STATISTICAL VIEW OF THE
UNITED STATES
ITS TERRITORY, POPULATION--WHITE, FREE COLORED, AND
SLAVE--MORAL AND SOCIAL CONDITION, INDUSTRY,
ROPERTY, AND REVENUE; THE DETAILED
STATISTICS OF CITIES, TOWNS AND
COUNTIES;
COMPENDIUM OF THE SEVENTH CENSUS
THE RESULTS OF EVERY PREVIOUS CENSUS, BEGINNING WITH 1790,
IN COMPARATIVE TABLES, WITH EXPLANATORY AND
ILLUSTRATIVE NOTES, BASED UPON THE SCHEDULES
AND OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES OF
INFORMATION
SUPERINTENDENT OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS
Does
REF
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IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Resolved, That there be printed, for the use of the House of Representatives, by the Public
Printer of the House, one hundred thousand copies of a compendium of the Seventh Census,
to be arranged by the Superintendent of the Census, embracing the population by towns and
counties; the ratio tables of population; tables of nativities, births, marriages and deaths;
of the deaf, dumb, blind, insane and idiotic; of schools and colleges; of aggregates of occu-
pations; of churches; of newspapers and libraries, and of agricultural products, with illus-
trative notes and comparative tables: Provided, The said compendium shall be printed in
royal octavo form, and not exceed four hundred pages.
Volume 15
ISBN: 0-88354-415-6
LC#: 06036734
NORMAN ROSS PUBLISHING INC.
330 West 58th Street
New York, N.Y. 10019
Manufactured in the United States of America
CENSUS OFFICE, Washington, Sept. 1, 1854.
TO THE HON. R. MCCLELLAND,
Secretary of the Interior
In the volume which is now handed you-though restricted in size by the order of Congress-will be found a very full compendium of the Census Statistics of the United States from the earliest period, together with all of the tables embraced in the quarto publication of 1850, with the few exceptions noted below. To these have been added a large amount of information collected for the first time from the returns and from other official sources, with illustrative notes and ratio and comparative tables.
In lieu of the classification of ages by counties and their subdivisions, the births, marriages and deaths, the church. and school statistics by counties, and the occupations by States, I have inserted as of wider interest, county tables in the following particulars-of popuIation, white, free colored and slave, native and foreign, male and female, in 1850, with the aggregate in 1840, and the changes of county organization within that time; of college, private school and public school scholars, with the revenues appropriated to each; the total educational income; the illiterate; the number of persons within the school age, and the actual average of scholars in the year; of the number of farms; and the capital, product and amount of labor in manufactures, mining and the mechanic arts. The occupations and the number of births, marriages and deaths are given in States and in great sections of the Union, and the specific ages and nativities in all the leading cities.
The tables embraced in the volume have been examined and revised, involving in most cases a re-examination of the returns, during which care was taken to exhaust, by way of illustration, for certain cities, counties, or States, every source of information embodied in them. This would have been done for the whole Union had time and the means at my disposition admitted. As it was, however, the time and labor actually expended will, I trust, be amply repaid in the results. Never before has so large a part of the census material, collected by such expensive machinery, been made available by the government, for popular use, in compact and systematic form.
The statistics of manufactures and of mortality, which alone remain of the census, will be ready for publication by the meeting of Congress, and can be included if desired in a volume of the size of the present. For other suggestions in relation to the experiences of this office and the history of the census system of the United States, I beg to refer you in particular to the Introductory Chapter.
ACADEMIES-Statistics of, and other schools, 142;
annual income of, 142; number of scholars in, 142.
AGES-White, per cent. of, to total population, 51;
comparative inale and female, 55; difference of
white male and female, 57; average of whites, free
colored and slave, 103; preponderance in favor of
certain ages accounted for, 104.
AGRICULTURE-Ratio of, in the States in 1850, 170;
productions of, in States and Territories in 1840-'50,
170 to 174; live stock of, in States and Territories in
1840-'50, 170; products of, in the United States ag-
gregated for 1840-250, 174; ratio of farm land to area,
and crops to population in the several sections of the
United States, 1850-'40, 175; value of products of,
in the United States, 1850, 176. (See Crops.)
ARKANSAS-Average mortality of, in 1850, 106; live
stock and agricultural products of, 1840-50, 170-174;
statistics of counties in detail, 194.
ALABAMA-Live stock and agricultural products of,
1840 and '50, 170-174; county statistics in detail, 194.
AREA-Of North America, 31; of each slope, and
ratio to total United States, 33; proportion of slave-
holding to non-slaveholding States, 36; ratio of farm
land to whole area in the several sections of the
United States 1850-'40, 175.
ASSESSMENTS-Of property in States and cities,
AUSTRIA-Number of churches in, and proportion
of sects, 137; school system of, 147.
BASINS Of the Old World, compared with those
drained into the Gulf of Mexico, 33.
BALTIMORE-Total number of deaths in 1850, 108.
BELGIUM-Proportion of deaf and dumb in, 111.
BIRTHIS-Difficulty of ascertaining, 57; male and fe-
male, proportion of each in various countries, 101;
proportion of, in Massachusetts, 104; proportion of,
in Great Britain, France, Russia, &c. 104; propor-
tion of, in the United States, 104; white and free
colored and ratio to total population, 1850, 111; na-
tive and foreign in Boston, 122; native and foreign
in the U. States compared 122; table of, in England
and Wales, 107.
BLIND-Ages of, in 10 States, 59; number of in U.
States in 1830, 40 and '50, 60; aggregate by census
of 1850, 111; proportions of, in Prussia, France,
&c., 111; ratio of white and colored to total white
and colored, 113; of slave population, 93; (see free
colored.)
BOSTON-Number of families and dwellings in, 100;
marriages and births in, of native and foreign, 122.
