infected as above, such bodies shall be incased in an air-tight zinc, tin, copper, or lead lined coffin or iron casket, all joints and seams hermetically soldered, and all inclosed in a strong, tight wooden box. Or the body, being prepared for shipment as above outlined, may be placed in a strong coffin or casket, and said coffin or casket incased in an air-tight zinc, copper, or tin case, all joints and seams hermetically soldered, and all incased in a strong outside wooden box.

RULE 3. The bodies of those dead of typhoid fever, puerperal fever, tuberculosis, measles, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, anterior poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis), may be received for transportation when prepared for shipment by filling cavities with an approved disinfectant, washing the exterior of the body with the same, stopping all orifices with absorbent cotton, and all incased in an air-tight coffin or casket: Provided, That this shall apply only to bodies which can reach their destination within 30 hours from the time of death. In case such body can not reach destination in 30 hours it shall be prepared for transportation in compliance with rule 2, but when the body has been prepared for shipment by being thoroughly disinfected by an embalmer holding a certificate as in rule 2, the air-tight sealing may be dispensed with.

RULE 4. The bodies of those dead of diseases for causes not stated in rules 2 and 3 may be received for transportation when encased in a sound coffin or casket and inclosed in a strong outside wooden box: Provided, They reach their destination within 30 hours from time of death. If the body can not reach its destination within 30 hours from time of death it must be prepared for shipment by arterial and cavity injection with an approved disinfectant fluid, washing the exterior of the body with the same, stopping all orifices with absorbent cotton, and incased in an air-tight coffin or casket. But when the body has been prepared for shipping by being thoroughly disinfected as in rule 2, the airtight sealing may be dispensed with.

RULE 5. In the shipment of bodies dead from any disease named in rule 2 the body must not be accompanied by persons or articles which have been exposed to the infection of the disease, unless certified by the health officer as having been properly disinfected; and before selling passage tickets agents shall carefully examine the transit permit and note the name of the passenger in charge and any others proposing to accompany the body and see that all necessary precautions have been taken to prevent the spread of disease. The transit permit in such cases shall specifically state who is authorized by the health authorities to accompany the remains. In all cases where bodies are forwarded under rule 2 notice must be sent by telegraph to the health officer at destination advising the date and train on which the body may be expected. This notice must be sent by the shipping undertaker to the health officer at the destination.

66

RULE 6. Every dead body must be accompanied by a person in charge, who must be provided with a passage ticket and also a full first-class ticket marked Corpse" for the transportation of the body, and a transit permit and a removal permit issued by the local registrar of the municipality or township in which the death occurred, giving the place of death, name of the deceased, age, sex, color, or race, date and hour of death, cause of death, including the name of the physician or coroner signing the death certificate, the point to which the body is to be transported, and when death is caused by any of the diseases specified in rule 2 the name of person authorized by the health officer to accompany the body; also the name of the undertaker shipping the body, over the signature of the local registrar and certificate of the shipping undertaker, stating that the body has been prepared strictly in accordance with the rule under which the shipment was made. The transit permit unfolded must

be tacked on the top of the outside box.

The removal permit shall be handed to the passenger in charge of the corpse. All outside boxes must be fitted with at least six handles, two on each side and one on each end.

RULE 7. When dead bodies are shipped by express the removal and transit permits shall be tacked unfolded upon the top of the outside box.

RULE 8. Disinterred bodies of persons who have died of any disease or cause shall be treated as infectious or dangerous to the public health and shall not be sent for transportation in or removal from this State unless said removal has been approved by the State health officer, and no such body shall be brought into Arkansas without the approval of the public health authorities having jurisdiction of the place where such body is disinterred, and no such bodies shall be transported, received, or buried in this State unless satisfactory evidence of compliance with the rules of this board respecting the same shall be submitted to the State health officer and his written consent obtained to such transportation, receipt, or burial. All such disinterred remains shall be inclosed in an hermetically soldered zinc, tin, or copper-lined box. But bodies deposited in receiving vaults shall not be treated the same as buried bodies when originally prepared by a licensed embalmer as defined in rule 2, provided the shipment takes place within 30 days from the time of death. The shipment of bodies prepared in the manner above directed by a licensed embalmer from receiving vaults may be made within 30 days from time of death without the necessity of obtaining permission from the health authorities of the locality to which the body is consigned. After 30 days the casket or coffin box containing said body must be inclosed in an hermetically soldered box.

Births and Deaths—Registration of. (Reg. Bd. of H., May 16, 1913.)

Under authority of sections 7 to 10,1 inclusive, of the act of February 25, 1913, which were published in the Public Health Reports for May 30, 1913, at page 1108, the State Board of Health of Arkansas, on May 16, 1913, adopted rules governing the registration of births and deaths. The act and the rules taken together provide for the standard system of registration which has been adopted in a number of States. (North Carolina, Public Health Reports, Oct. 24, 1913, pp. 2264-2274;2 New York, Public Health Reports, Dec. 19, 1913, pp. 2796–2805;3 Tennessee, Public Health Reports, Nov. 14, 1913, pp. 2444-2452.4)

The State health officer is made registrar of vital statistics, and he is given authority to appoint and remove local registrars.

