assert itself, the Governor-General will naturally take immediate charge of the local armed forces of the country. In cases of grave danger, he can call upon the commanders of the military and naval forces of the United States in the Philippines. He may, when the public safety demands it, even suspend the privileges of the writ of habeas corpus or place the Islands or any part thereof under martial law. When he decides to do this, however, he must notify the President of the United States at once and advise him of all the facts in the case. 92. Specific Functions of the Governor-General. — The Governor-General is granted general supervision and control of all the departments and bureaus of the Government of the Philippine Islands. In addition, he is charged by law with the exercise of various specific functions. 1. The Governor-General appoints all important Philippine officials, with the exception of the Vice-Governor, the justices of the Supreme Court, and the Auditor. The consent of the Philippine Senate is, however, necessary except in the case of appointive senators and representatives. 2. He has the power to remove officials and to order an investigation of the conduct or of any action of persons in the government service. In connection with this investigation he may designate an officer, committee, or any person who shall conduct the investigation. 3. He confirms the elections of elective provincial officers. 4. He is permitted to issue executive orders concerning the organization or mode of operation of the Government, the performance of duties by public employees, or issues of general concern. He can also promulgate executive proclamations fixing the dates when laws, resolutions, or orders are to have or cease to have effect. 5. He may reserve from settlement or public sale and for specific public uses any public land of the Philippine Islands, the use of which is not otherwise provided by law. 6. He determines when it is necessary or advantageous to exercise the right of eminent domain in behalf of the Government of the Philippine Islands. If he decides to do this, he advises the Attorney-General to institute condemnation proceedings in the court having proper jurisdiction. 7 He is authorized to grant to convicted persons reprieves or pardons, conditional or unconditional, as well as to suspend sentences without pardon, to remit fines, and to order the discharge of any convicted person on parole. 8. He is empowered to deport from the Philippine Islands any subject of a foreign power after a proper investigation in which the person concerned is given a chance to defend himself. 9. He is the department head of the Bureau of Civil Service and the Bureau of Audits. He may order an examination of the books and accounts of the Auditor and Treasurer, and submit the report of his financial investigations to the Secretary of War. 10. He can, with the approval of the Philippine Senate, order the concentration of the inhabitants of outlying barrios in small communities. II. He has supervision of the issuance of passports to citizens of the Philippine Islands and of the United States who want to go abroad. 12. He takes charge of all extradition cases. 13. He supervises the correspondence touching the foreign relations of the Philippines, such as correspondence with the Bureau of Insular Affairs, the United States consuls abroad, and the foreign consuls in the Philippine Islands. 93. The Vice-Governor. - The Vice-Governor is appointed by the President of the United States with the consent of the United States Senate. The Vice-Governor is also by the Jones Law head of the Department of Public Instruction and performs other duties assigned him by the Governor-General. He acts as Governor-General in case of a vacancy in this office. Should both the Governor-General and the ViceGovernor be unable, for some reason, to perform the duties of the office of Governor-General, the President of the United States names the head of one of the executive departments to act temporarily as Governor-General. CHAPTER XI THE REORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS 94. Executive Autonomy under the Jones Law. - There has never been any doubt that under the Jones Law the Filipino people were to have control of legislation, subject only to the Governor-General's veto power, and in a few instances to the approval of the President of the United States. The provision for an elective legislature could not mean anything else. The point disputed at the time the Jones Law reached the Islands was how much executive power was intended to be given the Filipino people. The Jones Law gives the Philippine Legislature power to "increase the number or abolish any of the executive departments, or make such changes in the names and duties thereof as it may see fit,” and to provide "for the appointment and removal of the heads of the executive departments by the Governor-General." (Sec. 22.) But in the same section of the Jones Law it is also provided "that all executive functions of the government must be directly under the Governor-General or within one of the executive departments under the supervision and control of the Governor-General." In the opinion of some, the heads of the executive departments would be mere agents of the chief executive. It would not mean further extension of power to the Filipino people. In the opinion of others, we had to get the answer from the spirit of the Law. The purpose of the Act was to give to the Filipinos as large a control of their affairs as could be given |