Precedence within a particular group between or among two or more officers having the same date of appointment shall be as determined by the Secretary of Defense at the time of appointment.

PART II

SUCCESSION TO THE POSITION OF SECRETARY OF THE ARMY

In the event of the death, disability, or absence of the Secretary of the Army, the following designated officers shall succeed to the position of, and act as, Secretary of the Army in the order indicated:

1. Under Secretary of the Army.

2. Assistant Secretaries of the Army, in the order fixed by their length of service as such.

3. Chief of Staff, United States Army.

4. Vice Chief of Staff, United States Army.

5. Chief of the United States Army Field Forces.

PART III

SUCCESSION TO THE POSITION OF SECRETARY OF THE NAVY

In the event of the death, disability, or absence of the Secretary of the Navy, the following designated officers shall succeed to the position of, and act as, Secretary of the Navy in the order indicated:

1. Under Secretary of the Navy.

2. Assistant Secretary of the Navy.

3. Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Air.

4. Chief of Naval Operations.

5. Vice Chief of Naval Operations.

PART IV

SUCCESSION TO THE POSITION OF SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE In the event of the death, disability, or absence of the Secretary of the Air Force, the following designated officials shall succeed to the position of, and act as, Secretary of the Air Force in the order indicated:

1. Under Secretary of the Air Force.

2. Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force, in the order

fixed by their length of service as such.

3. Chief of Staff, United States Air Force.

4. Vice Chief of Staff, United States Air Force.

5. The Senior Deputy Chief of Staff who is not absent or disabled.

6. Commanding General, Tactical Air Command.

PART V

Succession to office pursuant to this order shall be on a temporary or interim basis and shall not have the effect of vacating the statutory position held by the successor. PART VI

Executive Order No. 10332 of March 7, 1952, is hereby revoked.

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

Ex. ORD. No. 10586. ORDER OF SUCCESSION-TREASURY DEPARTMENT

Ex Ord. No. 10586, Jan. 13, 1955, 20 F. R. 361, provided: In case of the death, resignation, absence, or sickness of the Secretary of the Treasury and the Under Secretary of the Treasury, the following-designated officers of the Treasury Department shall, in the order of succession indicated, act as Secretary of the Treasury until a successor is appointed or until the absence or sickness of the incumbent shall cease:

1. Under Secretary for Monetary Affairs.

2. Assistant Secretaries, in the order fixed from time to time by the Secretary of the Treasury.

3. General Counsel.

Executive Order No. 8714 of March 18, 1941, entitled "Designating Certain Officers To Act as Secretary of the Treasury in Case of Absence or Sickness of the Secretary" is hereby revoked.

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

Ex. ORD. No. 10791. ORDER OF SUCCESSION-SECRETARY OF STATE

Ex. Ord. No. 10791, Dec. 1, 1958, 23 F. R. 9307, provided: By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 179 of the Revised Statutes this section], and as President of the United States, it is ordered as follows:

In case of the death, resignation, absence, or sickness of the Secretary of State and the Under Secretary of State, the following-designated officers of the Department of State shall, in the order of succession indicated, act as Secretary of State until a successor is appointed or until the absence or sickness of the incumbent shall cease:

1. Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs 2. Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs 3. Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration All prior orders or other Presidential documents designating officers to perform the duties of the Secretary of State, including the unnumbered order dated April 30, 1954, and the unnumbered order dated August 23, 1955, are hereby revoked.

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Order of succession of officers of the Department of the Interior to act as Secretary of the Interior, see Ex. Ord. No. 10753, set out as a note under section 481 of this title. § 7. Temporary appointments to vacancies limited.

A vacancy occasioned by death or resignation must not be temporarily filled under the provisions of sections 4-6 of this title for a longer period than thirty days. (R. S. § 180; Feb. 6, 1891, ch. 113, 26 Stat. 733.) DERIVATION

Act July 23, 1868, ch. 227, § 3, 15 Stat. 168.

§ 8. Restriction on manner of temporary appointments to fill vacancies.

