On LibertyTicknor and Fields, 1863 - 223ÆäÀÌÁö From the Introduction In his Autobiography, Mill predicts that the essay On Liberty is "likely to survive longer than anything else that I have written." He goes on to say that the essay is the expression of a "single truth: " "the importance, to man and society, of a large variety of types of character, and of giving full freedom to human nature to expand itself in innumerable and conflicting directions." In the essay itself, Mill defines his subject as "the nature and limits of the power which can be legitimately exercised by society over the individual." He defends the absolute freedom of individuals to engage in conduct not harmful to others, and the near-absolute freedom to express and discuss opinions of all kinds. Mill's essay survives, as he had predicted, because his powerful message is still widely rejected by the powerful, and by those who continue to seek power over the lives of others. |
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... its means of tyran- nizing are not restricted to the acts which it may do by the hands of its political function- aries . Society can and does execute its own * mandates and if it issues wrong mandates : instead of INTRODUCTORY . 13.
... its means of tyran- nizing are not restricted to the acts which it may do by the hands of its political function- aries . Society can and does execute its own * mandates and if it issues wrong mandates : instead of INTRODUCTORY . 13.
14 ÆäÀÌÁö
John Stuart Mill. mandates and if it issues wrong mandates : instead of right , or any mandates at all in things with which it ought not to meddie , it practises a social tyranny more formidable than many kinds of political oppression ...
John Stuart Mill. mandates and if it issues wrong mandates : instead of right , or any mandates at all in things with which it ought not to meddie , it practises a social tyranny more formidable than many kinds of political oppression ...
22 ÆäÀÌÁö
... wrong as the other ; the interference of gov- ernment is , with about equal frequency , im- properly invoked and improperly condemned . The object of this Essay is to assert one very simple principle , as entitled to govern absolutely ...
... wrong as the other ; the interference of gov- ernment is , with about equal frequency , im- properly invoked and improperly condemned . The object of this Essay is to assert one very simple principle , as entitled to govern absolutely ...
28 ÆäÀÌÁö
... wrong . Thirdly , from this liberty of each individual , follows the liberty , within the same limits , of combination among individuals ; freedom to unite , for any purpose not involving harm to others : the persons com- bining being ...
... wrong . Thirdly , from this liberty of each individual , follows the liberty , within the same limits , of combination among individuals ; freedom to unite , for any purpose not involving harm to others : the persons com- bining being ...
34 ÆäÀÌÁö
... wrong , it is not of the nature of assassination , but of civil war . As such , I hold that the instigation to it , in a specific case , may be a proper subject of punishment , but only if an overt act has followed , and at least a ...
... wrong , it is not of the nature of assassination , but of civil war . As such , I hold that the instigation to it , in a specific case , may be a proper subject of punishment , but only if an overt act has followed , and at least a ...
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23 ÆäÀÌÁö - ... the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community against his will is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant. He cannot rightfully be compelled to do or forbear because it will be better for him to do so, because it will make him happier, because in the opinions of others to do so would be wise or even right.
35 ÆäÀÌÁö - If all mankind minus one, were of one opinion, and only one person were of the contrary opinion, mankind would be no more justified in silencing that one person, than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind.
28 ÆäÀÌÁö - Secondly, the principle requires liberty of tastes and pursuits ; of framing the plan of our life to suit our own character ; of doing as we like, subject to such consequences as may follow : without impediment from our fellow-creatures, so long as what we do does not harm them, even though. they should think our conduct foolish, perverse, or wrong.
222 ÆäÀÌÁö - ... a State which dwarfs its men, in order that they may be more docile instruments in its hands even for beneficial purposes— will find...
13 ÆäÀÌÁö - ... desire to oppress a part of their number; and precautions are as much needed against this as against any other abuse of power. The limitation, therefore, of the power of government over individuals loses none of its importance when the holders of power are regularly accountable to the community, that is, to the strongest party therein.
41 ÆäÀÌÁö - ... the source of everything respectable in man either as an intellectual or as a moral being, namely, that his errors are corrigible. He is capable of rectifying his mistakes by discussion and experience. Not by experience alone. There must be discussion to show how experience is to be interpreted. Wrong opinions and practices gradually yield to fact and argument; but facts and arguments, to produce any effect on the mind, must be brought before it. Very few facts are able to tell their own story...
27 ÆäÀÌÁö - But there is a sphere of action in which society, as distinguished from the individual, has, if any, only an indirect interest; comprehending all that portion of a person's life and conduct which affects only himself, or, if it also affects others, only with their free, voluntary, and undeceived consent and participation.
121 ÆäÀÌÁö - In proportion to the development of his individuality, each person becomes more valuable to himself, and is therefore capable of being more valuable to others.
102 ÆäÀÌÁö - Thirdly, even if the received opinion be not only true, but the whole truth; unless it is suffered to be, and actually is, vigorously and earnestly contested, it will, by most of those who receive it, be held in the manner of a prejudice, with little comprehension or feeling of its rational grounds.
22 ÆäÀÌÁö - The object of this Essay is to assert one very simple principle, as entitled to govern absolutely the dealings of society with the individual in the way of compulsion and control, whether the means used be physical force in the form of legal penalties, or the moral coercion of public opinion.