'All is not gold that glitters,' Merchant of Venice. 'Screw your courage to the sticking place,' (not point) Macbeth. 'Make assurance doubly sure,' Ibid. Hang out your banners on the outward walls,' Ibid. Keep the word of promise to our (not the) ear, but break it to our hope' Ibid. 'It's an ill wind turns no good,' usually quoted, 'It's an ill wind blows nobody good,' Thomas Tasser, 1580. Christmas comes but once a year,' Ibid. 'Look ere you leap,' Hudibras, commonly quoted, 'Look before you leap. "Out of mind as soon as out of sight,' usually quoted, 'Out of sight, out of mind,' Lord Brooke. 'What though the field is lost, all is not lost,' Milton. Awake, arise, or be forever fallen,' Ibid. Necessity, the tyrant's plea,' Ibid. 'The old man eloquent,' Ibid. 'Peace hath her victories,' Ibid. "Though this may be play to you, 'tis death to us,' Roger L'Estrange. 'All cry and no wool' (not little wool), Hudibras. 'Count their chickens ere (not before) they are hatched,' Ibid. Thro' thick and thin,' Dryden. When Greeks joined Greeks, then was the tug of war,' usually quoted, 'When Greek meets Greek then comes the tug of war,' Nathaniel Lee, 1692. Of two evils I have chosen the least,' Prior. 'Richard is himself again,' Colley Cibber. 'Classic ground,' Addison. 'A good hater,' Johnson. My name is Norval,' John Home, 1808. 'Ask me no questions and I'll tell you no fibs,' Goldsmith. 'Not much the worse for wear' (not none the worse), Cowper. 'What will Mrs. Grundy say? Thomas Morton. 'No extracts relating to the unjust practice of wholesale denunciation of pent up Utica contracts our power,' Jonathan Sewell. our public men :-" And here, if you will permit, I would say 'Hath given hostages to fortune,' Bacon. His (God's) image cut word on behalf of another class of persons who necessarily form the in ebony.' 'Wise and masterly inactivity,' Mackintosh, 1791, subject of discussion in the press of the country. I mean the pubthough generally attributed to John Randolph. First in war, first lic men of the province. Keeping in view always the statement in peace, and first in the hearts of his fellow-citizens,' (not country- with which I started - that to the press belongs the guidance of the men) resolutions presented to the House of Representatives, De- public sentiment and the formation of the public character of the cember, 1799, prepared by Gen. Henry Lee. 'Millions for defence people-no more important topic-looking to the good government but not one cent for tribute,' Charles C. Pickney. The almighty of the country-can possibly engage our attention. I am well dollar,' Washington Irving. As good as a play,' King Charles, aware that the subject is one of great difficulty and delicacy, espewhen in parliament, attending the discussion of Lord Ross' divorce cially on an occasion like the present, when politics are very probill. Selling a bargain.' is in Love's Labor Lost. Fast and loose,' perly excluded from our discussions. But perhaps the very fact Ibid. 'Pumping a man,' Otway's Venice Preserved. 'Go snacks, that they are so excluded, that we are bound for the nonce to forPope's prologue to satire. 'In the wrong box,' Fox's Book of Mar-get, or at least to ignore, the particular political opinions which we tyrs. To lam,' in the sense of beat, King and no King, by Beau- | hold, may render the occasion all the more fitting one for the conmont and Fletcher. The hackneyed newspaper Latin quotation, sideration of the subject to which I desire to draw your attention. Tempora_mutantur in illis,' is not found in any classic or Latin It is simply this: that irrespective of politics altogether, the Press, author. The nearest approach to it is Omnia mutantur,' etc., and if it would consult the public interests should fairly and honourably this is found in Borbonius, a German writer of the middle ages. recognise the claims which the public men of the country have upon 'Smelling of the lamp,' is to be found in Plutarch, and is there its considerate and fair treatment. The imputation of motives attributed to Pythias. A little bird told me,' comes from Ecclesi- which are not patent, the exciting of suspicions against the characastes, x. 20 For a bird of the air shall carry the voice, and that ter of public men, when no open and unquestioned ground of sus. which has wings will tell the matter.' picion exists, is fast demoralising the public opinion of the people, and most likely the very effect of that deinoralization will be to render public men themselves indifferent to the criticism or censystem of party government and a party press, the temptation to sure of the press or the public. I am well aware that under our attack political opponents, and to attribute to them motives which are the mere creation of suspicion, is a very great one. But the object to be gained by a different course of public discussion, is sufficiently important to induce us to resist this temptation. Rely upon it that no more valuable heir loom can be transmitted to the future generations of this country than the honour of its public men. Their political opinions, their public or official acts, their party alliances, are all subjects for discussion, but their honour, irrespective of all these, should be dear to every true-hearted Canadian. Let public men be convinced that they are treated by the 'There's a good time coming,' is an expression used by Sir. Wal-press of the country in this spirit, and they will esteem the mainteter Scott in Rob Roy, and has doubtless for a long time been a fa-nance of an unsullied honour as above all things precious, and that Eripuit cælo fulmen sceptrumque ty- will be most certainly promoted. Nothing tends so much to beget miliar saying in Scotland. very purity of public administration which we all