No temporary appointment, designation, or assignment of one officer to perform the duties of another, in the cases covered by sections 4 and 5 of this title, shall be made otherwise than as provided by those sections, except to fill a vacancy happening during a recess of the Senate. (R. S. § 181.) DERIVATION

Act July 23, 1868, ch. 227, § 2, 15 Stat. 168.

§ 9. Extra compensation for duties performed while filling vacancies.

An officer performing the duties of another office, during a vacancy, as authorized by sections 46 of this title, is not by reason thereof entitled to any other compensation than that attached to his proper office. (R. S. § 182.)

DERIVATION

Act July 23, 1868. ch. 227. § 3, 15 Stat. 168.

§ 10. Commissions.

The President is authorized to make out and deliver, after the adjournment of the Senate, commissions for all officers whose appointments have been advised and consented to by the Senate (R. S. § 1773.)

DERIVATION

Act Mar. 2, 1867, ch. 154, § 6, 14 Stat. 431.

§ 11. Same; officers under Secretaries of departments. The commissions of all officers under the direction and control of the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Interior, the Postmaster General, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Agriculture shall be made out and recorded in the respective departments under which they are to serve, and the department seal affixed thereto, any laws to the contrary notwithstanding: Provided, That the said seal shall not be affixed to any such commission before the same

shall have been signed by the President of the United States. (Mar. 3, 1875, ch. 131, § 14, 18 Stat. 420; Mar. 28, 1896, ch. 73, 29 Stat. 75; Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1422, 33 Stat. 990; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736; July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, § 201, 61 Stat. 499; Aug. 10, 1949, ch. 412, § 4, 63 Stat. 579.)

CODIFICATION

The "Secretary of Defense" was substituted for the "Secretary of War, the Secretary of the Navy" on the authority of act July 26, 1947, as amended by act Aug. 10, 1949.

§ 12. Same; judicial officers and other officers under Attorney General.

The commissions of all judicial officers, including marshals and attorneys of the United States, appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and all other commissions prepared prior to August 8, 1888, at the Department of State upon the requisition of the Attorney General, shall be made out and recorded in the Department of Justice, and shall be under the seal of said department and countersigned by the Attorney General, any laws to the contrary notwithstanding. The said seal shall not be affixed to any such commission before the same shall have been signed by the President of the United States. (Aug. 8, 1888, ch. 786, 25 Stat. 387.)

§ 13. Notification of appointments.

Whenever the President, without the advice and consent of the Senate, designates, authorizes, or employs any person to perform the duties of any office he shall forthwith notify the Secretary of the Treasury thereof, and the Secretary of the Treasury shall thereupon communicate such notice to the General Accounting Office. (R. S. §§ 236, 1774; June 10, 1921, ch. 18, § 305, 42 Stat. 24.)

DERIVATION

Act Mar. 2, 1867, ch. 154, § 6, 14 Stat. 431.

§ 14. Notification of nominations or rejections.

The Secretary of the Senate shall, at the close of each session thereof, deliver to the Secretary of the Treasury, and to each of the Assistant Secretaries of the Treasury, and to the General Accounting Office, and to the Treasurer, and to the Bureau of the Public Debt, a full and complete list, duly certified, of all the persons who have been nominated to and rejected by the Senate during such session, and a like list of all the offices to which nominations have been made and not confirmed and filled at such session. (R. S. § 1775; June 10, 1921, ch. 18, § 304, 42 Stat. 24; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. III, § 1 (a) (4), eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F. R. 2107, 54 Stat. 1231.)

DERIVATION

Act Mar 2, 1867, ch. 154, § 7, 14 Stat. 431.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Bureau of the Public Debt was created by the 1940 Reorg. Plan No. III and the functions of the Public Debt Service were transferred to the new bureau.

§ 14a. Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948.

Section, R. S. § 1786; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 291, 36 Stat. 1167, related to holding office contrary to the disability clause of the fourteenth amendment.

§ 15. Removal of disability imposed by the fourteenth amendment.

The disability imposed by section three of the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States incurred prior to June 6, 1898, is hereby removed. (June 6, 1898, ch. 389, 30 Stat. 432.)

§ 16. Oath of office.

