"Carruthers'll be going into the ministry soon," said a second voice. He can't stay here, that's dead certain.”

Most of them do, sooner or later." The tone of the third voice was calm and judicial, and came from far down in the chest of a very fat boy. The speaker made no effort to whisper, and Carruthers heard all he said. "I think that's what Carruthers is at present contemplating." A drawl always commands attention sooner than more nervous utterance, and all the rest were listening to what the fat boy was saying they snickered when he said "contemplating." It was a favorite word with Carruthers. "I heard him tell my mother when she came up here with that big birthday cake "-the adroit allusion to the birthday cake was faintly cheered; the fat boy had political ambitions" and he was trying to make himself interesting, so's he'd be invited to our house next vacation "-Carruthers put "The Gospel for an Age of Doubt "back on the shelf unopened, and began to pace up and down the room-" that he was engaged in teaching merely as a temporary avocation,' and that he didn't intend to demean himself by teaching small boys much longer.""

There was a peculiar irony in this last. How the boy had managed to remember so many words, almost as big as himself, Carruthers could not guess; he had used almost the very language of Carruthers in his monologue to Mrs. Munyon. But the special irony lay in the ascription to Carruthers of the use of the word "demean "in the improper sense. Although it was a word which the normal boy has no occasion to use, Carruthers had once in class spent an earnest quarter of an hour in calling on Mr. Hill's Rhetoric to witness that it is properly used only in an entirely impartial sense; that to demean one's self implies simply to cond' t one's self, and that there is in the word no evil connotation.

This was quite the last straw. Carruthers purposely knocked over the fire-irons to prove that he had not been near the door, and came out into the corridor. There was a sudden hush, and the group

divided to let him run the gantlet of its dubious respectfulness.

Carruthers walked rapidly through the group and out into the little bare quadrangle that lay between the dormitory and the head master's study. Though he always pretended indifference to it, nothing else in his pedagogical experience hurt him like being sent to Coventry by his youthful charges. He had come from the university the year before swelling with high ideals of standing toward the boys in something of the relation of an elder brother. He had thought it would be easy enough to win at once popularity and respect, if a man showed himself sufficiently large-hearted, was candid and aboveboard, scorning to descend to petty artifice. When he first came among them the boys had told him of a former master who had crept into their rooms after lights with felt slippers and a dark lantern; and he had thanked God he was not as that man. On the very first night he had stood under the gas-jet in the corridor and made a little speech to the heads protruding from between the alcove curtains. He would not "peach" or sneak; he proposed to trust implicitly to their standards of honor, and would believe what they told him against the evidence of his own senses. He wanted them to feel at all times free to come to him, knowing that with him secrets were safe. They must be sure that he was hand in glove with them in their every interest, and that he would do all he could to help them uphold the fair name of the school, whose reputation was as dear to him as to them. He had called them "fellows," and they had cheered him when he ended.

In response to a busy man's "Come in!" Carruthers turned the wabbly handle of the head master's study door and entered. The head master, a tall, pale man, frayed thin by petty worriment, looked up quizzically from behind a white drift of

Aerial Runaway (An): The Balloon Adven

tures of Rod and Todd in North and South America. By William P. and Charles P. Chipman. Illustrated. The Lothrop Publishing Co., Boston. 5x7 in. 386 pages. $1.50.

A cleverly constructed story of the Jules Verne order. The plot takes the runaway balloon to the lost city of the Incas, and at once adventures galore ensue.

Arline Valère. By Joseph Hallworth. Illustrated. L. C. Page & Co., Boston. 5x8 in. 161 pages. $1.50.

Children's Singing Games Old and New. Revised and Compiled by Mari Ruef Hofer. Published by the Author. 12x9 in. 40 pages. 50c. Death of the Gods. By Dmitri Mérejkowski. Translated by Herbert French. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York. 5×71⁄2 in. 414 pages. $1.50.

