Amblan Point is low, sandy, and steep-to, and is covered with coconut trees. A flashing white light, visible 11 miles, is shown from a white concrete pillar near the end of the point. The town of Ayuquitan lies just west of Amblan Point. It may be identified by the large brick wall, the remains of a burned church. This wall is circular at the top and surmounted by a cross. Anchorage in 10 fathoms (18.3 m.), sandy bottom, may be found off the town. A shoal with a least known depth of 1 fathom (1.8 m.) lies about 2 miles west-northwestward of the light and 3⁄4 mile offshore.

The town of Polo lies at the mouth of the river of the same name, which empties about 3 miles westward of Amblan Point. The Polo River is very small and can only be entered by a pulling boat at high water.

The town of Tanjay lies on the south side of the river of the same name, about 1 mile above its mouth. The Tanjay River, which empties about 1 mile southward of Canamay Point, is small and shoal. The bar at the mouth is nearly bare at low water. The shore reef in this vicinity is about 1/2 mile wide, and anchorage, protected only during the southwest monsoon, may be found outside of it in 10 fathoms (18.3 m.); muddy bottom.

Canamay Point, the southern entrance point to Bais Bay, is low and covered with mangroves. It is surrounded by a reef, bare at low water, which extends 1/4 mile. A black can buoy marks the edge of the shoal water off Canamay Point at the south side of South Bais Bay.

Bais Bay (chart 4466), between Canamay Point and Campoyo Point, about 512 miles northward, is divided into two smaller bays, known as North and South Bais Bays, by Daco Island. The shores of both bays are low and fringed with mangroves, back of which is a large area of fertile land devoted to the cultivation of sugar cane. Both bays afford good, sheltered anchorage for moderate-sized vessels, but are so encumbered with reefs as to make them difficult of access, especially in bad weather. The entrances are between extensive reefs, partly bare at low water.

Daco Island lies with its southern end about 3/4 mile northward of Canamay Point. The southern end is low and covered with mangroves, while the northern end is 547 feet (167 m.) high. There is a narrow boat channel with a depth of 1 fathom (1.8 m.) at high water between it and the mainland.

On Guindung Point, which extends southward from the northwest point of Daco Island, is a stone pier about 30 yards long, on which is a concrete building with a nipa roof visible from all parts of South Bais Bay. Reefs, partly bare at low water, extend over 1 mile from the northeast point of Daco Island and form the southern side of the channel into North Bais Bay.

South Bais Bay, southward and westward of Daco Island, is generally shoal. Anchorage may be found southward of the south end of Daco Island in 9 fathoms (16.4 m.) or westward of the same point in 32 or 5 fathoms (6.4 or 9.1 m.). There is a dangerous reef, partly bare at low water, lying about 1/4 mile southwestward of Arboles Point, the southwest extremity of Daco Island; its southwest end is marked by rocks, which are generally visible and a red

nun buoy marks the edge of the shoal water southeastward. The channel between this reef and the reefs fringing Arboles Point is less than 100 yards wide and has a depth of 6 fathoms (11 m.). It is generally marked by stakes and is used by small local traders. The channel generally used by strangers is westward of the rocks marking the western extremity of the reef just described; it has a width of about 350 yards and a depth of 6 fathoms (11 m.). On the western edge of this channel is a small rocky patch with a least depth of 34 fathom (1.4 m.). The wharf of the Central Azucarera de Bais is located on the south shore of South Bais Bay.

Directions. Good anchorage may be found by bringing Arboles Point to bear 306° (NW. % W. mag.) and steering for it, anchoring in 9 fathoms (16.4 m.) when Banlas Point, the southeast point of Daco Island, bears 58° (NE. by E. 1% E. mag.). Vessels desiring to enter the bay should pass about 1/4 mile southward of Banlas and Arboles Points and through the staked channel previously described or continue westward, keeping a good lookout for the reef northward, and when the wharf on Guindung Point bears 352° (N. 34 W. mag.) it should be steered for. Anchorage in 314 fathoms (5.9 m.) may be found with the wharf on the above bearing and Arboles Point bearing 91° (E. mag.), or as much farther northward as the draft will permit.

North Bais Bay, northward of Daco Island, is nearly blocked by reefs, through which there are narrow, tortuous channels where good anchorage may be found, but in the absence of any aids to navigation they are impracticable without local knowledge, except at low water, when the reefs are visible. Extensive reefs, partly bare at low water, extend over 1 mile northeastward of Daco Island and nearly 2 miles southeastward from Campoyo Point, leaving a narrow, deep entrance channel about 350 yards wide between them into the interior of the bay. Diutay Islet is a small cultivated islet 208 feet (63 m.) high nearly in the middle of the bay, on an extensive reef, largely bare at low water.

The town of Bais, an important sugar-shipping port in this vicinity, lies on the shore in the southwestern part of North Bais Bay. About 1 mile northward of the town is a wooden wharf with 14 feet (4.3 m.) at its end. This wharf is at the head of a long, narrow, tortuous channel between the reefs. From the wharf is an embankment of stone and earth about 1 mile long, built over the mud flats, to the main road, which passes through Bais.

