the treasurers in that behalf appointed by the said ordinance of the sixteenth day of November aforesaid, have by wryttinge under their hands, bearinge date the sixth day of this p'sent moneth of November, now p'duced by the said George Fenwicke, and remaininge with him, acknowledged to be payd and satisfied by the said George Fenwicke, accordinge to severall Ordinances of Parliam1, and in such manner as by the said writting appeares; and the second moyety thereof, the said Thomas Noell the treasurer in that behalf authorized by Act of Parliam*, bearinge date the eighteenth day of September last past, hath by another writing under his hand, bearinge date the seaventh day of this p'sent moneth of November, nowe alsoe p'duced by the said George Fenwicke, and remayninge with him, acknowledged to be likewise paid and satisfied by the said George Fenwicke, according to severall Ordinances of Parliam', and in such manner as by the said last menc'oned writing appeaers, abe granted bargained aliened and sould, and by these p'sents doe grant, bargaine, alien and sell unto the said George Fenwicke, his heires and assignes, the Burrough and Towne of Sunderland-nigh-the-Sea, in the countie or countie palatine of Durham, with the rights, members and app'ten'nces thereof, & all courts p'quisits of courts, burrough rents and other free rents, duties, customes & p'ffitts of and belonging to the said burrough. And also the port, haven and creake of Sunderland aforesaid, extendinge itself from the barr and lowe water marke of the sea, unto the new bridge nigh Lumley Park, in the countie of Durham aforesaid, com'only called or knowne by the name or names of Sunderland port, creake, or haven; the anchorage, beaconage, planckage, wharfeage,

ballist shoares, pickage, stallage, poundage, meetage of corne, salt and coles, and all such and the like some and somes of money, duties and benefitts, as were lately heretofore due and paiable to the late bishopp of Durham, in right of the late bishopwricke of Durham, for or in respect of any shipp, vessell, or boate arriveing att, or ladeing or unladeing within the said porte, creeke, or haven, or any part or parcell thereof; and the benefitts, p'fitts, and com'odities from tyme to tyme arising or growing dew, for or by reason of the mettage of any salt, fruites, rootes, victualls and other merchandizes, brought or imported into the said porte, creake, or haven; and also the ferry and passage over the water, porte, or river of Sunderland aforesaid, and like ingresse, egresse, and regresse and landing over the said water, and on both the sides thereof, as bynn heretofore used, and all somes of money, tolles, customes, dutyes, & app'ten'n' to the said ferry and passage belonging or appertayning:-which said burrowe & p'misses are menc'oned in the particular thereof, to have bin by Endentute bearinge date the sixteenth day of November, in the ninth yeare of the raigne of the late Kinge Charles, demised by Thomas late bishopp of Durham, unto Sir William Bellasis, Knight, Sir William Lampton, Knight, George Watson and Ralph Allenson, of the city of Durham, aldermen, George Lilborne, of Sunderland, gent., and Thomas Tunstall, of the city of Durham, mercer, for the terme of one and twentie yeares, under the yearely rent of ten pounds, and to be upon improvement of the yearly value of thirty pounds over and above the said yearelie rent reserved.

"And also the manor of Houghton-in-le-Spring, and all and singular the rights, members and appurten'n'es

thereof, in the countie or countie palatine of Durham; the rents of assize, free rents, coppyhold or customary rents, rents seeke, rents service, and all other rents and yearly some and somes of money, com'only called cheife rents, old rents, or quitt rents, unto the said mannor belonging or in anywise appertayninge :--which last menc'oned p'misses are men'coned in the said particular, to be of the yearely value of one hundred and sixteene pounds fourteene shillings and nyne pence. And also one p'cell of ground, with the appurten'nc's in Houghtonle-Springe aforesaid, now or late in the tenure or occu-inpation of Robert Hutton, or his assignes, conteyning in breadth towards the east tenn yards or thereabouts, more or lesse, towards the west twenty seaven yards or thereabouts, more or lesse, and in length north and south one and twenty yards or thereabouts, more or lesse, within a close there com'only called the West Field; and all that water corne mill, with the appurten'nc's, erected and built in or upon the said parcell of ground, togeather with the way or passage from the said mill, leading from the said mill over a bridge there com'only called the Moore Bridge, through the lands of the said Robert Hutton.