BRITISH CENSUS SYSTEM, 21.
BUREAU OF STATISTICS-Proposed, 18; system
in Europe, 20.
CALIFORNIA-Proportion of families to dwellings
in, 100; estimate of population 122; live stock and
agricultural products of 1840 and 250, 170-174; coun-
ty statistics of, 200; State census, 394.
CANADA-Emigrants to, and route taken, 125.
CARLISLE TABLE-A useful reference, 120; prin-
ciple of calculation, 119.
CENSUS—Its advantages and accuracy, 10; United
States system from 1790 to 1850, 11; schedules and
history of, 1850, 12-13; schedules which were pro-
posed in Congress, 14; future proposed schedules,
15-17; defects in the enumeration system of, 17; in
the office organization, 18; system of Europe, 20;
of the several States and Cities of the Union, 23–28;
cost of each, since 1790 and rate of compensation,
29; machinery of census office, 29; compendium of
census of 1850, 30; California State of, 1852, 394.
CENSUS-British as compared with American, 61.
CHARITIES-In Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New
Jersey, Georgia and South Carolina, 161; private
expended in Charleston, 161; amount of, from be-
nevolent private sources, 162; amount of, expended
in various cities, 162; amount expended in England,
Wales, &c., 162; statistics of Order of I. O. O. Fel-
lows, 163.
CHARITY HOSPITAL, N. O.-Reports for twelve
years, 110.
CHARLESTON, S. C.-Slave importations in 1804;
'05, '06 and '07, 83; total number of deaths in 1850,
108; ages of persons dying in 1850, 108.
CHURCHES Buildings used as, in the United
States, 132; accommodations of in United States,
136; number of by comparison of sects to population,
136; accommodation of to square mile, 137; per cent.
of accommodation to population in Great Britain,
137; number of in Prussia and proportion of sects,
137; number in Switzerland and Austria, 137;
denominations of, condensed from annual publica-
tions in the United States, 137; value and ac-
commodation of, to the area of the United States,
138; ratio of accommodations and values, 139;
value and accommodation of, for the several great
sections, 139; preponderance of denominations of,
in various sections, 140; property and value of, in
several large cities, 140; ratio of leading seets
to whole church accommodations, 140; number
of regular clergymen in the United States, 132;
property of, amount in the United States, 132-134';
religious denominations, 133; property of, comparison
by sects, 136; what are considered minor sects, 132.
CITY CENSUS AND STATISTICS, 29.
CITIES, TOWNS, &c.-American and foreign, com-
parative distances, 35; in the United States, 339;
ages of population 395-399; nativity of city popula-
tion 395-399; comparative population of largest,
192; comparative population of others-1840 and
'50, 193.
COLLEGES-Number of scholars in, 142; annual in-
come of, 141; number of theological, medical and
law, 145.
COLUMBIA, DISTRICT OF-170-174; statistics of
in detail, 200.
CONNECTICUT-Proportion of families to dwellings
in, 100; live stock and agricultural products of,
1840 and '50, 170-174; county statistics of, 206.
CONVICTS-Number of, in penitentiaries in several
States, 1850, 165; white and free colored, ages and
nativities of, 165; proportion of, in jails, houses
of correction, &c., to total population, 167; clas
sified by sex and color in States named for 1840,
167; proportion of white to whole white population,
167; proportion of colored to whole colored popula-
tion, 167; description of, in France, 1852, 168.
COMMERCE-Estimated home and foreign of United
States in 1850, 183; estimated western river, 183; of
principal colonies prior to the revolution 1700-976,
184; of United States, 1789-1854, 185; Imports of
principal States, froin 1821 to 1853, 186; Exports of
principal commercial States from 1791 to 1854, 187;
imports of leading articles into the United States
from 1821 to 1853, 187; Exports of certain leading
articles from the U. States, 1821-1853, 188; of the
United States with several foreign nations, 1790 to
1853, 188; ratio of, to population of United States,
1790-1853, 188; of lakes in 1852, 191.
COMPENDIUM OF THE CENSUS-Its plan, 30.
CORRECTION-Persons in houses of, classified, 165.
COTTON--Average prices of, in various years, 191.
COUNTIES-Statistics of all the counties in United
States, 194-338.
CRIME -Materials of the census respecting, 165;
amount of, in England, Wales and Ireland, 168.
CRIMINALS-Statistics of, 165; whole number of,
convicted within the year, 165; number in prison,
June 1, 1850, 165.
CROPS Ratio of, to population, 175; proportion of
certain to each person, 1850, in the geographical di-
visions, 175; land cultivated in the several, of United
States, 1849-50, 176; actual, per acre on the average
as returned by the marshals, 1849-50, 178.
DEAF AND DUMB-Ages in 1830 and '40, 59 ; num-
ber in United States in 1830, 40 and '50, 60; aggre-
gate by the census of 1850, 111; ratio of white and
colored to total white and colored, 113; of slave
population, 93; (see free colored,) proportion of, in
Belgium, G. Britain, Italy and Europe generally, 111.
DEATHS-Difficulty of ascertaining, 58; ratio of, to
100 families, 99; total of, in each State and ratio to
population, 105; annual proportion to whole popula-
tion in certain European countries, 107; proportion
to 100 persons by Dr. Simonds and Dr. Barton, 110;
white and free colored and ratio to total population
in 1850, 111; proportion of native to foreign and re-
marks thereon, 121; table of, in England and Wales,
107; number of, in Philadelphia and Baltimore in
1850, 108; ages of persons dving in 1850, 400.
DEBT-Of each State in the United States, 190.
DELAWARE-Live stock and agricultural products
of 1840 and '50, 170-174; county statistics of in de-
tail, 210.
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