The oath to be taken by any person elected or appointed to any office of honor or profit either in the civil, military, or naval service, except the President of the United States shall be as follows: "I, A B, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to enter. So help me God." This section shall not affect the oaths prescribed on May 13, 1884, in relation to the performance of duties in special or particular subordinate offices and employments. (R. S. § 1757; May 13, 1884, ch. 46, §§ 2, 3, 23 Stat. 22.)

DERIVATION

Act July 11, 1868, ch. 139, 15 Stat. 85; act Feb. 15, 1871, ch. 53, 16 Stat. 412.

CODIFICATION

Quoted oath is from R. S. § 1757, and remainder of section is from act May 13, 1884.

CROSS REFERENCES

Alien physicians, dentists and allied specialists inducted and appointed as commissioned officers, substitution of prescribed oath for oath provided for in this section, see section 454 (i) (7) of Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense.

Armed Forces, oath of service and obedience for noncitizens qualified for commission in medical categories, see section 455 (a) of Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense.

Renewal of oath by Army, Navy, or Air Force officer upon promotion, not required, see sections 3312, 5792, and 8312 of Title 10, Armed Forces.

Renewal of oath of office not to be required so long as services of employees are continuous unless, in opinion of department head, the public interest requires it, see sections 17-17b of this title.

§ 16a. Administration of oaths by officers or employees of the executive departments or independent establishments.

Any officer or employee of any of the executive departments or independent establishments, including any agency the majority of the stock of which is owned by the Government of the United States, designated in writing by the head thereof for such purpose, is authorized to administer the oath required by section 16 of this title, incident to entrance into the executive branch of the Federal Government, or any other oath required by law in connection with employment therein, such oath to be administered without charge or fee and to have the same force and effect as oaths administered by officers having seals. (June 26, 1943, ch. 145, title II, § 206, 57 Stat. 196.)

§ 17. Same; renewal by Department of Agriculture employees.

Employees of the Department of Agriculture who, upon original appointment, have subscribed to the

oath of office required by section 16 of this title shall not be required to renew the said oath because of any change in status so long as their services are continuous, unless, in the opinion of the Secretary of Agriculture the public interests require such renewal. (Jan. 31, 1925, ch. 124, § 3, 43 Stat. 803.)

APPLICATION TO DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR EMPLOYEES Provisions of this section and sections 521 and 522 of this title were made applicable to such officers, agents, or employees of Department of Interior performing functions of Bureau of Biological Survey as are designated by Secretary of Interior for purposes named herein by 1939 Reorg. Plan No. II, § 4 (g), eff. July 1, 1939, set out under section 133t of this title. See also sections 401404 of the plan for provisions relating to transfer of functions, records, property, personnel, and funds.

Bureau of Biological Survey was subsequently consolidated with Bureau of Fisheries into Fish and Wildlife Service in Department of Interior by 1940 Reorg. Plan No. III, § 3, eff. June 30, 1940, also set out under section 133t of this title.

§ 17a. Same; renewal by employees of Veterans' Administration.

Employees of the Veterans' Administration who, upon original appointment, have subscribed to the oath of office required by section 16 of this title shall not be required to renew the said oath because of any change in status so long as their services are continuous, unless, in the opinion of the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs, the public interests require such renewal. (Dec. 11, 1926, ch. 4, § 3, 44 Stat. 919; July 3, 1930, ch. 863, §§ 1, 2, 46 Stat. 1016.)

§ 17b. Same; renewals by employees of executive departments, independent establishments, and District of Columbia.

Civilian employees of the executive departments and independent establishments of the United States and employees of the District of Columbia who, upon original appointment, have subscribed to the oath of office required by section 16 of this title, shall not be required to renew the said oath because of any change in status so long as their services are continuous in the department or independent establishment in which employed or in the government of the District of Columbia, unless in the opinion of the head of the department or independent establishment or the Commissioners of the District of Columbia the public interests require such renewal. (Aug. 14, 1937, ch. 624, 50 Stat. 640; Nov. 22, 1943, ch. 303, 57 Stat. 591.)

§ 18. Same; who may administer.