so much desire, rannis,' was a line upon Franklin, written by Turget, the minister of Louis XVI. It is, however, merely a modification of a line by be attacked whether observed or not. And therefore in the intean indifference to personal honour, as the conviction that it will Cardinal Polignac. Ripurtque Jovi fulmen, I hæboque sagittus,' which in turn was taken from a line of Marcus Maulius who says of rest of the country itself, as well as in behalf of the public men of the country, I deem it right to urge this view upon you. Epicurus, Eripur tque Jovi fulmen viresque Tonanti' "He that fights and runs away, May live to fight another day" These lines, generally attributed to Hudibras, are really much older. They are to be found in a book published in 1556. The same idea is, however, expressed in a couplet published in 1542 while one of the two fragments in Menander, the Greek writer, that have been preserved, embodies the sane idea in a single line. The couplet in Hudibras is, "For those who fly may fight again. 'Hell is paved with good intentions,' tho' found in Johnston and Herbert, was obviously in their day a proverbial expression. Wal ter Scott ascribes it to some 'stern old divine.' Vox populi vox Dei.' The origin of this familiar phrase is not known, but it is quoted as a proverb by William Malmesbury, who lived in the early part of the twelfth century. 'Ultimo ratio regum.' This motto was engraved on the French cannon by order of Louis XIV. "Whistling girls and crowing hens Always come to some bad ends." In one of the curious Chinese books recently translated and published in Paris, this proverb occurs in substantially the same words. It is an injunction of the Chinese priesthood, and a carefully observed household custom to kill immediately every hen that crows, as a preventive against the misfortune that the circumstance is supposed to indicate. The contrary course has been too often indulged in by the press of all parties. It has arisen from what I cannot but feel is a misapprehension of the duties of a party press under a system of party government. The position of mere personal service, which is popularly recognized nnder the idea of organship-is degrading both to the public men and to the Press of any party. It is the parent of that system of personal politics to which the country was rapidly descending, if indeed it had not already descended; that system which mistakes the individuals who happen to be leaders of a party for the principles which should form its guiding star. Party, to be of any value in a country, should be the representative of a distinct principle and the party press, to occupy its true position should be the guardian and exponent of these principles. It should stand between the people on the one side and the leaders on the other, demanding from the former a fair and generous consideration towards the latter, and from the latter an honest adherence to the party convictions of the former. It should cultivate a spirit of personal confidence between the people and the leaders During the Mexican war, one newspaper hurriedly announced an Important item of news from Mexico, "that Gen. Pillow, and of the people of whatever party-teaching the former that a fair thirty-seven of his men, had been lost in a bottle." Some other consideration is due to the latter, and the latter that that considerapaper informed the public, not long ago, "that a man in a brown tion and confidence will be continued only so long as by an honest surtout was yesterday brought before the police-court on a charge and houourable career, it continues to be deserved. 5. PRINTER'S MISTAKES. of having stolen a small or from a lady's work-bag. The stolen "LEISURE HOUR." 6. PUBLIC MEN AND THE PRESS OF THE PROVINCE. From an admirable address by Thomas White, Esq., President of the Press Association of Upper Canada, we make the following| VI. Miscellaneous. 1. FATHER, TAKE MY HAND. The day goes fast, my Father! and the night The path is rough, my Father! Many a thorn The throng is great, my Father! Many a doubt Thy child! Majesty has addressed to me, it will ever be regarded as evidence of the kindly feeling of the Queen of the United Kingdom towards a citizen of the United States." 3. GEORGE PEABODY-THE RECORD OF A NOBLE LIFE. The New York Evening Post gives the following brief biography of the far-famed London banker, George Peabody; born in Danvers, Massachusetts, on Feburary 18, 1795, he had at first a struggle with poverty, like most of our very rich men. Beginning his commercial career as a clerk with a Danvers grocer, at the age of 11; afterwards employed in the same capacity at Thetford, Vermont, and Newburyport, Massachusetts: he gradullay but slowly improved his condition, until in 1814, he became managing partner in a wholesale dry goods house, with Mr. Elisha Riggs, at Georgetown, D. C., the latter furnishing the capital. The next year the house was removed to Baltimore. It prospered, and in 1822 branch houses were established in New York and Philadelphia. In 1822 by the retirement of Mr. Riggs, Mr. Peabody became the senior partner in the house, and in 1837 he took up his permanent residence in England, having previously visited that country on private business, as well as to transact important negotiations entrusted to him by the State of Maryland. In 1843 Mr. Peabody withdrew from the dry goods business, and established himself in London as a merchant and banker, his house soon becoming the headquarters of Americans in London, and the centre of American news and intelligence. His first large gift, sent in 1852 to his native town of Danvers, was a check for $20,000, to be expended for the founding of a town library and institute. This handsome gift was afterwards increased