Another wharf, with a depth of 18 feet (5.5 m.) at its end, extends about 600 yards northward from the north side of Daco Island. This wharf is also connected with the town of Bais by a good road. Five white, concrete beacons about 15 feet (4.6 m.) high, erected on the edges of the reefs, mark the channel to the wharf.

Vessels entering North Bais Bay should pass midway between Nos. 1 and 2 beacons on a 270° (W. S. mag.) course; when abeam of No. 2 beacon haul northwestward for No. 4 beacon; round No. 3 beacon at a distance of about 200 yards and steer southwestward, with No. 6 beacon slightly open on the starboard bow; when abreast No. 6 beacon steer for the wharf, keeping a good lookout for shoal water northeastward of it.

Campoyo Point, the northern entrance point to North Bais Bay, is a narrow strip of lowland on which there are a few coconut trees and grass. Reefs, bare at low water, extend 1 mile eastward and 2 miles south-southeastward from it.

Manjuyod Point, about 4 miles northward of Campoyo Point, is bold, with rocky bluffs from 20 to 100 feet (6.1 to 30.5 m.) high for 1 mile on either side of it. It is clean and steep-to. The town of Manjuyod lies in a bend in the coast about midway between Campoyo and Manjuyod Points, just north of the mouth of the river of the same name.

From Manjuyod Point the coast trends northerly for about 41⁄2 miles to the village of Tinaogan and thence in a north-by-east direction with a curve westerly for 812 miles to Tayasan Point. Between Manjuyod Point and Tinaogan a narrow, fringing reef and shoal water extends about 1/4 mile in places.

Immediately northeastward from Tinaogan, and connected with the shore, is a circular ridge of coral varying in width from 100 to 500 yards and with depths over it from bare at low water to 10 fathoms (18.3 m.) and inclosing within it an area about 1 mile in diameter, with depths varying from 11 to 18 fathoms (20.1 to 32.9 m.). This narrow, coral ridge bares at low water at the center of its outer or eastern edge, which lies nearly 12 miles from shore. The ridge is steep-to on all sides, the lead giving no warning of its vicinity. While it is possible to cross the ridge in some of the deeper places, it is not considered advisable to do so. A good range for passing well eastward from this reef is Diutay Island, Bais Bay, in range with Manjuyod Point, bearing 1902 (S. 34 W. mag.).

Calagcalag Bay (chart 4466), about 3 miles northward of Tinaogan, is a reef harbor where good shelter for small vessels can be found in either monsoon. It is divided into two sections; the outer part is formed by coral reefs bare at low water, and affords an anchorage area about 1/4 mile wide. The inner part is formed by two mangrovecovered points and is fringed almost throughout by coral. This inner section is merely a narrow, well-defined channel between reefs bare at low water. The channel is curved and varies in width between the reefs from 150 yards at its narrowest part to approximately 200 yards near its head. The channel is clear, with muddy bottom shoaling gradually from 15 fathoms (27.4 m.) at its entrance to 3 fathoms (5.5 m.) about 100 yards from a causeway which crosses its head.

Directions. In the absence of any aids to navigation it is difficult to give directions for Calagcalag Bay. The outer anchorage should be approached on a 270° (W. 1 S. mag.) course, keeping about 250 yards south of the reef, which forms the northern side of the anchorage and anchoring off the entrance to the inner section in 15 to 20 fathoms (27 to 36 m.), muddy bottom, with the rocky point covered with scraggly mangroves, which forms the northern side of the inner section, bearing 21° (N. by E. 34 E. mag.). Small craft intending to enter the inner section should stand northward from the above-described anchorage, keeping a good lookout for the reefs on either side, until a prominent culvert in the causeway at the head of the bay bears 287° (WNW. 5% W. mag.), when it should be in range with a conspicuous notch or cut in a prominent cluster of bamboos on the top of a hill several hundred feet high. Stand in on this

range and anchor in 41⁄2 fathoms (8.2 m.), sticky mud bottom, about 250 yards from the causeway.

Tayasan Point is a steep-to rounded point, low, flat, and well cultivated, and forms a prominent projection from the general coast line. The town of Tayasan lies on the south side of Tayasan Point on the eastern side of the Tibiauan River. Good anchorage, fairly protected in both monsoons, may be found off the elbow in the coast about 34 mile southwestward of Tayasan in 22 fathoms (40 m.), muddy bottom, about 250 yards from the beach. The shore in the vicinity of Tayasan Point is remarkably steep-to.

Jimalalud is a small town about 311⁄2 miles north-northeastward of Tayasan Point, immediately northward of Dalungan Point. It may be recognized by a prominent, iron-roofed convent. Anchorage may be found eastward of the convent in 15 fathoms (27.4 m.), muddy bottom, about 300 yards from the shore.

Pasil Point, about 51/2 miles northeastward of Tayasan Point, is low, flat, and well cultivated. The Magingin River, which is small and of no value to navigation, empties through Pasil Point.

