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vessels or scows; whilst in Newburyport Harbor the channel was obstructed by numerous sunken ledges, crib-work piers, and wrecks, seriously endangering navigation.

The amount expended for the improvement of this river up to the 30th of June, 1881, was $149,027.47, and the work done for its improvement consisted in opening the channel above Haverhill and through The Falls" to the projected width and depth, in places where absolutely necessary to make its navigation practicable; also in dredging at Haverhill between the bridges, and at Silsby's Island Shoals, as well as at Currier's Shoal (about 4 miles below Haverhill), and at Rock's Bridge and the head of Silsby's Island; also in Newburyport Harbor in the removal of Gangway Rock, and in the partial removal of North Rocks, and in the removal from the channel of several sunken wrecks and piers.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882, the sum of $5,618.74 has been expended in the improvement of this river, near its mouth, in New buryport Harbor, by the removal of South Gangway Rock" and of "North Rocks Spur," and the partial removal of South Badger Ledge "; also in a survey of the river from Lawrence, Mass., up to Manchester, N. H. (a distance of about 50 miles), with a view to making it navigable. The amount available July 1, 1882 (to wit, $3,353.79), together with the appropriation of $9,000 made by the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882, it is proposed to apply to the completion of the removal of South Badger Ledge and North Rocks, in Newburyport Harbor, and to improving the channel at Rock's Bridge, below Haverhill, and at "The Falls," above Haverhill.

The amount of $9,000, required for completing the improvement it is proposed to apply to the removal of the ledge known as "The Boilers," in Newburyport Harbor, to a depth of 5 feet at mean low-water.

July 1, 1881, amount available..

July 1, 1882, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1881...

July 1, 1882, outstanding liabilities..

July 1, 1882, amount available....

Amount appropriated by act passed Angust 2, 1882.

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1883................

$8,972 53

$5,561 54

57 20

5,618 74

3,353 79

9,000 00

12,353 79

9,000 00

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project........... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1884. (See Appendix A 17.)

9,000 00

18. Boston Harbor, Massachusetts.-In 1866 a project was adopted for the improvement of this harbor, which has since been executed and modified as the interests of the harbor demanded. The objects of the improvement have been and are―

1. The preservation and protection by permanent sea-walls of all the principal headlands, which were being rapidly worn away by tides and storms, not only to the serious detriment of the channel, but also to that of navigation in the loss of guide-marks for sailing directions.

2. Widening, straightening, and deepening the main ship-channel by dredging and the removal of dangerous sunken rocks, so as to have a channel of not less than 600 feet in width and 23 feet in depth at mean low-water, and the removal of the sunken rocks and shoals in other parts of the harbor and in Broad Sound.

3. Widening and deepening the channel in Hingham Harbor by dredg

ing and removing sunken ledges to a width of not less than 100 feet and a depth of 8 feet at mean low-water, in the shoalest part of which there was not more than 3 to 5 feet of water at mean low-water.

4. Opening a channel at the mouth of Mystic River, in the upper harbor, to a width of 400 feet and a depth of 23 feet at mean low-water, in the shoalest part of which there was before not more than 16 feet at mean low-water.

5. Opening a navigable channel from the mouth of Charles River, in the upper harbor, up to the head of tide-water at Watertown.

6. Improving the channel leading from the harbor to Nantasket Beach, so as to have for a width of not less than 100 feet a depth of 9 feet at mean low-water.

The total amount expended to June 30, 1881, on the projects executed since 1866 was $1,475,762.78 (including outstanding liabilities July 1, 1881), by which the following work has been done:

Sea-walls built at Point Allerton, Great Brewster Island, Lovell's Island (north and southeast heads), Gallop's Island, and Long Island (north head), and those on Deer Island repaired.

Sunken rocks broken up and removed, including Kelly's Rock and all the known ledges near it, Tower Rock, Corwin Rock, the ledges recently discovered at the west end of Great Brewster Spit and between there and George's Island, all in the main ship-channel at the "Narrows," to a depth of 23 feet at mean low-water; also to the same depth the sunken ledges and bowlders recently discovered in the main ship-channel at the Upper Middle; also Barrel Rock, in Broad Sound, and State and Palmyra Rocks, at the Lower Middle.