"All that wind corne mill with the appurten'nc's, in Bishopps Weremouth, in the said county palatine of Dur

*The site of this manorial mill at Bishopwearmouth is now unknown. Was it on the stripe of copyhold land lying between Sans Street and Flag Lane, on the north side of Coronation Street, which is described on the Rolls of the Manor of Houghton as "the Mill Garden"? Or did the garden derive its name from three wind mills, shewn on Burleigh and Thompson's plan in 1737, to have then existed either upon or immediately contiguous to the piece of ground in question? The stumps of fruit trees were long visible upon this now valuable piece of property, which remained unbuilt upon until about the year 1793 or 1794, when General Lambton (great-grandfather of the present Earl of Durham) surrendered it in seNNN

ham, now or late in the tenure or occupation of Martyn Watson, yeoman, or his assigns. The fishinge, or free fishinge, with th' app'ten'nc's, in the river of Weare, soe far as the lands belonginge to the towneshipp of Bishopp Wearmouth aforesaid doth extend; and all waies, easements and liberties of dryinge netts upon the lands in Bishopps Wearemouth aforesaid, neere adjoyninge to the said river, to the said fishinge belonginge or appertaining. All stone pitts and quarries of stone opened and not opened, in any of the wasts or com'ons within the territories and precincts of Bishopps Weremouth aforesaid; and all houses and buildings to the said pitts or quarries belonginge or appertayninge :-which said fishinge, pitts and premises, now are or lately were in the tenure or occup'on of John Sheperdson or his assignes. And also one cottage or tenet, with th' appurten'nc's, in Bishopps Weremouth aforesaid, now or late in the tenure or occupac'on of Robert Pattison or his assignes:-which last menc'oned p'misses are menc'oned in the said p'ticular to be of the pesent yearely valew of six pounds, thirteene

parate plots to Messrs. Richard Markham, Samuel Anderson, George Walton, and Edward Aiskell, Sen., who, or their representatives, again surrendered it for building sites, at increased yearly rentals. In feudal times mills were valuable property (see p. 224): those in the bishop of Durham's manors were frequently in the bishop's hands, and worked by his tenants as part of their customary services due to the lord: at other times they appear to have been let to the tenants at yearly money rents and payments or in kind. In Bishop Pudsey's time, 1183, "The demesne [of Wearmouth and Tunstall] is at farm with a stock of 20 oxen, and two harrows, and 200 sheep, and renders with the mill, £20”—Boldon Buke. In the great roll 25 Bishop Beck, 1307, amongst the receipts there is "the mill of Wearmouth, £8 6s. 8d." Under Hatfield's Survey, "the bond tenants of Wearmouth, Tunstall, Ryhope, and Burdon hold the mill and brewery jointly, and pay . . . ." And in the Survey of 30 Elizabeth, 1587-8, amongst the "Tenn'ts for tearme of years" in "Busshop Warmouth" we find "Thomas Sparrowe holdeth a Wyndmyll by Indent. dated 23 Jan. Ao 28 Eliz. for xxj years, rent 40s."

shillings eight pence, and to be upon improvement of the yearely valew of eleaven pounds, foure shillings eight pence over and above the said p'sent yearely valewe.

"And above all that quarrie or stone quarrie, with th' app'ten'ces, within the pecincts and territories of the townshipp of Newbottle, in the said countie of Durham; and all that water corne mill with the app'ten'nc's in Newbottle aforesaid, com'only called Newbottle Mill; and all that p'cell of ground with the app'ten'nc's, neere adjoyninge to the said mill and therewithall demised, now or late in the tenure or occupac'on of John Butler or his assignes. One messuage or ten'te in Newbottle aforesaid, with th' app'en'nc's, now or late in the tenure or occupac'on of Mary Stephenson, widdow, and Robert Stephenson, or one of them, their, or one of their assignee or assignes. And all those severall messuages or ten'ts in Newbottle aforesaid, with their and every of theire appurten'nc's respectively, in the severall tenures or occupac'ons of Allice Chilton, widdow, John Chilton her sonne, George Watson and of Anne Wilson, widdow, and William Wilson her sonne, their, or some of their assignee or assignes. The moyety of one oxgange* of land with th'appurten'nc's, in Newbottle aforesaid, now or late in the tenure or occupac'on of William Causon, or his assignes. One other messuage or ten'te with the appurten'nc's, in Newbottle aforesaid, now or late in the tenure

An oxgang was as much land as a team of oxen could plough and make ready for sowing in a year. It was different in extent in various places, perhaps from the nature of the soil. In Boldon Buke it varies from eight acres to twenty. There were attached to it tofts and crofts, as also meadow and pasture land, included under the general appellation of bovate.-Glossary to Greenwell's Translation of the Boldon Buke.