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exceed the sum of thirty dollars, and the decision of the county judge shall be final; but no portion of such account shall be so ordered to be paid which shall appear to such judge to have arisen from the willful neglect or misconduct of the claimant. The account with the oath of the party claiming the same shall be prima facie evidence of the correctness thereof. The county judge may adjourn the hearing from time to time, as justice shall seem to require.

§ 8. It shall be the duty of the trustees of any school district, within thirty days after service of a copy of such order upon them, or upon the district clerk, and notice thereof to them, or any two of them, to cause the same to be entered at length in the book of record of said district, and to raise the amount thereby directed to be paid, by a tax upon the district, to be by them assessed and levied in the same manner as a tax voted by the district.

ARTICLE II.

CHANGES IN TEXT-BOOKS.

9. The boards of education, or such bodies as perform the functions of such boards in the several cities, villages and union free school districts of this state, shall have power and it shall be their duty to adopt and designate text-books to be used in the schools under their charge in their respective districts. In the common school districts in the state the text-books to be used in the schools therein shall be designated at any annual school meeting by a two-thirds vote of all the legal voters present and voting at such school meeting.

10. When a text-book shall have been adopted for use in any of the public or common schools in this state, as provided in the ninth section of this title, it shall not be lawful to supersede the text-book so adopted by any other book within a period of five years from the time of such adoption, except upon a three-fourths vote of the board of education, or of such body as performs the function of such board, where such board has made the designation, or upon a three-fourths vote of the legal voters present and voting at the annual school meeting in any common school district.

§ 11. Any person or persons violating any of the provisions of this act shall be liable to a penalty of not less than fifty dollars

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nor more than one hundred dollars for every such violation, to be sued for by any taxpayer of the school district, and recovered before any justice of the peace, said fine, when collected, to be paid to the collector or treasurer for the benefit of said school district.

ARTICLE III.

CARE OF CODE OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION.

12. The trustee or trustees of each school district are hereby made the custodians of the code of public instruction belonging to such school district, and shall deliver the same to their successor or successors in office. And in case such copy of said code shall have been lost or destroyed through or by means of the fault or negligence of the trustee or trustees, the trustees so permitting the same to be lost or destroyed shall, at their own expense, procure a copy of the latest edition of the code of public instruction and deliver the same to their successor or successors in office in lieu of the copy so lost or destroyed.

§ 13. Every trustee who fails to comply with the provisions of the foregoing section shall forfeit the sum of twenty-five dollars. This penalty shall be sued for by the supervisor of the town and shall be used in the purchase of books for the school library.

ARTICLE IV.

CONTRACTS BETWEEN SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND BOARDS OF EDUCATION IN CITIES.

§ 14. Whenever any school district, by a vote of a majority of the qualified voters present and voting thereon, shall empower the trustees thereof, the said trustees shall enter into a written contract with the trustees or board of education consenting thereto, or any other district, village or city, whereby all the children of such district may be entitled to be taught in the public schools of such city, village or school district for a period of not less than one hundred and sixty days in any school year, upon filing a copy of such contract, duly certified by the trustees of each of such school districts, or by the secretary of the board of education of such city or village in the office of the state superintendent of public instruction. Such school district shall be deemed to have employed a competent teacher for such period, and shall be entitled

Contracts with Teachers.

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to receive one distributive district quota each year, during which such contract shall be continued. (As amended by chap. 264 of 1896, § 18; chap. 294 of 1897.)

15. The board of education of any city or village, and the trustees of any school district so contracting with any other school district, shall report the number of persons of school age in such district, together with those resident in said city, village or school district, the same as though they were actual residents thereof, and shall report for the pupils attending such schools from such adjoining districts to the superintendent of public instruction, the same as though they were residents of such city, village or school district. (As amended by chap. 264 of 1896, § 18, § 19; chap. 294 of 1897.)

§ 16. It shall be the duty of the superintendent of public instruction to give to school commissioners such directions as may, in his judgment, be required and proper in relation to the reports to be made by the trustees of such districts to school commissioners.

ARTICLE V.

MEMORANDUM OF CONTRACTS WITH TEACHERS.