The oath of office required by section 16 of this title may be taken before any officer who is authorized either by the laws of the United States or by the local municipal law, to administer oaths, in the State, Territory, or District where such oath may be administered. (R. S. § 1758.)

DERIVATION

Act Aug. 6, 1861, ch. 64, § 2, 12 Stat. 326.

§ 19. Same; chief clerks of departments to administer without compensation.

The chief clerks of the several executive departments and of the various bureaus and offices thereof in Washington, District of Columbia, are authorized and directed, on application and without compensation therefor, to administer oaths of office to employees required to be taken on their appointment or promotion. (Aug. 29, 1890, ch. 820, § 1, 26 Stat. 371.)

§ 20. Same; to employees administered without compensation.

No officer, clerk, or employee of any executive department who is also a notary public or other officer authorized to administer oaths, shall charge or receive any fee or compensation for administering oaths of office to employees of such department required to be taken on appointment or promotion therein. (Aug. 29, 1890, ch. 820, § 1, 26 Stat. 371.)

§ 21. Same; custody of.

The oath of office taken by any person pursuant to the requirements of section 16 of this title, shall be delivered in by him to be preserved among the files of the House of Congress, department, or court to which the office in respect to which the oath is made may appertain. (R. S. § 1759.) DERIVATION

Act July 2, 1862, ch. 128, 12 Stat. 502.

§ 21a. Affidavit by appointed officers; no consideration paid for appointment.

Each individual appointed after Dec. 11, 1926, as a civil officer of the United States by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, or by the President alone, or by a court of law, or by the head of a department, shall, within thirty days after the effective date of his appointment, file with the oath of office required by section 16 of this title an affidavit stating that neither he nor anyone acting in his behalf has given, transferred, promised, or paid any consideration for or in the expectation or hope of receiving assistance in securing such appointment. (Dec. 11, 1926, ch. 4, § 1, 44 Stat 918; Mar. 2, 1927, ch. 284, 44 Stat. 1346; Sept. 23, 1950, ch. 1010, § 10, 64 Stat. 987.)

AMENDMENTS

1950-Act Sept. 23, 1950, amended section to provide for filing of affidavit with the oath of office required by section 16 of this title instead of with the Comptroller General.

CROSS REFERENCES

Oath of office to be filled with the agency to which the office appertains, see section 21 of this title.

§ 21b. Same; failure to make affidavit; penalty.

No salary shall be paid to any individual required under section 21a of this title to file an affidavit until such affidavit has been filled. (Dec. 11, 1926, ch. 4. § 2, 44 Stat. 919.)

§ 22. Departmental regulations; withholding of information from public not authorized.

The head of each department is authorized to prescribe regulations, not inconsistent with law, for the government of his department, the conduct of its officers and clerks, the distribution and performance of its business, and the custody, use, and preservation of the records, papers, and property appertaining to it. This section does not authorize withholding information from the public or limiting the availability of records to the public. (R. S. § 161; Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85-619, 72 Stat. 547.)

DERIVATION

Acts July 27, 1789, ch. 4, 1 Stat. 28; Aug. 7, 1789, ch. 7 1 Stat. 49; Sept. 2, 1789, ch. 12, 1 Stat. 65; Sept. 15, 1789, ch. 14, 1 Stat. 68; Apr. 30, 1798, ch. 35, 1 Stat. 553; Mar. 3, 1849, ch. 108, 9 Stat. 395; June 22, 1870, ch. 150, § 8. 16 Stat. 163; June 8, 1872, ch. 335, 17 Stat. 283.

AMENDMENTS

1958-Pub. L. 85-619 amended section by adding sentence providing that section does not authorize withholding information from public or limiting availability of records to public.

AUTHORITY OF DIRECTOR OF UNITED STATES INFORMATION AGENCY

Exercise of authority available under this section by the Director of the United States Information Agency, see Ex. Ord. No. 10477, Aug. 3, 1953, 18 F. R. 4540, set out as a note under section 811a of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 9980

Ex. Ord. No. 9980, July 27, 1948, 13 F. R. 4311, which related to fair employment practices within the Federal establishment, was superseded by Ex. Ord. No. 10590, Jan. 18, 1955, 20 F. R. 409, set out as a note under section 631 of this title.