In another paragraph we speak of the newly translated Russian novel by Maxim Gorky. In the present book we have the work of another Russian aspirant to fame. Dmitri Mérejkowski is at the literary antipodes from Gorky in personal history, subject treated, and manner of writing. He writes smoothly where the other is rugged, deals with antiquity while Gorky plunges into the midst of Russian contemporary life, and has a philosophic idealism as a basis, while his rival is nothing if not realistic. "The Death of the Gods" is the first of a trilogy of romances, the purpose of which is thus explained by the translator : His books are animated by a single master-idea-the Pagano-Christian dualism of our human nature. What specially interests him in the vast spectacle of human affairs is the everlasting contest between the idea of a God-Man and the idea of a Man-God; that is to say, between the conception of a God incarnate for a while (as in Christ) and the conception of Man as himself Godgradually evolving higher types of splendid and ruling character which draw after them the generations. The novelist's own doctrine seems to be that both the pagan and the Christian elements in our nature, although distinct elements, are equally legitimate and sacred. His teaching is that the soul and the senses have an equal right to be respected; that hedonism and altruism are equals, and that the really full man, the perfect man, is he who can ally in harmonious equilibrium the cult of Dionysus and the cult of Christ. Mérejkowski conceives that European civilization has been born of the tremendous conflict between these two main ideas.

This rather formidable explanation should not deter non-metaphysical persons from reading the book, for in it they will find a brilliant and often dramatic narrative, with incident and character in abundance. The leading figure is Julian the Apostate, and the leading theme is vain attempt to turn the tide of Christianity back into the worn-out channels of Greek paganism. Thus there is a similar ity between the general subject of the book and that of Kingsley's "Hypatia," and certain scenes and aspects of the story may also suggest a comparison with "Quo Vadis." The novel is certainly not one for hasty reading,

nor should it be taken up to while away an idle hour on the railway; but those who look for serious intention and thorough work in fiction will find here a book worthy of careful attention. The translation is notably good, so far as may be judged by a reader who can consider only the effect in English style.

Illustrated.

Forma Gordyeeff. By Maxim Gorky. Translated from the Russian by Isabel Florence Hapgood. Charles Scribner's Sons, New ork. 5x7 in. 448 pages. $1. This is a novel of Russian life by the young writer who has attained an immense popularity in Russia and has even been hailed by some critics as a successor to Tolstoï. The personal career of Gorky has been unusual and remarkable. He began his life's work as an orphan apprentice to a shoemaker, and has been in turn a cook's boy on ship, a laborer, a peddler, a railway watchman, a secretary, and an author. We shall speak at some length at a later date both about the author and the book; we need only say now that this novel shows marked, even extraordinary, Power, but is disfigured by single scenes of a disagreeably realistic and repellent kind, while its main motif-the study of a man bound down by coarse and brutal inherited traits, but dumbly striving to find out what life means and why injustice and inequality prevail-is finely conceived but not always clearly and strongly worked out. The story, as a piece of story-telling, lacks proportion and skill in construction; its strength lies in the portraits of typical Russian characters of the mercantile and peasant classes.

Holy Bible (The): Containing the Old and New Testaments Translated out of the Original Tongues. Being the Version Set Forth A.D. 1611, Compared with the Most Ancient Authorities and Revised A.D. 1881-1885. Newly Edited by the American Revision Committee, A.D. 1901. Standard Edition. Thomas Nelson & Sons, New York. 7x9 in. 1,304 pages. Editions are published at prices from $1.50 to $9.

With the publication of this long-desired volume the gratuitous labor of nearly thirty years reaches its ripe result., That the standard edition of the revision of the English Bible, initiated by the Church of England in 1870, has been produced by American scholars will naturally be gratifying to all our countrymen. Soon after the publication of the Revised Version in 1885 the British Revision companies disbanded. The American Revisers continued their organization, thinking that an American recension of the work might some time be required. The judgment of scholars in both countries has since been given in general preference of the American readings and renderings that differed from the British and had been recorded in the Appendix to each Testament. It became, therefore, desirable to put forth an edition embodying these in the