17. All officers or boards of officers who shall employ any teacher to teach in any of the public schools of this state shall, at the time of such employment, make and deliver to such teacher, or cause to be made and delivered, a contract in writing, signed by said officer, or by the members of said board, or by some person duly authorized by said board, to represent them in the premises, in which the detail of the agreement between the parties, and particularly the length of the term of employment, the amount of compensation and the time or times when such compensation shall be due and payable shall be clearly and definitely set forth. But nothing herein contained shall be deemed to abridge or otherwise affect the term of employment of any teacher now or hereafter employed in the public schools, nor to repeal or affect any provision of special laws concerning the employment or removal of teachers now in force in any particular locality. (As amended by chap. 264 of 1896, § 20.)

18. The pay of any teacher employed in the public schools of this state shall be due and payable at least as often as at the end of each calendar month of the term of employment.

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Title XV, Article VI.

ARTICLE VI.

PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

19. The nature of alcoholic drinks and other narcotics and their effects on the human system shall be taught in connection with the various divisions of physiology and hygiene, as thor oughly as are other branches in all schools under state control, or supported wholly or in part by public money of the state, and also in all schools connected with reformatory institutions. All pupils in the above-mentioned schools below the second year of the high school and above the third year of school work computing from the beginning of the lowest primary, not kindergarten, year, or in corresponding classes of ungraded schools, shall be taught and shall study this subject every year with suitable text-books in the hands of all pupils, for not less than three lessons a week for ten or more weeks, or the equivalent of the same in each year, and must pass satisfactory tests in this as in other studies before promotion to the next succeeding year's work; except that, where there are nine or more school years below the high school, the study may be omitted in all years above the eighth year and below the high school, by such pupils as have passed the required tests of the eighth year. In all schools above-mentioned, all pupils in the lowest three primary, not kindergarten, school years or in corresponding classes in ungraded schools shall each year be instructed in this subject orally for not less than two lessons a week for ten weeks, or the equivalent of the same in each year, by teachers using text-books adapted for such oral instructions as a guide and standard, and such pupils must pass such tests in this as may be required in other studies before promotion to the next succeeding year's work. Nothing in this act shall be construed as prohibiting or requiring the teaching of this subject in kindergarten schools. The local school authorities shall provide needed facilities and definite time and place for this branch in the regular courses of study. The text-books in the pupils' hands shall be graded to the capacities of fourth year, intermediate, grammar and high school pupils, or to corresponding classes in ungraded schools. For students below high school grade such text-books shall give at least one-fifth their space, and for students for high school grade shall give not less than twenty pages to the nature and effects of alcoholic drinks and other narcotics. This subject

Physiology and Hygiene in the Public Schools.

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must be treated in the text-books in connection with the various divisions of physiology and hygiene, and pages on this subject in a separate chapter at the end of the books shall not be counted in determining the minimum. No text-book on physiology not conforming to this act shall be used in the public schools except so long as may be necessary to fulfil the conditions of any legal adoption existing at the time of the passage of this act. All regents' examinations in physiology and hygiene shall include a due proportion of questions on the nature of alcoholic drinks and other narcotics, and their effects on the human system. (As amended by chap. 1041 of 1895 and chap. 901 of 1896.)

20. In all normal schools, teachers' training classes and teachers' institutes, adequate time and attention shall be given to instruction in the best methods of teaching this branch, and no teacher shall be licensed who has not passed a satisfactory examination in the subject, and the best methods of teaching it. On satisfactory evidence that any teacher has wilfully refused to teach this subject, as provided in this act, the state superintendent of public instruction shall revoke the license of such teacher. No public money of the state shall be apportioned by the state superintendent of public instruction or paid for the benefit of any city until the superintendent of schools therein shall have filed with the treasurer or chamberlain of such city an affidavit, and with the state superintendent of public instruction a duplicate of such affidavit, that he has made thorough investigation as to the facts, and that to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, all the provisions of this act have been complied with in all the schools under his supervision in such city during the last preceding legal school year; nor shall any public money of the state be apportioned by the state superintendent of public instruction, or by school commissioners, or paid for the benefit of any school district, until the president of the board of trustees, or in the case of common school districts the trustee or some member of the board of trustees, shall have filed with the school commissioner having jurisdiction an affidavit that he has made thorough investigation as to the facts and that to the best of his knowledge, information, and belief, all the provisions of this act have been complied with in such district, which affidavit shall be included in the trustees' annual report, and it shall be the duty of every school commissioner to file with the state superintendent of public instruction an affidavit in connection with his annual re

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