to speak, then I beseech God that my death and blood may speak for all;" and so, with a few prayers being said by him, he was turned off the ladder, where he hung till he was scarce half dead, and so was cut down and hauled to the pit where the fire was. Where, as he felt the butcher his knife, he spoke to him and said, "God forgive thee, go on, go on." And again, Asperges me, Domine; Domine, Domine, miserere,1 and so died. His quarters were set on the Castle, and his head upon Framegate [Framwell Gate] Bridge in the town, the which was taken away that night by some of his friends.

Upon Friday, being the 26th of July, Mr. John Ingram was by the under-sheriff conveyed to Gateside. The cart, therefore, coming to the prison, he was brought forth and laid therein, and entering into the cart he used these words, Tanquam agnus innocens ad occisionem ductus sum,2 and being so carried out of the town, there was a horse prepared for him, and so he rid the rest of the way on horseback, without boots or cloak, having upon his head a white coif only, with a JESUS wrought in the forehead with red silk (as also Mr. Boast had, towards his execution, a night cap with a coif under it turned up, and thereupon a JESUS wrought in black silk, and as it were a holy lamb above it), holding the bridle in the left hand, and his right hand up, praying; but. it seemed that he had no perfect use of his right hand, by reason of racking, for he could not hold it very upright. His horse was changed at Chester, and another delivered unto him; . . . and between the under-sheriff and the aldermen of Durham was conveyed unto the Tollbooth in Gateside. Upon his alighting by Captain Ellis, the President's man, and others, a speech was raised that Mr. Ingram attempted to have escaped and drowned himself in Tyne, which was neither true, or could be true, nor any attempt to any such purpose

1 Thou shalt sprinkle me, O Lord; O Lord, have mercy.
2 I am led as an innocent lamb to the slaughter.

made by him; and one hearing Ellis report the tale who had come in company with him did openly reprove him for it to his face in Mr. -'s house. The same day, about three of the clock at afternoon, or a little before, all things at the place of execution being ready, Mr. Ingram was then laid in another cart, and from the Tollbooth was drawn to the place of execution. And being come thither he prayed upon his knees in the cart, and after prostrated himself upon his face and belly. After a while he descended from the cart, and sat down on both his knees and prayed again; and making a Cross upon the ladder and kissing it, he ascended up, and turning his face to the people he said, "I take God and His holy angels to the record, that I die only for the holy Catholic faith and religion, and do rejoice and thank God with all my heart that hath made me worthy to testify my faith therein, by the spending of my blood in this manner." And then the sheriff interrupted him and willed him to make an end of his prayers. Then he required the people to consider in what a damnable estate they stood in, through erroneous religion, as he termed it. Then one Banister, a follower of the judges, said, "Mr. Sheriff, he is preaching unto the people." Then the sheriff again interrupted him. Then he was willed to pray for the Queen, and he prayed God that she might long reign to His glory, and that it might please Him to procure her to live and die a good Catholic Christian prince. "Marry, God defend," quoth Hutton, parson of Gateside; and they were offended he had prayed in that manner; and he answered that they bade him pray for her. The rope being put about his neck, the which he kissed twice before it was put on, he said his Pater noster, Ave Maria, with Ora pro nobis, Sancta Dei Genetrix, &c., Credo, and the Psalm Miserere mei Deus, desiring the baylie that stood at the foot of the ladder that he would spare him until he had made an end of that Psalm, which

done, making the sign of the Cross upon himself, and saying, In manus tuas, &c., the ladder was turned; and being dead, he was cut down, bowelled, and quartered, as the manner is. His quarters were sent to Newcastle, his head set up upon the bridge, with Mr. Lampton's and Mr. Waterson's, and his blessed soul received triumphantly among the celestial spirits in the kingdom of his heavenly Father.