The rules provide that the name of the putative father of an illegitimate child "shall not be entered [on the certificate of birth] without his consent, but the other particulars relating to the putative father may be entered if known, otherwise as 'unknown.'

The following question is added to the certificate of birth: "Were precautions taken against ophthalmia neonatorum? If none, state the reasons therefor."

1 Page 30.

2 Page 349.

3 Page 326.

4 Page 460.

CALIFORNIA.

Communicable Diseases, Investigation and Control of-Destruction of Rats, Insects, and other Vermin. (Chap. 422, Act June 7, 1913.)

SECTION 1. The sum of $100,000 is hereby appropriated, out of any moneys in the State treasury not otherwise appropriated, to be expended by the State board of health, under the direction of the governor, for the prevention of the introduction of Asiatic cholera, bubonic plague, smallpox, or other contagious or infectious disease into this State, and for their investigation and suppression in case of their origin or introduction. The claims for such expenditures must be audited by the board of control, except that when, in the opinion of the governor, an emergency arises which demands or necessitates the immediate use of money for the purposes herein provided, the controller must draw his warrant in the name of the governor without such audit, on account of the sum hereby appropriated, upon the order of the governor, in such sums from time to time, not exceeding $1,000 at any one time, as he may direct. In cases where sums are so drawn upon the order of the governor, without audit by the board of control, vouchers must be thereafter filed with the controller, showing the manner and the purposes for which such sums have been expended. Such portion of the sum provided by this section as may be deemed advisable by the State board of health and approved by the governor may be used in accordance with the provisions of this section and section 2, provided that all expenditures connected therewith shall be audited by the board of control and paid by the State treasurer upon warrants drawn by the controller in accordance with the provisions of this section.

SEC. 2. Whenever any land, place, building, structure, wharf, pier, dock, vessel, or water craft is infested with rodents, insects, or other vermin which are liable to convey or spread contagious or infectious disease from an existing focus declared by the State board of health, it shall be the duty of said board to at once notify the person, firm, copartnership, company, or corporation owning said land, place, building, structure, wharf, pier, dock, vessel, or water craft of the existence of said rodents, insects, or other vermin, and said notice shall direct said owner to proceed immediately to exterminate and destroy said rodents, insects, or other vermin and to continue in good faith such measures as may be necessary to prevent their return. In the event that said owner fails, refuses, or neglects to proceed as above provided within 10 days from date of receipt of said notice, the State board of health may at once proceed to exterminate and destroy said rodents, insects, or other vermin and take such measures as may be necessary to prevent their return, and the cost of the above measures shall be repaid to the State board of health by the board of supervisors or other governing body of the county, city and county, city or town wherein the work is done at its next meeting after the bill is presented, and the appropriation provided in section 1 of this act shall be reimbursed by the amount so paid, and may be again expended in a similar manner.

SEC. 3. Whenever a board of supervisors or other governing body of any county, city and county, city or town, shall have repaid the State board of health any sum as provided in section 2, the clerk of such board shall file in the office of the county recorder a notice of such payment, claiming a lien on such property for the amount of such payment. Any and all sums so paid by such county, city and county, city or town, shall be a lien on the property on which such rodents, insects, or other vermin shall have been exterminated and destroyed, and may be recovered in an action against such property, which action to foreclose such lien shall be brought within 90

days after such payment, and be prosecuted by the district, city, or town attorney in the name of such county, city and county, city or town, and for its benefit. When the property is sold, enough of the proceeds shall be paid into the treasury of such county, city and county, city or town, to satisfy such lien and the costs and overplus, if any there be, shall be paid to the owner of the property, if known, and if not known shall be paid into the court for the use of such owner when ascertained. When it appears from the complaint in such action that the property on which such lien is to be foreclosed is likely to be removed from the jurisdiction of the court, the court may appoint a receiver to take possession of the property and hold the same while the action may be pending or until the defendant shall execute and file a bond, with sufficient sureties, conditioned for the payment of any judgment that may be received against him in the action and all costs.

Plague Destruction of Rodents, Insects, and Other Vermin. (Res. Bd. of H., Aug. 20, 1913.)