EXECUTIVE ORDER No. 10590

Ex. Ord. No. 10590, Jan. 18, 1955, 20 F. R. 409, set out as a note under section 631 of this title, provides that the head of each executive department and agency shall prescribe certain regulations for the administration of the employment policies of said order.

CROSS REFERENCES

Confidential records

Tax returns and lists, publicity, see section 6103 et seq. of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Visas or permits to enter United States, records of Department of State and of diplomatic and consular offices respecting issuance or refusal, see section 1202 (f) of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.

§ 22-1. Suspension of civilian officers and employees of certain departments and agencies for national security reasons; procedure; review; employment in other departments or agencies. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 652 of this title, or the provisions of any other law, the Secretary of State; Secretary of Commerce; Attorney General; the Secretary of Defense; the Secretary of the Army; the Secretary of the Navy; the Secretary of the Air Force; the Secretary of the Treasury; Atomic Energy Commission; the Chairman, National Security Resources Board; or the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad

ministration, may, in his absolute discretion and when deemed necessary in the interest of national security, suspend, without pay, any civilian officer or employee of the Department of State (including the Foreign Service of the United States), Department of Commerce, Department of Justice, Department of Defense, Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, Department of the Air Force, Coast Guard, Atomic Energy Commission, National Security Resources Board, or National Aeronautics and Space Administration, respectively, or of their several field services: Provided, That to the extent that such agency head determines that the interests of the national security permit, the employee concerned shall be notified of the reasons for his suspension and within thirty days after such notification any such person shall have an opportunity to submit any statements or affidavits to the official designated by the head of the agency concerned to show why he should be reinstated or restored to duty. The agency head concerned may, following such investigation and review as he deems necessary, terminate the employment of such suspended civilian officer or employee whenever he shall determine such termination necessary or advisable in the interest of the national security of the United States, and such determination by the agency head concerned shall be conclusive and final: Provided further, That any employee having a permanent or indefinite appointment, and having completed his probationary or trial period, who is a citizen of the United States whose employment is suspended under the authority of sections 22-1 to 22-3 of this title, shall be given after his suspension and before his employment is terminated under the authority of said sections, (1) a written statement within thirty days after his suspension of the charges against him, which shall be subject to amendment within thirty days thereafter and which shall be stated as specifically as security considerations permit; (2) an opportunity within thirty days thereafter (plus an additional thirty days if the charges are amended) to answer such charges and to submit affidavits; (3) a hearing, at the employee's request, by a duly constituted agency authority for this purpose; (4) a review of his case by the agency head, or some official designated by him, before a decision adverse to the employee is made final; and (5) a written statement of the decision of the agency head: Provided further. That any person whose employment is so suspended or terminated under the authority of said sections may, in the discretion of the agency head concerned. be reinstated or restored to duty, and if so reinstated or restored shall be allowed compensation for all or any part of the period of such suspension or termination in an amount not to exceed the difference between the amount such person would normally have earned during the period of such suspension or termination, at the rate he was receiving on the date of suspension or termination, as appropriate, and the interim net earnings of such person: Provided further, That the termination of employment herein provided shall not affect the right of such officer or employee to seek or accept employment in any other

department or agency of the Government: Provided further, That the head of any department or agency considering the appointment of any person whose employment has been terminated under the provisions of said sections may make such appointment only after consultation with the Civil Service Commission, which agency shall have the authority at the written request of either the head of such agency or such employee to determine whether any such person is eligible for employment by any other agency or department of the Government. (Aug. 26, 1950, ch. 803, § 1, 64 Stat. 476; July 29, 1958, Pub. L. 85-568, title III, § 301 (c), 72 Stat. 432.)

AMENDMENTS

1958-Pub. L. 85-568 amended section by substituting "the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration" for "the Director, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics" and "or National Aeronautics and Space Administration" for "or National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics".