Upon Monday following, George Swallowell, sometime a minister or reader in the hospital of Sherbourne House,1 so-called, was carried to Darlington to be executed. It was God's providence that he was reserved to see the examples of these two priests, and so to have this occasion to win his crown; for he had been at a gaoldelivery, at Candlemas before, brought unto the bar, but was reprieved by the Lord President and remitted unto the general assizes before the judges, and if this occasion had not been it is very probable that he should have been quit [acquitted] and continued in his former estate. Being brought unto the place of execution, and a room made for him, there came in four or five ministers, but he said, "Mr. Sheriff, you promised me that I should not be troubled; I pray you take them away." They urged him that he was a minister, and of another profession; and he answered that he was sorry for it that he had been so. Then the under-sheriff commanded him to go up the ladder, which done, he said unto him, "Now hear me a little; thou art condemned for a traitor against the Queen's Majesty, and art to receive thy punishment according to thy deserts. Confess thy fault and ask the Queen forgiveness." Then he answered that he had offended God and asked Him forgiveness, for he had given to Cæsar more than was Cæsar's due; and so, desiring all Catholics to pray for him, he said his own prayers in Latin, and being turned off the ladder and

1 Challoner says, at Houghton le Spring in the Bishopric.

dead, was cut down, bowelled, and quartered.1 His quarters were buried together at the foot of a stack or heap of furze, and his head was appointed to be set up on the Tollbooth; his soul receiving a whole hire, though he came not to the vineyard before the eleventh hour.

NOTE. In the Will Office attached to York Minster, amongst other inestimable treasures, are preserved in seventeen volumes the original Acts of the Ecclesiastical Commission of the North. We content ourselves with a very few extracts to illustrate Father Holtby's narrative.

On Saturday, March 25, 1592, in the manor house of the dissolved Abbey of St. Mary's, York, Henry Earl of Huntingdon Lord President of the North presiding over the Ecclesiastical Commission, Ralph Babthorpe of Osgodby, and William Hungate of Septon, Esquires, appeared in person, and were each of them bound "in five hundred marks to procure that morning and evening prayers appointed in the Book of Common Prayer be hereafter daily held in their houses, and their children and household servants ordinarily to hear the same; also not to keep or hereafter retain in their houses or service any of their children or servants, being of lawful age, not dutifully and usually resorting to the church, there to hear Divine Service and receive the Holy Communion at least so often yearly as is appointed in the said Book of Common Prayer; neither to admit nor suffer any that shall be known to be disobedient in religion to remain or usually to repair to their house."

The day before this proceeding the wives of these and other gentlemen were thus disposed of. "And because she [Margaret, wife of Sir Henry Constable] refused to hear Divine Service or to conform herself towards religion established, the said Commissioners committed her to the custody of Mr. William Watkinson, by a warrant in writing to keep her close prisoner in his house

1 The account of Swallowell's martyrdom given by Bishop Challoner does not altogether agree with this, and is fuller in detail.

without access of any person to her, saving of a maid to attend her, being such one as will repair to the Church to hear Divine Service." So Mistress Babthorpe was committed to "Mr. Thomas Buskell, Esq.," and Mistress Hungate to "Mr. William Paler, Esq."-gentlemen of whose names we should probably be in ignorance but for this circumstance. The delicate attention of the Commissioners, that the ladies' maids should go to the Protestant church, shows how carefully they studied the work given them to do.

However, the gentlemen who consented to act as these ladies' gaolers were soon relieved of their charge. On Friday, the 13th of April, 1592, "in the prebendal1 house of Ulleskelf, within the cloister of the cathedral church of York, and before the most Rev. Father in Christ, John Lord Archbishop of York, the most noble Henry Earl of Huntingdon, and the venerable Sir Christopher Hildyard, Knight, John Benet, doctor of laws, William Hildyard, Esq., and William Palmer, Chancellor of the Church of York, in the presence of me, Henry Proctor, public notary which day, hour and place the said Commissioners for divers causes them moving, and especially because the favour showed to the persons hereafter named, by committing them to divers gentlemen's houses where they have been well entreated, and conference of godly preachers to move them to forsake the errors, if it would so have fallen out, could take no place with them [sic], committed them, viz., the Lady Margaret Constable, wife of Sir Henry Constable, Knight; Mrs. Catherine Ingleby, wife of W. Ingleby, Esq.; Mrs. Catherine Metham, wife of Thomas Metham, Esq.; Mrs. Grace Babthorpe, wife of Ralph Babthorpe, Esq.; Mrs. Margaret Hungate, wife of W. Hungate, Esq.; and Mrs. Elizabeth Lawson, wife of Ralph Lawson, Esq., to the keeper of the Castle of Sheriff Hutton by warrants made for that purpose to Richard Pollard, gent., keeper of the same castle, and signed other warrants to be delivered to the gentlemen where they now remain, commanding them and any of them thereby upon receipt of their warrants to deliver the said gentlewomen and any of them to Roger Collier, her Majesty's pursuivant, who by like warrants was commanded to receive them 1 These legal Latin phrases are translated in these extracts.