Whereas there has been found within the territory comprised in the counties of Contra Costa, Alameda, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Monterey, San Benito, Merced, Stanislaus, and San Joaquin, of the State of California, a total of 1,843 ground squirrels (Citellus beecheyi) which have been proven by laboratory investigation to have been infected with a contagious and infectious disease, to wit, bubonic plague; and

Whereas an act of the Legislature of the State of California, approved June 7, 1913, provides: "Whenever any land, place, building, structure, wharf, pier, dock, vessel or water craft is infected with rodents, insects, or other vermin which are liable to convey or spread contagious or infectious disease from an existing focus declared by the State board of health, it shall be the duty of said board to at once notify the person, firm, copartnership, company or corporation, owning said land, place, building, structure, wharf, pier, dock, vessel, or water craft of the existence of said rodents, insects, or other vermin and said notice shall direct said owner to proceed immediately to exterminate and destroy said rodents, insects or other vermin, and to continue in good faith such measures as may be necessary to prevent their return. In the event that said owner fails, refuses, or neglects to proceed as above provided, within 10 days from date of receipt of said notice, the State board of health may at once proceed to exterminate and destroy said rodents, insects, or other vermin, and take such measures as may be necessary to prevent their return, and the cost of the above measures shall be repaid the State board of health by the board of supervisors or other governing body of the county, city and county, city, or town wherein the work is done at its next meeting after the bill is presented, and the appropriation provided in section 1 of this act shall be reimbursed by the amount so paid, and may be again expended in a similar manner:" Therefore, be it Resolved, That the territory comprised within the aforesaid counties is hereby declared to be an existing focus of contagious and infectious disease; and be it further Resolved, That the secretary of this board be directed to notify the supervisors of the above-named counties of the passage of this resolution, and of the intention of the State board of health to proceed in accordance with the provisions of the act of the State legislature, approved June 7, 1913.

Antirabic Virus-Distribution Free of Cost.

(Chap. 391, Act June 13, 1913.)

SECTION 1. The State board of health is hereby empowered and directed to purchase, or prepare, and distribute free of cost, under such regulations as may be necessary, antirabic virus to be used in the treatment of persons exposed to rabies when said persons shall declare that it would be a hardship for them to pay for antirabic treatment.

SEC. 2. The sum of $5,000 is hereby appropriated for the purposes of this act.

85213°-15-5

Rabies and Other Animal Diseases Dangerous to Human Beings-Quarantine— Investigation-Killing of Animals-Dog License Tax. (Chap. 369, Act June 13,

1913.)

SECTION 1. Whenever any case or cases of rabies, or other animal diseases dangerous to the health of human beings which may be declared by the State board of health as coming under the provisions of this act, shall be reported as existing in any county, city and county, or incorporated city or town in the State of California, the State board of health shall make, or cause to be made, a preliminary investigation as to whether such disease does exist, and as to the probable area of the State in which the population or animals are thereby endangered. If upon such examination the State board of health shall find that any of the said diseases does exist, a quarantine shall be declared against all such animals as may be designated in the quarantine order and living within the area specified in said order. Quarantine shall be defined for the purposes of this act as meaning the strict confinement, upon the private premises of the owners under restraint by leash or closed cage or paddock, of all animals specified by the order.

SEC. 2. Following the order of quarantine the State board of health shall make, or cause to be made, a thorough investigation as to the extent of the disease, the probable number of persons and animals exposed, and the area found to be involved, and may substitute for the quarantine order such regulations as may be deemed adequate for the control of the disease in each area.

SEC. 3. It shall be the duty of all peace officers and boards of health to carry out the provisions of this act. During the period for which any quarantine order is in force all officers are empowered to kill or, in their discretion, to capture and hold for further action by the State board of health or its representatives all animals in a quarantine area found on public highways, lands, and streets, or not held in restraint on private premises, as specified in this act.

SEC. 4. All proper officials within the meaning of this act are hereby authorized to examine and enter upon all private premises for the enforcement of this act.

SEC. 5. Any owner or other person in the possession of any animal then being held or maintained in violation of the provisions of this act shall be subject to arrest on the charge of committing a misdemeanor.

SEC. 6. For the purpose of providing funds to pay the expenses incurred in connection with the eradication of diseases included under this act a special fund, to be known as the rabies treatment and eradication fund, is hereby created for each county, city and county, or incorporated city or town in the State of California. All moneys collected in accordance with the following procedure shall be deposited to the credit of this fund with the treasurer of the county, city and county, or incorporated city or town: Provided, That funds now collected from any dog tax may continue to be collected and used for other purposes specified by local ordinances.

(a) Upon the determination by the State board of health that rabies does exist in any county, city and county, or incorporated city or town, a special dog license tax shall immediately become effective unless a dog tax is already in force the funds from which are available for the payment of expenditures in accordance with the provisions of this act. This tax shall be levied as follows: An annual tax of $1.50 for each male, $2.50 for each female, and $1.50 for each neuter dog, the same to be collected by the proper authority at the same time and in the same manner as other taxes are collected: Provided, however, That there shall be collected at the first collection such proportion of the annual tax as corresponds to the number of months the tax has been in operation plus one year advance payment. After this dog license tax has been established in a county, city and county, or incorporated city or town, it shall be continued in force until an order has been issued by the State board of health declaring that county, or such portion of that county as may be deemed advisable, to be free from rabies or further danger of its spread.