Libertad River, which empties 11/2 miles northward of Pasil Point, although appearing large, is completely blocked by a reef bare at low water. Outside the reef the bottom drops off abruptly into 20 fathoms (36 m.). Small native craft enter this river at high water. Guijulngan is a small town about 71⁄2 miles north-northeastward of Pasil Point. It contains several good stores, and a company of constabulary is stationed there at present. Small coasting steamers call regularly. The mouth of the large river emptying northward of the town is closed by a bar, and all cargo is handled on the beach in front of the town. Off the town the water deepens gradually to depths of 3 and 4 fathoms (5.5 and 7.3 m.) about 3 mile from the beach, and then drops off abruptly to 12 fathoms (21.9 m.), muddy bottom, and deepens rapidly to over 50 fathoms (91 m.), a little more than 1/2 mile from shore. The usual anchorage is in 12 to 15 fathoms (21.9 to 27.4 m.), muddy bottom, with the church bearing 290° (WNW. 14 W. mag.). A fixed red light is displayed from a concrete beacon on the beach at Guijulngan.

From Guijulngan the coast trends in a general northerly direction for about 20 miles to the Mainit River at the southern entrance to Refugio Pass. This coast presents no points or indentations of any importance; the hills approach close to the shores, which are fringed with steep-to reefs, off which the water is generally too deep to afford good anchorage. The rivers are small and of no value to navigation. This part of the island is well populated, and there are numerous villages scattered along the shore.

A small reef having three coral heads awash at low water and surrounded by deep water lies 35 mile east-southeastward of Jilaitan Point. Between this reef and the shore reef is a clear, deep channel about 200 yards wide. With the exception of this reef there are no off-lying dangers in this vicinity.

Vessels occasionally anchor off the town of Vallehermoso. A sandy flat with an average depth of 3 fathoms (5.5 m.) along its outer edge extends about 300 yards from shore in front of the village, and immediately outside of this flat the water deepens abruptly to 10 fathoms (18.3 m.). Anchorage may be found ́just

outside the edge of this flat in 10 fathoms (18.3 m.), muddy bottom, with the Vallehermoso convent near the shore, and the largest and most prominent building in the village, bearing 271° (W. mag.).

About 111⁄2 miles northward of Vallehermoso, and directly off the De la Vina sugar hacienda, anchorage may be had, well protected during the southwest monsoon and also from southerly and southeasterly winds by a detached coral reef which runs parallel with the shore and bares in two places at low water. To approach this anchorage, the prominent, iron-roofed dwelling should be brought to bear 226° (SW. mag.) and steered for, anchoring in 5 fathoms (9.1 m.), muddy bottom, when the mouth of the small stream on the northern side of the hacienda bears 271° (W. mag.). A small, detached, 214-fathom (4.1 m.) patch lies off the northern entrance, about 400 yards from the shore, between which and the shore is a narrow 11-fathom (20.1 m.) channel. From this patch the ironroofed dwelling bears 218° (SW. 34 S. mag.) and following the previously recommended course should be passed on the starboard hand at a distance of about 150 yards when approaching the anchorage from northward.

The channel between the shore and the southern end of the detached reef which protects the anchorage is foul and irregular and should not be used, as there is a small 114-fathom (2.3 m.) coral patch lying directly off it, from which the iron-roofed dwelling bears 318° (NW. 14 N. mag.), less than 1/2 mile distant.

From the mouth of the Mainit River the coast trends northeasterly for about 6 miles to Talabe Point, forming the western side of Refugio Pass. This coast is generally fringed by mangroves and faced by a narrow, steep-to reef. The town of San Carlos and a number of villages lie on this coast. There are a number of sugar estates in this vicinity off which anchorage may be found.

Refugio Island, forming the eastern side of Refugio Pass, is nearly flat, the highest point, in the eastern part, being about 50 feet (15.2 m.). It is surrounded by reefs partly bare at low water, which extend 12 mile northeastward and over 1 mile southwestward from it; the reef on the northwest side is narrow and steep-to. Its shores are low and rocky except for a stretch of sand beach on the east side and another on the southwest. It is thickly populated and well cultivated. It is marked near the northern end by an occulting white light, visible 15 miles. A black can buoy marks the edge of the reef northward and a red nun buoy southward of the island.

Ermita Rock, composed of coral heads with a least depth of 1⁄2 fathom (0.9 m.) and surrounded by deep water, is a dangerous reef lying about 1 mile east-southeastward of Ermita Point, the southern extremity of Refugio Island. There is a deep channel 11⁄2 mile wide between Refugio Island and Ermita Rock.

Refugio Pass (chart 4466), separating Refugio Island from Negros, is about 6 miles long and has a least navigable width, abreast San Carlos Point, of 3/4 mile. Near the southern end of the pass are seven separate detached shoals lying on the western side of the channel, the outermost of which, a 3-fathom (5.5 m.) patch, lies nearly 3/4 mile from the coast of Negros, leaving a deep channel 1 mile wide between it and the reefs fringing the western part of Refugio