Dredging in the main ship-channel at the west end of Great Brewster Spit, at the southeast and southwest points of Lovell's Island and "Cape Cod Shoal," at the Upper Middle, Lower Middle, and Man of War Shoals; some progress made in the projected dredging at Anchorage and Mystic River Shoals; and the improvement in Hingham Harbor and at Nash's Rock Shoal completed.

The locations of all these improvements are shown on the sketch of Boston Harbor which accompanied the Annual Report of 1880.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882, the sum of $61,574.59 (including outstanding liabilities) has been expended for the improvement of this harbor, whereby the channel at Anchorage Shoal has been opened for an additional width of 350 feet, making a total width of 1,000 feet for a depth of 23 feet at mean low-water; and the channel in Mystic River for an additional average width of about 125 feet, making its total average width about 375 feet for a depth of 23 feet at mean low-water, and the channel in Charles River has been completed from its mouth up to Western Avenue Bridge (a distance of about 43 miles) to a depth of not less than 7 feet at mean low-water, or about 17 feet at mean high-water, for a width of 200 feet, and a commencement made in the channel above Western Avenue Bridge; and the channel leading from Boston Harbor up to Nantasket Beach wharves has been completed to a depth of 9 feet at mean low-water for an aggregate width of not less than 100 feet, and a sunken ledge removed from this channel; repairs have also been made, where most necessary, on the sea-walls on Long Island, Deer Island, and Lovell's Island.

The sum of $96,500, appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1883, is proposed to be applied to the completion of the improvement of the channel of Charles River up to Watertown, and of the Nantasket Beach Channel, as well as all the work now contemplated for the improvement of Boston Harbor, with the exception of the rubble-stone

aprons and jetties projected for the protection and preservation of the shores on Lovell's and Gallop's Islands; the estimated cost of which is $30,000. The officer in charge asks an appropriation for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1884.

July 1, 1881, amount available...

July 1, 1882, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1881.

July 1, 1882, outstanding liabilities

July 1, 1882, amount available....

Amount appropriated by act passed August 2, 1882.

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1883 ...

$130, 237 22

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30,000 00

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project

Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1884. (See Appendix A 18.)

30,000 00

19. Scituate Harbor, Massachusetts.-The project for the improvement of this harbor was adopted in 1880, the object being to make a harbor of refuge for vessels caught in easterly storms off this coast when unable to find shelter elsewhere. The project consists of—

1. Building of two breakwaters out from the projecting points at the entrance to this harbor; that from Cedar Point, on the north side, for a length of 800 feet, and that from the "First Cliffs," on the south side, for a length of 730 feet, to be located so as to protect the harbor from all winds from the eastward; and

2. Dredging the harbor inside the break waters, as well as the channel leading up to it, to depths varying from 10 to 15 feet at mean lowwater, the mean rise and fall of the tides being about 9 feet. The estimated cost of this improvement is as follows, viz:

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The following appropriations have been made by Congress for the improvement of this harbor, viz:

By the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880
By the river and harbor act of March 3, 1881.
By the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882.

Total............

$7,500

10,000

10,000

27,500

Under the appropriations made by the river and harbor acts of 1880 and 1881, aggregating $17,500, a contract was made in May, 1881, for 10,000 tons of rubble-stone to be placed in the northern breakwater, which contract was completed on the 28th of June, 1882.

The appropriation made by the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882, it is proposed to apply to the extension and enlargement of the northern jetty.

The officer in charge asks that $72,500 be appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1884, for the completion of the two break waters. July 1, 1881, amount available.

July 1, 1882, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1881...

July 1, 1882, amount available....

Amount appropriated by act passed August 2, 1882

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1883.

$17, 279, 94

17,076 40

203 54 10,000 00

10, 203 54

262,500 00

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1884.. 72,500 00 (See Appendix A 19.)

20. Plymouth Harbor, Massachusetts.-The present project for the improvement of this harbor was adopted in 1866 and modified in 1875 and 1882, the object being

1. The protection and preservation of Long Beach, upon the exist ence of which the harbor depends for its only shelter from easterly storms; and

2. Opening a channel 100 feet in width and of not less than 6 feet in depth at mean low-water (or 16 feet at mean high-water) from the Middle Ground up to Long Wharf, and thence to near the mouth of Town Brook, not less than 150 feet in width, with a depth of 8 feet at mean low-water. The natural channel was very narrow and crooked, with not more than half a foot in depth at mean low-water in its shoalest part.

