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TO THE

RIGHT WORSHIPFUL THE MAYOR, GEORGE SMITH RANSON, Esq.,

MR. THOMAS REED,

MR. JAMES ALLISON, Ex-MAYOR,

JOSEPH BROWN, Esq., M. D., J. P., EX-MAYOR,
WILLIAM ORD, Esq., J. P., Ex-MAYOR,
And Vice-Admiral of the County Palatine of Durham,
MR. SAMUEL ALCOCK, EX-MAYOR,

MR. JOSHUA WILSON,

JAMES HARTLEY, Esq., J.P. EX-MAYOR, WILLIAM MORDEY, Esq., J. P. EX-MAYOR,

ANTHONY JOHN MOORE, Esq., Ex-MAYOR, And Steward of the Ancient Borough of Sunderland, MR. JOHN CROZIER,

JOHN LINDSAY, Esq., J. P.,

MR. JAMES WILLIAMS,

MR. THOMAS REED, (Nicholson Street),

Aldermen ;

THE COUNCILLORS AND BURGESSES;

AND

WILLIAM SNOWBALL, Esq., TOWN CLERK,

OF SUNDERLAND,

THIS HISTORY OF ALL THE INTERESTING EVENTS
IN THAT ANCIENT BOROUGH AND DISTRICT
FOR CENTURIES PAST,

PUBLISHED FROM A DESIRE TO PRESERVE AND PERPETUATE

THEM FOR THE INFORMATION OF POSTERITY,

IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY

THE EDITOR.

PREFACE.

IN presenting the first volume of my History and Antiquities of Sunderland, &c., to the world, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I have not assumed the dignified office of historian through ambition, or for the sake of profit. For many years there has been a growing want of a new local history which several parties better qualified—although not more enthusiastic than myself -have shrunk from supplying, through the vast amount of labour and commercial risk involved in the undertaking. I do not wish to place myself on a level with Spearman, Hutchinson, or Surtees, men of education and ample means, who have thrown so much light on the history of the County Palatine of Durham. I follow them at a respectful distance, and have given a faithful and impartial account of bygone transactions, in which the progenitors of many old families in the neighbourhood were concerned, and in which their descendants cannot fail to feel a deep interest.

I have truthfully recorded the acts of "Durham's mitred Princes," the Roman Catholic and Protestant Bishops of Durham, the Ancient Sovereigns of the Palatinate; while historical events in connexion with the locality have been duly attended to.

In the progress of the work I have been favoured with many proofs of the most disinterested kindness. In a most especial manner I am under the deepest obligation to Mr Robert Robson, F.S.A.N., of Walworth Street, Bishopwearmouth, whose industry, untiring zeal, and antiquarian knowledge have contributed so much to the completeness of the work. Among those who are also entitled to my most grateful thanks are, the Right Hon. Lady Noel Byron; the Right Hon. Viscountess Boyne; Sir William George Hylton Jolliffe, Bart., M.P.; Sir John Romilly, Knt., Master of the Rolls and Keeper of the Public Records of England and Wales. Robert Henry Allan, Esq., F.S.A.; John Hodgson Hinde, Esq., F.S.A.; Richard Laurence Pemberton, Esq.; Christopher Maling Webster, Esq.; H. I. Sharpe, Esq., Deputy Keeper of the Public Records, Rolls' Chapel, London; William Mordey, Esq.; John Kidson, Esq.; Cooper Abbs, Esq.; Joseph Davison, Esq., Durham; Anthony John Moore, Esq.; Messrs. Trotter and Hodgson, Solicitors, Bishop

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