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1958 AMENDMENT Amendment of section by Pub. L. 85-568 as effective 90 days after July 29, 1958, or on any earlier date on which the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration determines, and announces by proclamation, that the Administration has been organized and is prepared to discharge the duties and exercise the powers conferred upon it, see note set out under section 2302 of Title 10, Armed Forces.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Functions of the Chairman of the National Security Resources Board were transferred, with certain exceptions, to the Director of the Office of Defense Mobilization and the National Security Resources Board was abolished by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 3, eff. June 12, 1953, 18 F. R. 3375, 67 Stat. 634, set out as a note under section 404 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

§ 22-2. Same; applicability to Atomic Energy Commission.

Nothing contained in sections 22-1 to 22-3 of this title shall impair the powers vested in the Atomic Energy Commission by the Atomic Energy Act of 1946 or the requirements of section 12 of that act that adequate provision be made for administrative review of any determination to dismiss any employee of said Commission. (Aug. 26, 1950, ch. 803, § 2, 64 Stat. 477.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The Atomic Energy Act of 1946, referred to in the text, was completely amended and renumbered by act Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, 68 Stat. 921, and is now covered by chapter 23 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

Section 12 of that act, referred to in the text, is a reference to section 12 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1946, prior to the complete amendment and renumbering of such act Aug. 1, 1946, by act Aug. 30, 1954. Such section 12 is now covered by sections 2201-2209 of such Title 42.

§ 22-3. Same; application to other departments or agencies.

The provisions of section 22-1 to 22-3 of this title shall apply to such other departments and agencies of the Government as the President may, from time to time, deem necessary in the best interests of national security. If any departments or agencies are included by the President, he shall so report to the Committees on the Armed Services of the Congress. (Aug. 26, 1950, ch. 823, § 3, 64 Stat. 477.)

THE PANAMA CANAL AND THE PANAMA Canal ComPANY Executive Order No. 10237, Apr. 26, 1951, 16 F. R. 3627, make the provsions of sections 22-1 to 22-3 of this title applicable to the Panama Canal and to The Panama Canal Company.

§ 22a. Delegation of powers and authority to subordinate officials.

The head of any department may delegate to subordinate officials (1) the power vested in him by law to take final action on matters pertaining to the employment, direction, and general administration of personnel under his department; (2) the authority vested in him by section 675 of Title 31 to direct the purchase of articles from contingent funds; and (3) the authority vested in him by section 324 of Title 44, to authorize the publication of advertisements, notices or proposals. (Aug. 2, 1946, ch. 744, § 12, 60 Stat. 809.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Section 675 of Title 31, referred to in the text, was repealed by act Sept. 12, 1950, ch. 946, title III, § 301 (76), 64 Stat. 843.

§ 23. Supervision of subordinate clerks.

Each chief clerk in the several departments, and bureaus, and other offices connected with the departments, shall supervise, under the direction of his immediate superior, the duties of the other clerks therein, and see that they are faithfully performed. (R. S. § 173.)

DERIVATION

Act Aug. 26, 1842, ch. 202, § 13, 5 Stat. 525.

§ 24. Distribution of duties.

Each chief clerk shall take care, from time to time, that the duties of the other clerks are distributed with equality and uniformity, according to the nature of the case. He shall revise such distribution from time to time, for the purpose of correcting any tendency to undue accumulation or reduction of duties whether arising from individual negligence or incapacity, or from increase or diminution of particular kinds of business. He shall report monthly to his superior officer any existing defect that he may be aware of in the arrangement or dispatch of business. (R. S. § 174.)

DERIVATION

Act Aug. 26, 1842, ch. 202, § 13, 5 Stat. 525.

§ 25. Duty of chief on receipt of report.

Each head of a department, chief of a bureau, or other superior officer, shall, upon receiving each monthly report of his chief clerk, rendered pursuant to section 24 of this title, examine the facts stated therein, and take such measures, in the exercise of the powers conferred upon him by law, as may be necessary and proper to amend any existing defects in the arrangement or dispatch of business disclosed by such report. (R. S. § 175.)

DERIVATION

Act Aug. 26, 1842, ch. 202, § 13, 5 Stat. 525.

§ 26. Repealed. Dec. 16, 1930, ch. 14, § 1, 46 Stat. 1028. Section, R. S. § 162, related to hours of business, and is now covered by section 944 of this title.