text. Such an edition, professing to be the American version, was published in England two or three years ago, and, as such, has been somewhat circulated in this country. But the present volume has many marked differences from that. The Appendix itself has received extensive amendment. It had been prepared in haste, under the pressure of an impatient demand from England for immediate publication. Furthermore, with a view to facilitating its ultimate acceptance by the English Presses, it had been reduced to the lowest limits, omitting many points that seemed to have some importance. To correct the errors and supplement the defects cccasioned thus has required much time and labor. A variety of other changes has also been made; many of them by return to the readings of the Authorized Version, many others for euphemism, still others for the sake of English idiom, and others in paragraph division and punctuation, with others not needful to specify here. Among changes that strike the eye are the addition of references to parallel and illustrative Biblical passages, and of page-headings indicating the nature of the subject matter. Other such changes occur in the title-page of the New Testament, and in the titles of some of its books. The unity of the fourfold Gospel is expressed by using "Gospel" as a title prefixed to the four severally designated as according to Matthew," etc. The title-page of the Testament reads thus: "The New Covenant [in smaller type] commonly called The New Testament [in larger type] of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ." The inherent signification and primitive use of the terms "Gospel" and "Testament" are thus exhibited. While the American Revisers have used full freedom from their former auxiliary relation to their British brethren, they have maintained the connection between their own edition and its predecessor by placing in an Appendix to each Testament the British readings and renderings that differ from the American. They have now the satisfaction of saying with entire truth: "The present volume, it is believed, will, on the one hand, bring a plain reader more closely into contact with the exact thought of the sacred writers than any version now current in Christendom, and, on the other hand, prove itself especially serviceable to students of the Word." One can hardly doubt that they will have the further satisfaction of realizing that so great a service is justly appreciated in the American churches.

How They Succeeded: Life Stories of Success

ful Men Told by Themselves. By Orison Swett Marden. Illustrated. The Lothrop Publishing Co., Boston. 5x7 in. 365 pages. $1.50. This book is made up from sketches of the work of eminent men and women. These sketches have appeared in the magazine Success," and are now compiled in book

form.

Pauline. By Pansy (Mrs. G. R. Alden). Illus

trated. The Lothrop Publishing Co., Boston. 5×71 in. 365 pages. $1.50.

Mrs. Alden has in this story portrayed the complications that may arise out of false in formation and too hasty action on a proud

woman's part. The story has a moral purpose. It depicts the experiences of a young woman who left her husband on their wedding day-believing him false because of misinformation supplied by another woman-and the trials she surmounted before she discovered the truth and was again restored to him. Rabbi's Impressions of the Oberammergau Passion Play (A). Being a Series of Six Lectures by Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf, D.D. Edward Stern & Co., Philadelphia. 54×8 in. 226 pages. Dr. Krauskopf thinks that nothing tends more than the Passion Play to root and to spread an anti-Jewish prejudice. He holds that the Jews were guiltless of Jesus' death; that Jesus had rashly committed treason against Cæsar by his regal entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday, and to secure his followers from vengeance had surrendered himself to punishment; that the story of the antipathy of scribes and Pharisees to Jesus, and of its murderous issue, was fabricated a century or two after the crucifixion, to make it more easy to propagate his religion among the Gentiles. This theory is sufficiently ingenious, but documentary evidence lends it no favor. So far from its being true that no one, so long as the Apostles lived, could have inculpated the Jews with their Master's murder, Paul directly charges them with it (1 Thessalonians ii., 15), though a man of tender patriotic feeling (Romans ix., 2, 3). One must, however, agree with Dr. Krauskopf that it is unlike the spirit of Christ to keep on re-enacting atrocious scenes the natural tendency of which is to perpetuate unchristian prejudices.

Secrets of the Woods. By William J. Long. (Wood Folk Series. Book III.) Illustrated. Ginn & Co., Boston. 42x71⁄2 in. 185 pages. A charming little book for young readers. One of those simply told nature studies dealing with squirrels, wood-mice, familiar birds, and other animals, which reveal on every page the author's familiarity with the life he discloses. Mr. Long hints that the reason why people see so little in the woods is due to the way they go through them. His book suggests the true way, and shows that woodland folk are quite as curious about man as man is about them.

Tales of the Cloister. By Elizabeth G. Jordan. Illustrated. Harper & Bros., New York. 5x8 in. 253 pages. $1.15, net.