The total amount expended from 1866 to the 30th of June, 1881, on the project being executed was $69,880.30, and resulted in the comple tion of the works projected for the protection and preservation of Long Beach, with the exception of the stone bulkhead at its outer extremity, and a channel 100 feet in width from the Middle Ground up to Long Wharf, and the commencement of the 8-foot channel in front of the wharves.

The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882, including outstanding liabilities, is $14,830.03, which has resulted in the completion of the main channel leading from the Middle Ground up to the wharves of Plymouth to its full width of 100 feet, and in the completion of the 8-foot channel in front of the wharves, and in repairing works on Long Beach.

The only work that now remains to be done for the preservation and improvement of this harbor consists of the completion of the stone bulkhead near the outer extremity of Long Beach, the estimated cost of which is $14,000, for which an appropriation has been made by the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882.

The officer in charge asks that $1,000 be appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1884, for such repairs as may be required on the several works built for the protection and preservation of Long Beach. July 1, 1881, amount available....

July 1, 1882, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1881.

$14,919 70

14, 830 03

July 1, 1882, amount available....

Amount appropriated by act passed August 2, 1882.

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1883..

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1884.
(See Appendix A 20.)

89 67 14,000 00

14,089 67

1,000 00 1,000 00

21. Provincetown Harbor, Massachusetts.-The present project for the improvement of this harbor was adopted in 1866, the object being the protection and preservation of Long Point and Beach Point and the beach at Cove Section, and closing the side channels at the head of Lancey's Harbor and at East Harbor Creek (at the Wading Place), near High Head.

The amount expended to June 30, 1881, on the project being executed was $101,581.35, and resulted in the completion of all the bulkhead,

jetties, and dikes projected for the above localities, with the exception of the stone bulkhead on Long Point. All those works are generally in excellent condition and have fully answered the purpose for which they were designed.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882, the sum of $3,430.72 has been expended in raising and strengthening the stone bulkhead on Long Point where most necessary.

The sum of $5,000, appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1883, together with the amount available July 1, 1882, is to be applied to the extension of the stone bulkhead on Long Point.

The additional $1,000 asked for, for the year ending June 30, 1884, it is proposed to apply, if appropriated, to the necessary repairs of the works hitherto built.

July 1, 1881, amount available..

July 1, 1882, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of

outstanding liabilities July 1, 1881..

July 1, 1882, outstanding liabilities

July 1, 1882, amount available.....

Amount appropriated by act passed August 2, 1882

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1883................

$4,987 09

$3.178 72

252 02

3,430 74

1,556 35

5, 000 00

6,556 35

1,000 00

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1884. (See Appendix A 21.)

EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS FOR IMPROVEMENT.

1,000 00

To comply with provisions of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1881, Colonel Thom was charged with, and has completed, the following, which were transmitted to Congress and printed in Senate Ex. Doc. No. 45, Forty-Seventh Congress, first session:

1. Harbor of Brunswick, on the Androscroggin River, Maine. (See Appendix A 22.)

2. To deepen the channel of Harrisecket River from Weston's Point to Freeport Landing, in Freeport, Me. (See Appendix A 23.)

3. Merrimac River from Lawrence, Mass., to Manchester, N. H. (See Appendix A 24.)

4. Lynn Harbor, Massachusetts. (See Appendix A 25.)

IMPROVEMENT OF HARBORS AND RIVERS ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF MASSACHUSETTS AND IN RHODE ISLAND-IMPROVEMENT OF

CONNECTICUT RIVER.

Officer in charge, Lieut. Col. G. K. Warren, Corps of Engineers. 1. Hyannis Harbor, Massachusetts.. This harbor is on the northern shore of Nantucket Sound, and is sheltered by a breakwater 1,170 feet long. It has a depth of from 9 to 20 feet at mean low-water and an area of about 175 acres. The mean rise and fall of the tide is about 3.8 feet. It is accessible to vessels drawing 16 feet at time of mean low-water. The breakwater was built in 1828-1837, at a cost of $70,931.82. In 1853 the sum of $5,000 was spent in repairs. Although the breakwater has sustained injuries, it has always afforded effective shelter.

In 1870 repairs were again made on it, and between that time and June 30, 1880, $42,500 have been expended in building up the foundation of the work and in removing a wreck.

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