to $60,000, besides an additional $10,000 for a branch library at North Danvers. He also contributed $10,000 to the first Grinnell expedition to the Arctic ocean, and in 1856-7 gave $300,000 to found a Scientific and Literary Institute at Baltimore, with a pledge to increase this sum to $500,000. His largest and most notable donations, however, have been to the poor of the city where most of his fortune has been made. They amount in all to £450,000 sterling- a gift so magnificent as to have lately received the special acknowledgement of Queen Victoria, in a letter which we publish. This unprecedented donation was not the display of an ostentatious and exceptional liberality, but was so much in harmony with Mr. Peabody's known generosity of character as to deserve the universal commendation it received. Mr. Peabody, although now past 70 years of age, has, we trust, yet before him many years of vigorous life and usefulness. He has already accomplished a life work with which he may be well satisfied, especially as he has acted as his own executor in the bestowments of his charities. 2. THE QUEEN AND MR. PEABODY. The following letter has been written by the Queen to Mr. Peabody: "Windsor Castle, March 28, 1866-The Queen hears that Mr. Peabody intends shortly to return to America, and she would be sorry that he should leave England without being assured by herself how deeply she appreciates the noble act of more than princely munificence by which he has sought to relieve the wants of the poorer classes of her subjects residing in London. It is an act, as the Queen believes, wholly without parallel, and which will carry its best reward in the consciousness of having contributed so largely to the assistance of those who can little help themselves. The Queen would not however, have been satisfied without giving Mr. Peabody some public mark of her sense of his munificence, and she would gladly have conferred upon him either a Baronetcy or the Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, but that she understands Mr. Peabody to feel himself debarred from accepting such distinctions. It only remains, therefore, for the Queen to give Mr. Peabody this assurance of her personal feelings, which she would fur- a ther wish to mark by asking him to accept a miniature portrait of herself, which she will desire to have painted for him, and which, when finished, can either be sent to him to America, or given to him on his return, which, she rejoices to hear, he meditates to the country that owes him so much." Mr. Peabody has sent the following reply to the Queen's letter, through Earl Russell, dated April 30:"MADAM,-I feel sensibly my inability to express in adequate terms the gratification with which I have read the letter which your Majesty has done me the high honor of transmitting by the hands of Earl Russell on the occasion which has attracted your Majesty's attention of setting apart a portion of my property to ameliorate the condition and augment the comforts of the poor of London. I have been actuated by a deep sense of gratitude to God who has blessed me with prosperity, and of attachment to this great country, where, under your Majesty's benign rule, I have received so much personal kindness and enjoyed so many years of happiness. 4. THE EMPRESS EUGENIE AND AN ARTIST'S WIDOW. A poor artist died the other day in Paris. A few sketches, some water-color drawings, an unfinished picture, were the sole provision left for his widow and children. Susse's, the well known artist's shop on the Place de la Bourse, had often been his resource for the sale of his pictures. Thither the widow repaired. She showed the contents of a portfolio. Susse (says a correspondent) suggested private sale, as likely to be more remunerative than the chance his window offered of attracting attention, and advised application to be made to the families in which the deceased artist had given lessons. "I possess several letters," replied the widow, "from those whom my late husband instructed, among others a note from a Spanish countess on her quitting Paris, in which the youthful writer promises at any time when her master required assistance to do all for him that lay in her power." "Where is the young countess ?" "In Paris, but she is now married." "If I dared," added she, as she handed Susse a note, the folds of which were almost worn through, and which bore unmistakable traces of having been often read. Susse glanced at the few lines it contained, and asked the widow to trust it to him for a few days. The Empress, on recognizing her own writing, gave orders that a liberal pension should be granted to the widow and children of the teacher under whom she had studied as Countess de Teba. 5. AN ANECDOTE OF THE EMPRESS EUGENIE. "Next to the approval of my own conscience, I shall always prize A Paris letter in the Augsburg Gazette gives the following the assurance which your letter conveys to me of the approbation anecdote: "While with the Emperor on an excursion in the mounof the Queen of England whose whole life has attested that her ex-tains, near Biarritz, the Empress perceived a man crippled from the alted station has in no degree diminished her sympathy with the paralysis sitting in the sun before his cottage. While Napoleon humblest of her subjects. III. was questioning the sufferer as to his infirmity, and promising assistance, the Empress observed a child four years old, who appeared to be suffering also. This was the only child of the poor man, and she was suffering from dysentery. The Empress asked, with "The portrait which your Majesty is graciously pleased to bestow on me I shall value as the most precious heir loom that I can leave in the land of my birth, where, together with the letter which your |