Miss Jordan has here touched a phase of life about which most people know nothing--the cloistered existence of the present-day American nun. The subject is, no doubt, a difficult one to handle, especially where the author halts from giving full play to imagination. Miss Jordan's work suggests this sort of restraint. It is careful and delicately etched, yet leaves much to be inferred. The ten short stories are sketches rather than stories proper, pen portraits rather than dramatic episodes. They reveal much sympathy and still deeper respect for the life depicted; yet the sympathy is imbued with a quality of humor such as might be brought to bear upon a study of the unconscious action of children-humor which a woman of worldly experience may naturally throw around the lives of women too simple and circumscribed in their self-immola

tion to know how much of their old selves still lurks behind crucifix and cowl. Herself a pupil inmate of a convent for years, and holding a lifelong friendship with nuns-to one of whom she dedicates her book-we can easily appreciate the restraint which seems at times to hold the author's hand.

Tolstoy and His Problems. Essays by Aylmer Maude. A. Wessels Co., New York. 5x8 in. 332 pages. $1.50.

This book contains an explanatory preface, a very readable sketch of the life of Count Leo Tolstoï, and ten essays made up from talks which the author has held with him at various times. For one who desires to obtain a clear, concise, and intelligent insight into the life of the man Tolstoï, his published works and his personal views on many matters, this book may be safely recommended. The author delivers Tolstor's own words, together with his own opinions on the time and circumstances attending their utterance, in the clearest and most dispassionate manner. We here obtain information on Tolstoi's wide acquaintance with all the prominent men of both England and America. We may see what he thinks of

Emerson, Thoreau, Garrison, Lowell, Whittier, Longfellow, Theodore Parker, Harriet Beecher Stowe, etc. We see what he thinks of Matthew Arnold as a critic, and how highly he rates the moral-religious note in his work; and also how deep is his gratitude to Arnold and Mr. Howells for having introduced his work to England and America. Tolstoï's regard for Henry George also makes interesting reading. Under the Allied Flags. By Elbridge S. Brooks. Illustrated. The Lothrop Publishing Co., Boston. 5x71⁄2 in. 322 pages. $1.25. This cannot fail to prove one of the most popular stories in the "Young Defender Series," dealing as it does with the Boxer uprising in China, the adventures of an American boy in Admiral Seymour's command and of an English lad under that of Sir Robert Hart. These two boys, Ned Pevear and Tom Dickson, respectively, meet and form a friendship. The American lad is materially aided in his escapades by an Americanized Chinaman, Wong Lee, who happens to be in China, and who desires to see his native country take on American civilization. It is a story to please and interest the boys.

Will you kindly give to one of your most

appreciative readers your "literary reasons" for accepting the "Sermon on the Mount" as a single, continuous utterance to the end of Matthew vii.?

The structure of the Sermon on the Mount possesses a unity which is vital, and so vital as to indicate that it belonged to the original composition. It is in this respect wholly unlike the Proverbs, for example. It consists of six parts: I. Happiness depends upon character. II. Character must be inherent, consisting in the motives and substructure of the soul. III. Artificial virtue dependent upon the praise of men is not such character as carries true happiness with it, though it has its reward. IV. The secret of character is entire consecration to God in undivided service. V. To one who thus gives himself to God, God gives as a free gift the eternal life, which is character. VI. The one condition of receiving it is obedience to God. That some aphorisms taken from other discourses of Christ have been added, perhaps by Matthew, which a modern writer would put in foot-notes as illustrative of the discourse, appears to be probable. That the discourse, as a whole, is a collection of various sayings put together by Matthew appears to us wholly inconsistent with the unity of the discourse as Matthew has reported it.

May I ask for your views as to the future condition and final destiny of all persons not reconciled to Christ? Does the Bible really teach their final, inevitable, and endless suffering? And would such an awful doom be in accordance with the spirit of that really benevolent being "whose nature and whose name is love"? A few words from you on this point would, I think, be very acceptable to your many readers. G. W. S. The Outlook does not accept the doctrine of an endless sin and misery, but finds reason to hope that redeeming agencies operate hereafter as well as here. An irreligious

and selfish life carries into the next world an incapacity for blessedness and material for remorse which the Bible fitly represents by images of privation and pain. That the experience of such retribution operates in every case toward conversion, the restoration of atrophied moral power, and the recovery of spiritual life, seems very doubtful. While it is matter of conjecture what is the ultimate issue for an incorrigible soul, a reasonable belief is that it is the extinction of personal being.

I read with much interest your article in your issue of August 24 on Self-Enforced Arbitration. You say that in New Zealand "the workingman can come back to work and the employer can reopen his factory during the life of an award," etc. This may do in New Zealand, but in the United States of America, where a written Constitution prevails, and under the Fourteenth Amendment no person can be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, no court could be invested with power to make such an award. See the work entitled "Guthrie on the Fourteenth Amendment," or ask any lawyer of standing at the New York bar.

E. K.

It would be a question for the courts to decide whether the Fourteenth Amendment, designed to protect the rights of freedmen, could be construed to prevent a State from regulating the conditions under which an owner must use his property.

In a review of Rhodes's "History of the

United States you mention Professor Fiske's books
as the first of "three works, practically consecutive,
which cover our entire history in a manner eminently
satisfactory." What are the titles of those books of
Mr. Fiske which cover this first period in our histori-
cal development?
C. W. C.

"The Discovery of America," "The Beginnings of New
England," "Old Virginia and Her Neighbors," "The
Dutch and Quaker Colonies," "The American Revolu-
tion," "
The Critical Period,"

Vol. 69

The Attempt at Assassination

That

By Monday of this week. the deep suspense of the country over its President hanging between life and death at Buffalo was changed to a strong and reasonable hope. The bulletins from the surgeons in attendance became more and more favorable as Sunday passed by and no unfavorable symptoms developed, and the wounded President began to take nourish ment and to have natural sleep. complications may arise from blood-poisoning is always possible in cases like this, and it has been evident from the first that the wound was of a severe and dangerous character. At this writing, however, the people of the United States, who on Sunday had been, without regard to party or opinions, anxiously and fearfully awaiting possible ill news, and through the churches and in all possible private ways expressing their sympathy for the President and detestation of the crime, begin to feel that the strain of doubt may be relieved within a very few days, and that there will not be a repetition of the long and sickening vibration between hope and fear which marked the suffering of President Garfield. Mr. McKinley, for a man fifty-eight years old, has a fine constitution, and the soldierlike calmness and strength which his clear mind and strong nerve brought to bear on the situation have made him almost an ideal patient. Another most happy circumstance has been the celerity with which highly skilled medical and surgical assistance was placed at his disposal, and the promptness of the important operation. Unlike President Garfield's case, the presence of the bullet is not likely to be a dangerous condition, and President McKinley has already gained some strength to enable him to meet the dangers of peritonitis should that occur, of which there is as we write no sign. The advances in surgical science make it possible to

No. 2

treat a wound like this-a double perforation of the stomach but not of the intestines-with a directness that would have seemed marvelous to the surgeons of twenty years ago. All things considered, even the not improbable occurrence of less favorable symptoms would not be necessarily fatal, and every day's absence of such symptoms increases the likelihood of ultimate recovery. The testimony of medical experts is that at least half of the cases of this general character recover, and where the immediate shock and strain of the operation are withstood as well as they have been here the chances are increased immensely.

'The Deed

The attack upon the President and the seizure of his assailant took place so almost instantane ously that even accounts from near eyewitnesses differ in detail. Some three thousand persons had crowded into the beautiful Temple of Music at Buffalo on Friday afternoon to see the President. A general introduction of the President to the assembly had been made; a recital of organ music was going on. A line had been formed and was passing before Mr. McKinley and President Milburn of the Exposition at about four o'clock. Near by were policemen and detectives in plain clothes who scrutinized the people, looking with special care, as is customary, at the position of their right hands. In the line just behind a little girl who was cordially greeted by the President came a young, smooth-faced workingman of foreign type, not, if one may judge by the photographs, of peculiarly repulsive or degenerate cast of features, but not notably intelligent in appearance. His right hand was wrapped in a handkerchief, as though injured-not an uncommen thing to see in any large crowd; indeed, a